 The results of this study suggest that the minimum dietary diversity score, MDDS, among lactating mothers in the pastoralist community, Ethiopia is low. This indicates that these mothers are not consuming a variety of foods which could lead to poor health outcomes for themselves and their children. Furthermore, the study found that paternal education, maternal meal frequency and ANC follow-up were associated with higher MDDS scores. Thus, interventions targeting these factors may help increase the MDDS among lactating mothers in the pastoralist community, Ethiopia.