 Sports betting, sports betting is the activity of predicting sports results and placing the wager on the outcome. The frequency of sports bet upon buries by culture, with the vast majority of bets being placed on association football, American football, basketball, baseball, hockey, track cycling, auto racing, mixed martial arts, and boxing at both the amateur and professional levels. Sports betting can also extend to non-athletic events, such as reality-showed contests and political elections, and non-human contests such as horse racing, ray-cound racing, and illegal, underground dog-fighting. Sports betters place their wagers either legally, through a bookmaker flash sports book, or illegally through privately run enterprises referred to as bookies. The term book is a reference to the books used by wage workers to track wagers, payouts, and debts. Many legal sports books are found online, operated over the Internet from jurisdiction separate from the clients they serve. Usually to get around various gambling laws such as the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 in the United States than select markets, such as Las Vegas, Nevada, or un-gambling. Cruises through self-serve kiosks. They take bets upfront meaning the better must pay the sports book before placing the bet. Illegal bookies, due to the nature of their business, can operate anywhere but only require money from losing betters and don't require the wagered money upfront, creating the possibility of debt to the bookies from the better. This creates a number of other criminal elements, thus further rank their illegality. Sports betting has resulted in a number of scandals in sport, affecting the integrity of sports events through various acts including point-shaving players affecting the score by missing shots. Spot fixing the player action is fixed bad calls from officials at key moments, and overall match fixing the overall result of the event is fixed. Examples include the 1919 World Series, the alleged and later admitted illegal gambling of former MLB player Pete Rose, and former NBA referee Tim Tonighe.