 Hello and welcome back to another episode of Physics Partner. Today we are diving into the physics behind the Ruby Laser. The Ruby Laser was first demonstrated in 1960 by Theodore Mayman, making it the first laser to operate successfully. Mayman used a synthetic ruby crystal as the gain medium to amplify light. This groundbreaking achievement paved the way for many more advancement in laser technology. The structure of a ruby laser is quite simple yet effective. It consists of a ruby rod as the gain medium, a high intensity flash lamp to excite the atoms in the rod and mirrors at each end of the rod to create a resonant cavity. The ruby rod is typically surrounded by a cooling system to prevent overheating during operation. When the flash lamp is triggered it emits a burst of intense light that excites the chromium atoms in the ruby rod. This causes the atoms to release energy in the form of photons, resulting in a coherent beam of laser light. The mirrors at each end of the rod reflect the light back and forth, amplifying it further with each pass. Eventually a power laser beam is emitted through one of the mirrors. The ruby laser has found numerous applications in various fields. In medicine it is used for tattoo removal, eye surgery and skin treatments. In industry it is used for cutting, welding and making materials. In research it is used for spectroscopy and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. The ruby laser has proven to be a versatile tool with a wide range of applications. In conclusion the physics behind the ruby laser is truly fascinating from its historical significance as the first successful laser to its modern applications in various industries. The ruby laser has made a significant impact on science and technology. So I think it's enough for today. So thank you very much for listening and watching. I hope you enjoyed the video. I hope this video is useful for you. So take care of yourself and don't hesitate to write an email if you have any questions, queries, suggestions and even classes are required. Take care of yourself meanwhile. See you in the next video. Goodbye.