 Well, my dear students, the course is Labour Policy Pakistan and the topic is status of treaty, a contract between states. The question is, what is meant by the term treaty? My dear students, treaty is a formal and binding written agreement entered into by states as per international law. Thirdly, treaty is a formal and binding agreement which states and regulates international law. What is international law? Go to the dictionary and search for the word law and see international law. You will find that international law deals with states. The sovereign states do not run the state. They make their own laws and implement the implementation mechanism. They make their own laws. A treaty may also be known as international agreement. It may also be known as protocol. My dear student, it may also be known as covenant. It may also be known as convention. It may also be known as pact or exchange of letters, etc. My dear students, regardless of the terminology, only instruments that are binding upon the parties are considered treaties subject to international law. A treaty is, as a matter of fact, binding under international law. If a state does not follow it, then penalties or sanctions can be imposed upon it and this happens in international law. Now let's move on to discuss what is international law. International law is also known as public international law and it is also known as law of nations. These set of rules, norms and standards are based on the court which the states accept and oppose. My dear students, international law gives normative guidelines, conceptual framework and guides states on how to become a part of civilisation. What is civilisation? Civilisation is a way of doing something in which everyone is considered civilised. International law establishes that globally civilised way of living should be adopted. International law deals with war, diplomacy issue, trade and human rights. International law aims to establish the practice of stable, consistent and organised international relationships amongst the state. Now let's move on to discuss what are the sources of international law. My dear students, international law's sources are from international customs, treaties and general principles of law are recognised by most national legal systems of the countries. Dear students, what is law of treaties? The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties is an international agreement regulating treaties between states and it is also known as the Treaty on Treaties. It is established comprehensive parameters, it establishes comprehensive rules, procedure and guidelines for how treaties are defined, drafted, amended, interpreted and generally operated. My dear students, this very Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties is considered a codification of customary international law and state practices concerning treaties. My dear students, you would be enlightened to know that the Convention was adopted and opened to signature on 23rd May 1969. It has been ratified by 116 states as of January 2018. My dear students, the Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties is regarded as one of the most important instruments in treaty law and remains an authoritative guide in disputes over treaty interpretation. Hope you have understood the topic. Thank you very much indeed.