 So we look at the future of energy. There's a lot of, you know, invention that could happen. For example, I work on batteries. There are a lot of materials changed inside the batteries you need to take care of. They shorten the battery life. You cannot do as many charging, discharging cycles. They don't last that long over years. The challenging is how do you design the right materials to make them last longer? For electric cars, you need energy density. That's how much energy you store per unit weight or volume of the batteries to be higher. The second very important thing is the cost, the price. So if we could cut a cost by about half, I think we will be there. Energy storage for renewables integrated together with electrical grid. That's another challenge we are facing. If you think about for grid-scale storage, you want 20, 30 years of lifetime. So every day if you do one cycle, you can calculate with 30 years. You roughly need 10,000 cycles of batteries lasting for 30 years. So we don't have batteries yet which can do such a long cycle life. That's number one challenge we are facing. Number two is you still need a cost to be very low. But our battery cost certainly is not there yet. And then you also need them to be safe. This really brings out a challenge. How do you design your batteries? What's the materials in there? You made them intrinsically safe. I think these are exciting problems for us to work on in academia as well as in industry. I've been doing research on new materials for energy including solar cells. I think we should be very proud of the progress the whole world has made. If you look at 10 years ago, we are talking about several dollars per watt of power. Now you look at the cost coming down, I think we are getting there. We are already the same as the coal. Below 60 kWh will be cheaper than coal considering environmental impact as well. We need the materials to be low cost, high abundance. Our processing needs to be simplified. Our PV panel efficiency needs to go higher and higher. The next direction particularly related to me is to actually make the PV cell thinner, flexible, easier to be installed. I think this transition to renewable will take place in big scale next 10 to 15 years. In California right here we have 50% renewable requirement. These will be a great example to motivate the whole world to do the same.