 Hemoproteus parasites are a group of single-celled organisms that infect birds and cause disease. They belong to the apicomplexa family, which includes malaria parasites. These parasites have a complex life cycle, involving both free living and host-associated stages. In this study, researchers investigated five hemoproteus majories lineages in a variety of bird species. They identified the lineage HCWT4 as a new species and observed that all lineages shared similar morphological features. Additionally, they found that the exoriphocytic stages of these lineages were similar, but differed slightly from those of other lineages. Furthermore, they noted that the sites of infection vary between lineages, with the kidney being the most common site of infection. This article was authored by Melanie Doek, Tanya Himmel, Joseph Harle, and others.