 فشرف بالاشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيمي وأقصامه ثلاثة The types of categorization for Kedema is إسم وفعل وحرف جاء المعنن So we're going to take each one Now when we take each one Brothers and sisters we're going to take it in the following Number one, when we take إسم we're going to define what إسم means Okay Now today you might see a student of knowledge And you ask him what's an إسم He would I don't know We are going to take the definition of it Number one Number two we're going to take the types of إسم there are And number three we're going to take the signs of the إسم And we'll do that for each and every one of them We're going to do that for the إسفع as well And we'll also do the same for حرف We're gonna define what an إسم means We're gonna tell you the types of إسم there are And we're also going to take the signs of the إسم Then we're gonna do the same for the فعل We're going to define what فعيل is We're going to mention the types of فعل there are And we're also going to tell you the signs of the فعل We're gonna do the same for what? حرف We're gonna define what حرف means نحن سنقوم بمكتب لكم the types of حرف there are and we're also going to what we're also going to give you the signs of the حرف so does that make sense let's start with اسم let's define what اسم means this is okay we're going to define it linguistically and then we're going to define it technically okay what is اسم what does it mean in the language what's the lexical definition of the word اسم the lexical definition of the word اسم is it's anything that indicates and shows something when it comes to the word اسم are you with me sisters and brothers it comes from two words there's a خلاف amongst the scholars which of the two I am not going to now do ترجيح of the two but there are two word that the word اسم comes from okay does anyone have an idea what's the root word there's two word that it comes from it is سمو that's one and the second one is the first one is سمو سمو means what العلو ورطفع to be uplifted and to be raised so that's one root word that it comes from some scholars say the second one is وسم وسم means sign they say those are the two meanings that the word اسم comes from okay which of those are right and why is it right we will do that إن شاء الله تعالى in another place but they say that these are the two roots that it comes from good do we now know what it means لكسيكلي we now want to know what it means تكنيكلي تكنيكلي is the technical definition of the word اسم is مادلة على معنى في نفسها something that has a meaning in and within it for example محمد محمد is what محمد is a اسم very good محمد is a it's an اسم it's a what it's an اسم why is it an اسم because it has two things of our definition of an اسم the first one is it shows a meaning in and within itself محمد does it have a meaning in and within itself yes it means the one that is praised a lot the one that's praised a lot is called what محمد that's the meaning that's in it there's a meaning in the word محمد and what's the second point that it has to also have because so far if we just stick at that point and we say it's anything that has a meaning in and within itself then so does the verb so we still haven't distinguished it from a verb the way that we distinguish it from a verb is by adding a second part of a definition to it which is ولم يقتر بأحد الأزمينة ثلاثة ولم تقتر أما ولم يقتر بأحد الأزمينة ثلاثة are you with me brothers and sisters and it hasn't indicated any of the times the past present or future بأحد الأزمينة ثلاثة means what any of the times so it doesn't show a past it doesn't show a present and it nor does it show a future so that's what a محمد has to be it doesn't show time when i say محمد do you think of the past if i say محمد do you think of the present and if i say محمد do you think of the future no you don't محمد doesn't have that i mean of course unless it's an individual by the name محمد which was in the past then this individual is what's making you go back to the past and think of it but the name itself does not show time are you with me brothers and sisters yeah so this is what isim means example of an isim is what محمد علي رجل جمل نهر تفاحة ليمولة all these are nouns they are isims علي is the isim محمد is the isim رجل is an isim جمال كامل is an isim why is an isim because it falls under our definition it has a meaning even within itself and it what هه and it doesn't show time تفاحة ليمونة عصن all of those are they are all isims they are all isms they all show meaning فكل واحد من هذه الألفاضي يدلوا على معنى وليس الزمان داخلا في معنى هه and no time is in it فيقول اسمان so it's an isim now how many types of isim are there how many types of how many types of isims are there the types of the types of isims that there are are three now remember this number three three is the golden number for grandma every time you generally find three three three three three اسم is how many types it's three types اسم which is مبهر مضمر and مبهم those are the three those are what they are the three the first one is مضهر the second is مضمر and the third one is مبهم مبهم right are we all together so the first one is مضهر what's مضهر what's مضمر and what's مبهم مبهم we will insha'Allah touch that when we come to باب العراب when we come to the chapter of العراب we're going to touch on each one what it is okay as for you as an individual you just need to know and understand that they are these three types what they mean and in details we'll speak about it إن شاء الله تعالى in the chapter of العراب are we all together let's now move on to let's now move on to the next one which is I'm missing something from a noun does anyone know what I have and mentioned from the noun that I promise I will mention the signs of the noun right there's three things I said I'm going to tell you about each one right what was the first thing تعريفه is definition did I give you the definition good and I promise you I'll tell you the types of each one right and have I done that now we're left with the third thing the third one the oath is going to bring so there's no need for me to jump it صح the oath is going to mention in the مؤمن so we're going to come to that إن شاء الله تعالى now let's move on to the second type that the author mentioned which is واقسام who the types of كلمة is three we mentioned إسم we're going to now move on to فعيل we're going to move on to we're going to now move on to فعيل what's the definition of a فعيل the لغة the lexical the linguistic definition of a فعيل is الحدث event فعيل is an event that has happened are you with me brothers and sisters what is it it is حدث حدث means what an event that has happened now we've learned what it means in the lexical meaning I mean it's in the linguistic meaning but what does it mean according to the grammarians what do the grammarians consider as a وفصطلاح النحوين and in accordance to the definition of the grammarians فعيل is كلمة remember what we said about إسم what did we say it's something that has a meaning in and within itself so is a verb ذهبا and جاعة are not the same meaning are they the same meaning ذهبا and جاعة two different meanings okay ذهبا means went جاعة means came so they have different meanings but the difference here is not the first part of the definition because إسم فعيل both of them have a meaning in and within itself the difference is the second part of the definition which is ذهب has indicated and it has shown one of the tense one of the tenses whether it be past tense present tense or future tense does that make sense the only difference is that a verb shows a what it shows a time it shows a tense the verb the noun doesn't the إسم doesn't so for example for example let's look at that word كتابا كتابا is what it's a verb what type of verb is that فعيل فعيل مالذي that's a past tense كتابا right so كتابا is a what فعيل مالذي you then have what يكتبه يكتبه what's this one فعيل this is فعيل مضالع means what present tense هه تكتبه اما يكتبه اما اكتب let's just go to but يكتبه right are we together يكتبه means what هه present then we have اكتب what does اكتب mean فعيل عيل امر فعيل امر here is what هه it's a command verb but there's what is a command verb show it shows the future right because if I say to you اكتب right when do you start writing are you right when I tell in the future after I've told you right so it's a form of future so we have these three in the Arabic language we have these some of the grammarians they believe there's only two types some of the grammarians they don't believe there's three types of tenses they don't like this they believe that the فعيل امر is actually part of the فعيل مضالع and that it should have been taken it should not be taken out of it the reason why they say that we will tackle when we come to باب العرب and we'll see why they said that but the one we want to go according to is the view of that جمهور النحات the majority of the grammarians and the matter of تقسيمات categorization is all based upon what the concept of induction and is all based upon اتهاد it falls under personal reasoning so it's not none of the parties are saying that they have evidence قال الله قال الله الرسوله so what's ماذي فعيل ماذي فعيل ماذي is مدل على حدث وقع في زمانين اللي قبل زمان التكلومي it means فعيل ماذي means past tense it's something that has happened before the time of the speech it has happened before the time of speech مضارع is what مدل على حد يقع في زمانين التكلومي أو بعدهم فعيل مضارع is what an event that has taken place at the time of speech whilst the person is talking or even a little bit after him صح because مضارع sometimes can show a slight future right does it can it not if you say for example somebody calls you and says to you what are you doing what do you say i am putting on my clothes مثلا that's what you say right when you say i'm putting on my clothes you may not have even started putting on your clothes it can show a future that's a bit it does and there are things that if they enter it they force it to become a future we'll see that إن شاء الله متعالى the last one is الأمر مدل على حدث يطلب وحصوله بعد زمانين التكلومي أمر is what it indicates an event that a person is being requested to come with something after the speech so اكتب right if have understand اخرج leave اسمع لسن اصر give victory and etc we've now finished the تعريف of what we've finished the definition of what فعيل we've also talked about we also spoke about the types of the types of we divided them into three فعيل ماضي فعيل مضارع فعيل أمر right what have we missing what's the third thing that we're missing yeah we're missing the signs of the verb and as i said that's gonna come to us that's gonna come to us does that make sense very good now we're gonna go into حرف حرف فلغة what does حرف mean in the language what does حرف mean what in the language the word حرف in the language it means طرف means side edge so the word حرف in the linguistic lexical meaning is طرف صح and the evidence for that is ومن الناس يمن يعبد الله على حرفه there are some people who worship الله سبحانه وتعالى on the edge they're on the edge when they're worshiping الله meaning this is like the منافقين when the believers are enjoying themselves and the believers have money and the believers are the أبحان in the world the منافق is with the believers so he jumps on the side of the believers but when he finds that the Muslims are struggling at that time and then they don't have the أبحان and the كفار have the أبحان he jumps on the the bandwagon with the كفار and he goes with them so ومن الناس يمن يعبد الله على حرفه فإن أصابه خير ونطمع النبي وإن أصابته فتنة ونقلب على وجه قسر الدنيا والآخرة ذلك هو القصران المبين there are people like that they watch for Allah on the edge that when they when they're in a time of good وإن أصابته ومن أصابه خير ونطمع النبي if he good comes to him he finds tranquility he's happy he's enjoying himself and if he finds hardship and trials and tribulations thrown at him وإن أصابته فتنة ونقلب على and if it happens that he is afflicted with trials and tribulations he turns on his heel he apostates he leaves Islam he says what's this religion but he does it again this is very common when it comes to reverts a lot of the time a lot of the reverts what happens to them is they were Christians or they were nothing they didn't believe in God or anything so what happens is they start to take a belief they come into Islam and when they come into Islam guess what happens they get tested الله سبحانه وتعالى he tests them highly they are put through a trial and a tribulation what do they do when they get tried when they get tested they start thinking that the problem is coming from Islam some of them they just leave man I can't take this just yesterday a man called in somebody I was sitting with a man called in and he spoke to the brother he said when I took Islam my landlord doesn't I can't my landlord doesn't want to rent me my house when I took Islam I'm struggling to even get married now when I took Islam this is happening when I took Islam so he's thinking this is all from Islam so Allah tests سبحانه وتعالى and Allah wants to see the strength of a believer but you have to realize one thing if today somebody wants to be part of a group what do they do they put him through a training course to see is he made for this they give him a probation period and the religion of Islam is a religion that tests a person's claim of Imam احسيب الناس وَاَيُتُرَكُ وَاَيَخُولُ أَعْمَنَا وَاَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَلُونَ do you just think you can just say I'm a believer and no one's going to test that that statement of yours that statement is going to be put to the test if you make it through then masha Allah you're sticking to your belief and if when you say I'm a believer you get tested you leave then you aren't really serious in the first place why are you yeah won't be serious نعم so the word حرف it means that in the language what does it mean technically technically it means what did we say that ism was ism has a meaning in and within itself remember we said that and we said it also doesn't show time what did we say a verb was we said a verb has a meaning in and within itself and it also shows time حرف من يادحان is it has no meaning حرف has no meaning its meaning comes when it when it's put into a context has no meaning صح that's why the grammar is you have a statement which is الحروف وينوب بعضها بعضها that the حروف they can take each other's places sometimes you see fee taking the place of على and إلى and the lamb taking the place of the بال they take each other's places because the meaning comes from what the context for example the word مين what is the word مين show the word مين what does it show you can't give a meaning you can only give it a meaning when you put into a context because there's so many meanings that the word مين has صح so example they have to من البيت I left from the house what the meaning does it have here it has ابتداء meaning from beginning from somewhere that's what it has and sometimes you put it in another context it has a different meaning صح sometimes it can be تبعيضية صم right so what it is is it's not clear unless you put it into a context so the meaning of حروف is it's nothing until a context restricts its meaning very good I'm now going to إن شاء الله التعالى give you 10 words you just have to mention if they are if they are إسم if they are فعل and if it's a حرف so write these words إن شاء الله متعالى ذيبون so let me write the words on the board هه for what you can متن هزر من شاولية oh no no no they should know it they should know it definition the definition okay you have ذيب so the first one is ذيبون ذيبون سافر إلى صوفة نامير اجتهاد أمينا ورده so those are the words إن شاء الله التعالى they are 10 each one it's إيذر إسم فعل حرف the way you have to identify it is based on the definition I gave you which word does it have a meaning does it show a tense you need to get that sorted إن شاء الله متعالى I'm going to conclude here إن شاء الله متعالى وان I'm going to stop every Tuesdays it's going to be from 7 to 9 because 9 to 11 I have a class with the sisters downstairs so the classes are going to be from 7 to 9 on Tuesdays the grammar so you guys got saved by the bell some of you like grammar for hours so we take two hours and the way that we did this class today is exactly how we're going to be doing it every day every every every week week at week week at week tomorrow we have which class we have متعب الشجاع it's a Shafi'a book شو دو متعب الشجاع شو دو در الدر البهية yeah we'll just do متعب we do متعب we do متعب with Shafi'a but we're not going to do it quality how to متعب is do it we're going to do قول الراجح متعب is wrong it says متعب is wrong but it's of benefits to study the matter it really is anything which I have said that was wrong but incorrect is from me الشيطان and Allah's message are free from it سبحانك اللهم اللهم يحمدك أشد ولا إله إلا الله أسد في الوباء طويلة any questions