 Marine kelp forests provide a wide range of ecological and economic benefits to humans, including fisheries production, nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. The total value of these services ranges from 0.4 billion to 7.1 billion per year globally, depending on the species of kelp. Kelp forests are particularly important for fisheries production, providing up to 0.9 billion worth of fish annually. Additionally, kelp forests play a critical role in removing nitrogen from the environment, which can be valued at 0.8 billion per year. Finally, kelp forests are effective at storing carbon dioxide, which can be valued at 0.91 billion per year. Taken together, these services represent a significant economic and environmental benefit to humanity. This article was authored by Aaron M. Ager, Ezekiel M. Marzanelli, Rodrigo B. Zluna, and others.