 Namaste, welcome to the 12th session of our course, Yog and Positive Psychology for Managing Career and Life. In this session, we are going to discuss the means to surpass the obstacles on the way of attaining well-being. And as the nature of this course is, we are going to examine this question from the yogic perspective. In the last session, we discussed about how our mind works because that is the prerequisite to understand the ways of attaining happiness and experiencing well-being in life. So, we discussed about how mind works, we discussed about the vratis, precisely the five vratis or mind modifications explained in the yogic tradition. We also looked at how these mind modifications can be clashed and are clashed, can be cause of suffering or may not be cause of suffering. We also looked at what are the major impediments, what are the major obstacles in attaining well-being in the form of different viparayas. We also discussed six viparayas or viparayas which are the major obstacles in achieving well-being, those are avidya, asmita, ragdvesh and avinvesh. We discussed the nature of these obstacles and we also tried to reflect on our own life as we experienced at workplace with our friends or in family how these viparayas are causing unrest or causing suffering in our life. Today, we are going to discuss how to avoid these clashed vratis. So, Yogasutra suggests that precisely two ways are there to avoid the vratis to get clashed or to make mind modification becoming cause of suffering. What are those two things? Those two things are abhiyas and vairagya, abhiyas, vairagya, vhyam, tannirodha, that can be obstructed, that can be removed. What suffering or clashed vratis can be removed through abhiyas and vairagya. Abhiyas is practice, constant practice, regular practice, being regular and continuous in our practice, that is abhiyas and vairagya is non-attachment to things which obstruct in the practice. So, abhiyas is the term which is very much applicable and probably all of us can understand if you look at music, sports, studies, technology, entrepreneurship, any walks of life, it requires practice. In fact, there are certain professions where professional activity itself is called practice, practice of law or practice of medicine, etc. So, practice means regularly and continuously working on something. If it is Yog, then in the Yog it is said that there are no holidays and not that if you have started practicing the Yog, there will be holidays on Sundays or gadget holidays, etc. No, we need to practice regularly even if on some days we are not able to do the full practice but some short practice must be conducted, must be performed and that must be continuously done. So, abhiyas is the first thing and second thing is vairagya. Vairagya means detachment. Vairagya is opposite to rag, you remember rag and dvesh. It is opposite to rag as well as opposite to dvesh. It is about ability to detach from any vishayas, any sensuous pleasure or ability to detach from any psychological gratification, any ability to get detached with our asmita, our ability to get detached from our ignorance. Actually, ability to get detached with our set theories and ideas is also part of vairagya. Vairagya meaning I am aware to examine things as they are. Vairagya meaning my purpose in life is well-being, integral harmony, career success or maybe samadhi as that is the ultimate objective of yoga. In the process of attaining that objective which is niti sangat and dharma sangat in order to achieve that objective, if I have to detach from something, if I have to detach from any sensuous pleasure or emotional connect or if I have to get rid of my aversion for certain things or some people, but if that is required for well-being, that is required for the dharmic purpose, I am willing to let go my preconceived notion and attachment. Abhiyas in Vairagya can be also defined in terms of extrinsic effort and intrinsic effort. Abhiyas is pretty visible outside. You wake up at the right time, you take the right food, you take the appropriate amount of food at appropriate time, you practice regularly all that is validated externally. So, abhiyas is the practice or effort which is visible externally. Vairagya is more intrinsic situation. Vairagya is more intrinsic effort and when Vairagya happens and when Vairagya happens, external practices start happening naturally. They do not require much of effort. As per the Vyasa commentary, we have mentioned about the Vyasa Bhashya of the Yoga Sutra. The Vyasa commentary says that mind is like river which flows into riverine. Chitna dhi that is the term used in the Vyasa Bhashya of the Yoga Sutra and Chitna dhi, nadi meaning river, chit meaning mind. So, mind is like river which has two dharas, two riverine. One riverine flows in the direction of welfare and that is the true welfare that is samadhi or well-being. Other riverine flows towards suffering. The importance of abhiyas and Vairagya is to direct the chitna dhi, direct the river of this mind towards welfare and well-being. These are the two principles. These two principles are also very well recognized and explained in the Bhagavad Gita by Bhagawan Krishna to the Arjun. When Arjun asks that it is very difficult to control our mind, chanjalam hi manah krishna that is what Arjun says. Bhagavad Gita says, Sri Krishna says that yes, it is correct that manam is chanja, man is chanja. Yes, the mind happens to be by its nature is fluctuating, but it can be controlled through abhiyas and Vairagya. So, Bhagavad Gita talks also about, Bhagavad Gita also mentions about these two things. The next question is, how I practice abhiyas and Vairagya? What is the meaning of abhiyas and Vairagya in more behavioral terms, more in terms of my emotions, more in terms of my mental states? So, the question is what kind of mental states are required for us to remain established in abhiyas and Vairagya?