 Dear students, in this module, we are going to discuss self-fulfilling prophecy from symbolic interactionist point of view. The interactionist perspective is a theoretical framework in sociology that emphasizes the role of individual behavior and social interactions in shaping the society. While self-fulfilling prophecy refers to the phenomenon in which an individual's beliefs and expectations about a situation or a person lead them to behave in a way that ultimately confirms those beliefs and expectations. Self-fulfilling prophecy is a very interesting theory in the symbolic interactionist perspective. For symbolic interactionists, because the meanings and symbols are very important, they think that reality is socially constructed. In this way, the self-fulfilling prophecy in the education of children also gives a very clear example. So basically, self-fulfilling prophecy is that when a child reflects any kind of behavior, then that behavior is considered as the ultimate reflection of the child's talent. And teachers start labeling it in the same way. And when a specific tag or label is applied on the child, then the child confirms that behavioral expectation. For example, if a child gets an intelligent or intelligent label in the beginning, then it becomes very important to carry the same label for the child. And gradually, the child confirms that behavior. On the other hand, we see that the child who is given a negative or negative address in the same way, an inferiority complex is created in the child. And that child thinks that maybe he can never excel in his life. So under the self-fulfilling prophecy, such children try to fulfill their same behavioral expectations with a sense. So in the interactionist perspective, self-fulfilling prophecy is seen as a means of shaping individual and collective behavior and shaping its social outcomes. In Pakistan, for example, self-fulfilling prophecies can be seen in the ways in which stereotypes and prejudices about certain groups shape individual behavior and its social outcomes. So especially in the private schools in Pakistan, and in such schools where the properly trained staff is not present, most children are given such labels. And children try to behave in the same way throughout their life carrying their own labels. So it's very interesting to see how self-fulfilling prophecy affects not only our behavior, but also our potential. If a child has talent or potential, then that particular label may not allow that talent to be explored. On the other hand, we see that children who may not have as much natural capabilities but if they are appreciated from the start, they are encouraged and they are given such positive labels, so in such children, this propensity to excel and propensity to work hard increases. Understanding the role of self-fulfilling prophecies is essential for analyzing the ways in which individual behavior and social interactions shape the social outcomes and it perpetuates the social inequality. So, choque is self-fulfilling prophecy, it's the use of symbols, it's the use of, it's rather the construction of social reality. So, the way we see it in the rest of the people, through different symbols, we express our behaviors, similarly, it can be seen how the self-fulfilling prophecy potentially produces social inequality in the education system. The study of self-fulfilling prophecies requires a multidisciplinary approach. Again, we will see that it can only be seen through the sociological lens. It also has some psychological repercussions, it has some social or particularly historical repercussions. So, by analyzing the complexities of self-fulfilling prophecies, we can gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which individual beliefs and expectations shape the social interaction and impact the individual and collective well-being. So, examples of these interventions aimed at challenging the negative stereotypes and prejudice in Pakistan include education and awareness-raising campaigns. So, in this regard, we need awareness campaigns to see how the self-fulfilling prophecies are negatively affecting the children. We need to train and sensitize the teachers so that they can try to appreciate the children and not typically label the children as stereotypical so that they can have equal possibilities to excel in the future.