 Come, come, come, please have a seat, take a seat quick and Rahul we welcome you, we find you are from Bihar and your subject has been mathematics optional, otherwise you are electrical engineering IIT Patna. Yes sir. Good and 25th May is your and how many times have you appeared? Sir, this is my first attempt. Written. Yes sir. Personality test first again obviously. Yes sir. First time. Both. Both. Good. So, you are a bright candidate, you made it in the first attempt and we will try to help you whatever we can. So, I will start with Brigadier. You are so delighted that you are here. Okay. Absolutely be comfortable right, we are not trying to answer. Now tell me in electrical engineering, I will first say, right, which is the subject you like the best? In the signal systems, the control system, these subjects are feel more comfortable. Okay. Tell me how can technology make a difference as far as governance is concerned? Sir, technology has got a huge potential in like making governance more people friendly, more proactive. Sir, for example, we can see that sir using like Oomang app, sir all the governance service delivery mechanisms have come at one place at a finger tip. So, sir, at any time it has basically made governance are 24-7, anywhere, any time. Okay. But how is it, we are not finding you know like many countries are reformed themselves with the technological platform, but we are still slow as far things are concerned. We are not going in for that, most of things on paper. So, how do you want, how can you make a difference? Sir, the reason why sir we are lacking bit slow, sir, I would say bit slow, sir, because we don't have the required digital infrastructure, especially in the rural areas. Sir, to first, sir, if what I hack, what I can do sir is like first we need to create awareness. Like many times people are not aware that they can file a complaint through like app or they can register any booking or they can do a bookings through app. So, first thing will be sir to create awareness, especially at the grassroot level. Sir, secondly, sir, we can incentivize more companies, especially like PPP models we can develop for like more apps, more people friendly apps and all that. So, you feel PPP is one of the answer, so the government per se cannot take on their old responsibility. Okay. Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana. Yes. Heard of this? Yes. Do you think they are spending so much of money really worth it? Sir, I think it is totally worth it because sir, especially in this COVID lockdown, sir, many people, especially the poor people, they were like deprived of their income. And sir, the problems of hunger could increase, therefore to tackle that, sir, proactively government launched the Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, in which they have taken care of the basic needs of the most vulnerable section of our sector. So, the thing is still how long now? What is the duration of this Yojana? Sir, if I am not mistaken, sir, it is going to end this year. End this year? Because it is going to extend it. Okay. Rahul, your option is mathematics. Yes, sir. Suppose I have to cross a river, I know in need, mode and median of its depth, which is more significant for me so that I can take a decision to cross the river. Sir, I know my height. Do you understand the question? Yes, sir. The river, I know the mean, mode and median of its depth at different places. I know my height. I have to take decision. Should I cross it? Should I not cross it? What is significant out of all these three? Sir, I think mean would be the most significant because sir, if in mode, sir, maybe the frequency of lesser depth is more, but there can be a depth which is very great and which like we can drown in that, especially similarly like in median, it just gives us the middle value. So, it does not give us like what is the greatest depth and what is the lowest depth. So, the best probability will be to go according to the mean. Mean. Yes. So, at one place this is 50 feet deep, at other place this is just 1 feet deep. Yes. So, you just go and drown. Sir, there are like this is not the 100% proof, sir, but we are going to cross. So, nothing is important. What is more important, most important for crossing the river? Comparatively. And what is most important? What is the maximum depth of the river? Yes. Isn't it? Okay. What are the protection given to a civil servant in Indian constitution? Sir, they can be removed only by the, for all India services, sir, they can be removed only by the order of a president and sir, like for inquiring, for constituting an inquiry against them, sir. No, I am talking of civil service, there are certain constitutional provisions which provide the protection from removal or from reducing in rank. What are the protection? Sir, these are mentioned in, sir, article 311 to 315, sir, in this. Can you tell me 311? Sir, like they cannot be like as a dismissed or like reduced in rank if by authority lower than who is appointing them and so that is like precedent. Right. Right. In any circumstance, can they be removed? Without, without, there is another thing which is required by the authority. Sir, I think sir, there should be like some, like some approved misbehavior or some incapacity. How would you find out? What will you conduct? Sir, I think Supreme Court can, sir, decide like for UPSC members, it does Supreme Court, sir, so if in my opinion. No, civil servants, man. All right. How can a law be declared a ultra virus of constitution? On what basis? Sir, if it infringes on the basic structure of constitution, sir, the Supreme Court and high courts can declare the law ultra virus. What other things are there? Sir. What others? Sir, like if it impinges on, sir, like fundamental rights of people. Suppose the state government of Bihar makes a law on currency of India, whether this will be valid law or this will be ultra virus. Sir, I think this should be ultra virus because currency comes. So, what is the basis? Sir, currency comes in like the union list on which state government. Sir, whether the concern, parliament or the SA has got power to make it or not. Yes. All right. Thank you, sir. Oh, Rahu. Yes, ma'am. You, given mathematics as your subject. Yes, ma'am. Do we have a Nobel Prize in Mathematics? No, ma'am. What do we have? Ma'am, we have Abel Prize. Who got it in 2022? Ma'am, Dennis Sullivan. Yeah. For what? I have forgotten that. What did he get? Contributions to the fields of topology and dynamical systems. What is topology, mathematics? Topology basically means like a chart basically where like we take according to which we can, it's basically architecture of any function or any problem where according to which the decisions or the output is decided. You come from Samasthipur. What is Samasthipur famous for? Ma'am, there's a Central University of Agricultural Research there. Okay. And ma'am, apart from this, in ancient times, ma'am, it was the part of the oldest democracy. Vaishali? It was the part of Samasthipur, was a part of that. Part of what? Sir, Vaishali. Vaishali. Oldest, you said. Yes. You didn't name Vaishali. Yeah. It's also got a Hindu-Muslim unity kind of monument there. What is it? Actually, I'm not aware of that. Kutni Beebe is Makbara? Yes, ma'am. Famous? Yes, ma'am. Everyone goes to it, right? Yes, ma'am. You have been there? No, ma'am. Okay. Samasthipur ma'am is my birthplace. I have lived most of that part of my life in Begu Sarai. Okay, okay. All right. You have given IFS as your option of foreign service, right? Yes, ma'am. What attracts you to the foreign service? I mean, if you get it, you have of course given it as fifth. Yes. But if you got it? Ma'am, it's a very dynamic and very important job for, like, especially the responsibility it has, it has hinged India's diplomacy, India's diplomatic power and external relations. They hinge on the IFS officers. Ma'am, if I get the opportunity, ma'am, it will be very great for me to serve for the country at the highest level, like, ma'am. Okay. Now, when you come to the Indian-Russia war, which is engaging everybody's attention, Russia is the key supplier of oil and gas, right? Yes, ma'am. And now there are the sanctions which will soon be signed and put into effect, which will stop, you know, the European countries. What did Russia say two days ago that if you put these sanctions, I will divert my oil and gas. He has threatened also, yeah, counter threat. You stop my imports, then I am going to export to the, you stop to the west, then you export to? China and Ma'am. East, Asia and China. China is of course the biggest user of these things. So he has said that and he's already, they've got pipelines, isn't it, from Russia to? No, Nord Stream pipelines. No, Nord Stream is this side. Europe. This is Russia to China also. There are pipelines that supply oil and gas to China. So now tell me something about what is India's foreign policy, just five goals, main goals. Overall, India has always been a supporter of rules based international order. It always has put focus on dialogue negotiation, dialogue and negotiation and immediate cessation of any form of violence or conflict. Ma'am, third, it wows on Ma'am justice. Basically, like, for example, like climate justice, like it should be like who is responsible should take more responsibility and who are not like third world countries should be less responsible for that. And Ma'am, India wants to be of world prosperity, like Vasudev Kutumbakam, the principal which he has followed, like world is a family and Ma'am, fifth, it would be territorial sovereignty and mutual respect of borders should be there. These are some of its goals. Recently, our prime minister had a virtual meeting with, very important, it was 2 plus 2 and you know it's going on with whom? USA. What were the main points that emerged after this? Ma'am, the few points which... Significant, yeah. Ma'am, it has come out that USA has understood clearly that India's position, India's... Why India is like a slow bit, like not that harsh on Russia, what are India's interests with Russia? And Ma'am, they have understood, they cannot sanction India for oil and gas because India has clearly stated its stances and its interests, what is there? Okay, thank you. Sir, thank you. I have been heard of RERA. Sir, RERA, the Real Estate Regulation Act. What is it? What are the broad features? Sir, it basically was enacted to regulate the real estate sector to protect the interests of the consumers, like who are the buyers. How does it ensure this? Sir, first of all, it has created a state-level authority in each state where complaints can be filed. And sir, like in this... So there's a provision that if the position, whatever the date it has been specified for giving the position, it should not be delayed. If it is delayed, sir, then whoever is the seller, then he has to pay compensation for that. There's also another provision which starts with this, with which it starts, which is basically that every builder has to register himself along with his agents. That is the identification for each one of them. That's where it all starts. Okay, sir. Have you heard of the Rosary Act in the context of Jammu and Kashmir? Sir, actually I'm not exactly aware of that. I can faintly, sir, like it was for land acquisition related. Land acquisition? Exactly, sir. I'm not aware of the details. Can you find out? And lately, the Home Minister had made certain remarks about Hindi as a language. Can you explain and throw some light on what is it that he said and what did it lead to? Sir, basically he wanted Hindi to become the link language and the compulsory teachings in schools. It can lead, sir, like southern states have again protested that they don't want any imposition of Hindi language and similarly, the north-eastern states have also protested against it. Have you heard of Parampeer Singh? Yes, sir. Who is he? Sir, he was the commissioner of police of Mumbai. What is happening in his case? Sir, he's currently, sir, out of country. He's been declared fugitive currently. Sir, there was allegations against him of corruptions and especially in that Sachin Vajay case. The case is under investigation by the state government or the CBI? Sir, if I'm not wrong, it's with CBI. And what is the issue regarding Akhasta, West, Atlantic and the whole of it? Yes, sir. The deal was related to attack helicopters which India wanted to purchase. Sir, there is one allegation like that. There was a middleman, I'm forgetting his name, that he took commissions for forwarding this deal and pressing it for the final conclusion. Some senior level officers have also been arranged in this? Sir, I'm not aware of these details. Okay, Janab. Rahul Anand. Yes. I want to ask you about status of China vis-a-vis these semiconductors fabrication. What is Moore's law first? Sir, Moore's law states that, sir, like the prices of the chips or the semiconductor, what we call semiconductor chips will, sir, decrease after every four or five years. It is not about price. Try again. Sir. It is number of transistors on a microchip. Yes, sir. Sorry, sir. Thank you for that. Ajay, what is the status of China? So, China is, sir, among the one of the leading manufacturing factories. No, they are importing 300 million worth of semiconductors every year. The leading is not there, but still you elaborate how, what are they doing actually in semiconductors? They are also trying to, like what India is trying to sort of build up a semiconductor industry. Yes. They are also trying to build, sir, because they have a huge manufacturing outside, like they are one of the huge manufacturers of smartphones, laptops. So therefore, they want to end their dependency on other companies. So what are they doing for that? Sir, exactly I'm not aware, but sir, they must be like setting up, giving incentives and setting a tactic. What is the size of semiconductor microchip? They can manufacture in their factory, which is known as SMIC, semiconductors manufacturing international corporation. What is the minimum they can do? Sir, exactly not aware sir, but if, Approximately. Sir, like 10 nanometer. Sir, 10 nanometer. Hi, you are very near, it is 15 nanometers. Why do they need so small ones these days? What for? Smaller the size of sir, there's chips on them. Many more transistors can be accommodated on a single chip. There is one, secondly? Sir, secondly sir, the processing, like if on a given space, there are more transistors and will provide more transistors. Miniaturization. Miniaturization of equipment. Okay. Now, who are the major countries from market share of semiconductors from top to down? Sir, the biggest manufacturing. Yes sir, the biggest manufacturer is TSMC in Taiwan. Sir, around 60% of the global manufacturing is done by the single company of Taiwan. And sir, second is South Korea. I thought it was America which has 50% share of the world market. And Taiwan actually is only fabrication unit. It does supply to 92% of the microchips to all over the world. So, how many types of factories you have then? Sir, broadly sir. One is just which design? Yes sir. And? The second would be sir, like which manufacturers are basically the which fabricates in. And third would be sir, which assembles it. And third maybe, which does both design as well as fabrication? Fabrication. And sir, one more can be sir, which assembles it. What are, what is India's status? Sir, India currently is only I would say assembler. India is trying to become a manufacturer and it has also announced policy regarding this. What is that policy? Sir, it's a DLI. Sir, some measures actually. Yes sir. One is a DLI scheme, designing the incentive scheme. Okay. Then? Sir, then sir, it's an PLI scheme also sir, it has given like a incentive. No, no, no. I said then, what else? They have announced 10 billion dollar of assistance for India semiconductor vision. And there are three measures read about it. December 21 it was announced. So if your interview is over, we'll give you a feedback. Thank you sir. How do you evaluate yourself after the question and answer is over? Sir, I gave two, three wrong answers which I thought. Sir, I gave two, three wrong answers which I thought. Doesn't matter. Overall say out of 100, where do you put your answer? Sir, around 60. 60. Yes sir. Okay. That's not bad. We'll interview. We'll advise you a few things. Your, again, expression should be very clear and distinct. There is no hurry as such, but it also doesn't mean that you keep on thinking and then go slow. Before mirror, do some exercise. Read out two page, three page, five page. Work harder. Some six to eight hours a day because you are left with not many days. Okay. Try to understand things which you have not understood. Go through the CD which will be given very carefully and see where you could have done better. Better in the sense, not in terms of the, you know, you know, information or anything, but in terms of the understanding of the subject. Sure. Okay. Then we say that, you know, read newspapers. Which paper do you need? Read. Sir, the Hindu and Indian Express. Hindu and? Indian Express. Both. Good. And try to understand what they write in the editorials and opinion page. And the news also is important because every day, a lot of things are happening, isn't it? Yes sir. In our country, outside country, and you have to understand that. You see, mere knowing is not enough. Understanding is a must. Yes. We find you quite bright and most likely, you will make it. And be careful about your dress. For example, this, this is small. Yes sir. This should have been removed before you came here. Sir, just outside the room, I came to know sir about this. Okay. So, then we also recommend this Wikipedia to our candidates. Wherever you find a difficult term, phrase being used to do refer to Wikipedia, they are very authentic. And where they are not authentic, they will say, edit. Okay. Yes sir. Then we also recommend a Veon channel. I do watch that. You do read here 9 to 10, that particular bulletin. Yes sir. I will grab it as a bunch of. Then Shekhar Gupta has given. Clear the clutter. Cut the clutter. Yes sir. Okay. These are the things that come to, then I to I contact, you are very good. You are doing exactly what you are expected to do. And one or two things more we will, don't feel guilty or you know, don't hesitate if you are not able to answer some questions. Nobody can answer all the questions. You know it very well. Yes sir. So don't hesitate. And there is a tendency to repeat the question, you know. We say which are the most powerful countries in the world. So there is a tendency to say, most powerful countries are one, two, three, four. Give the answer directly. Okay sir. Russia, China, whatever you say, are the most powerful countries sir. And there should be, you know, when you speak, you know, there should be, there should be an emphasis on something. And some part of the sentence need not be emphasized. Otherwise your expression is good. You are alert. Your IQ is good. And if you have to ask something, you tell us. So like the questions I gave wrong, like Moore's law, I just confused and gave wrong answer. Moore's law says that number, the number of transistors on a microchip will keep on doubling every two years. Yes. Every two years. Sir, I was like aware but sir, on the question. It is all right. That's what I said. Nobody can know each and everything. And it also says that it will add to the efficiency of the system, obviously. And the capacity of the, you know, instrument is the bathroom. So that, then read a little bit of Shreemad Bhagavad Gita. Read it from Wikipedia only. Otherwise, you know, 18 chapters. Bhagawan Sri Krishna, so read it. If you are interested in the BBC world, then watch it. Otherwise, forget it. Sir, like the voice, I think I was speaking today a little low. Like you have to. Sir, voice. Okay. A little louder. Would I be helpful? But otherwise, audible. It's not as if it was, you know, we have had candidates who were just bubbling and we had to work our ears. That it was not the case. But it's a little bit of good voice though. Sir. But be confident with your body language and your gestures are all normal. And I think you should do well. And the advantage is you have age on your side. Yes. The way, young. Your... UPSC rooms will be smaller. So you won't see a seat that far. The chairperson, to here, to here. And you will sit very near. You won't have the distraction of the AC running behind. But be confident and we wish you... I think you have a very, very bright chance. Read something about... In any case, you know, what we are saying here is only representative. It's not as if the same questions are going to be asked. Yes. It's only to draw your attention to a range of subjects which are likely to be discussed. And how you respond to them. And in many of the cases, there are no... a set cast iron, the right or wrong answers. Good. All the best. Thank you, sir. All the best, sir. You'll make it. First attempt. You'll break the record from Begu Sarai. How so? You're going back only. What is playing on it? Delhi is preparing. No, sir. I'm staying in Delhi in preparing. Okay. Till the interview. Yes, sir. Go ahead. Thank you, sir. Thank you, ma'am. Thank you, sir.