 Stiatoria is the presence of bulky, fatty, greasy stools due to malabsorption of lipids. So, first there can be problem in bile salts. So, if there are less bile salts, it will lead to stiatoria. So, how can this occur? So, either there can be decrease in synthesis of the bile salts. So, you know that bile salts are synthesized in the liver. So, liver diseases like cirrhosis can cause stiatoria. Then there can be decrease in release of the bile salts via the bile depths. So, if there is a problem in the bile depths like primary biliris cirrhosis. So, cholestatic diseases will cause stiatoria. Then there can be decreased enterohepatic circulation of the bile salts. As I told that most of the bile salts are reabsorbed back in the terminal helium. So, if there is a restriction of the helium that will also lead to stiatoria. Then there can be an inflammatory disease of the small intestine. So, sometimes Crohn's disease will also lead to stiatoria. Plus there is something known as critical miscellar concentration. So, here critical miscellar concentration that the concentration of bile salts which are required for micelle formation. Only if it is in a certain concentration these micelles will form. And this critical micelle concentration is lesser for conjugated bile salts. So, the ones which are released from liver are conjugated. So, for them critical micelle concentration is less. But if there is certain disease which deconjugates the bile salts. So, there is something known as bacterial overgrowth syndrome. So, bacteria actually deconjugate the bile salts. So, this critical micelle concentration rises because unconjugated bile salts have a higher critical micelle concentration. So, this will affect the carrying of the digested products to the intestinal cell. So, that also leads to stiatoria. So, these are the various causes that decrease in bile salts can cause malabsorption of the lipids. Now, let us move on to the causes which can affect the digestion of the lipids. Now, we already know that the most important enzyme for digestion is pancreatic lipase. So, if this enzyme is deficient. So, quantity is less of the enzyme that can happen in pancreatic disease that is the chronic pancreatitis. Plus, there can be certain problem where the lipase is present, but it is inactivated. As I have already told this that this lipase acts in pH greater than it. So, suppose there is hypersecretion of gastric acid as in Zollinger elicins syndrome or they can be gastric adenoma. So, that can lead to inactivation of this pancreatic lipase. So, either the quantity of the lipase is less or it is inactivated, both will lead to ineffective digestion of the lipids and helps malabsorption. Okay. Now, they can also be problems in the absorption of the lipids. So, all these other phases may be normal, but they can be problem in the absorption of the lipids. So, what can be that causes? So, for absorption, we want that the products of digestion should enter the cell, there should be re-esterification that is the formation of triglycerides. Then, they should combine with the beta lipoproteins to form chylomicrons which should enter into the lymphatics. So, any problem here entering, then a combination with the beta lipoproteins and entering into the lymphatics can occur which can lead to the malabsorption of the lipids. So, here any mucosal disease like celiac disease, so mucosal disease can affect the absorption. Then, there is another disease, a beta lipoproteinemia that is deficiency of beta lipoproteins that can also cause malabsorption. It is quite rare, but still we should be aware of it. And third, there can be a problem with the lymphatics. So, abnormal lymphatics that there is lymphenjectasia that also can lead to steatoria. So, in simple terms, if you know about the digestion absorption of the lipids, you can think about what can be the causes of the steatoria. So, there can be problem with the bile salts. There can be problem in the digestion and there can be problem in the absorption. So, thanks for watching the video. If you liked it, do like and share the video. And don't forget to subscribe to the channel Physiology Open. Thank you.