 New classical compounds are combinations of two or more bound roots of classical origin. With the evolution of science, many Latin and Greek elements found their way into English. These combinations are formed by new mechanisms that differ from word formation with native stems, for example blackboard. New classical elements behave like stems, but often they appear only as bound forms. In geography, the first recorded neoclassical compound used in English, the two neoclassical elements are geo and graphy, but neither of them can be used independently, since they are both affixes. Neoclassical elements tend to appear not only in combinations with one another, but also with native English words. They may occur initially making pre-post compounds like in miniskirt, or finally making post-post compounds like in speedometer. In Greek and Latin grammar, combining bases usually require a thematic or stem-forming vowel. In biography from Greek, the thematic is O. In agriculture from Latin, it is E. Since English has no native thematic vowels, it imports elements like O, which hold bases together, like in speedometer. Most neoclassical compounds are endocentric, like a right-headed compound agoraphobia, which is a type of phobia. Once a classical compound has been created, it typically becomes the foundation of a whole series of related words, for example, astrology, astrological astrologer.