 The paper analyzes changes in streamflow and sediment discharge in the middle reaches of the Yellow River based on data from 1950 to 2008, revealing significant decreasing trends since the late 1950s, with abrupt decline beginning in 1985 and 1981 respectively. Human intervention caused a reduction of 17.8% in cumulative streamflow and 28% in cumulative sediment discharge during 1985 to 2008. The study concludes that human activities played a major role in the streamflow and sediment discharge reduction in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. This article was authored by P. Gao, X. M. Mu, F. Wong, and others.