 Dear students, in this topic we shall discuss animal orientation and its types, kinases and taxes. Animal orientation is defined as the ability of an animal to determine its position in space and move predictably with respect to specific stimuli. Let us have a few examples of animal orientation. If you fall down, then the response of its forwarding will be to stand up, that is, orient against gravity. Similarly, many animals show orienting or orientation towards incoming light. Many animals also show acoustic orientation, that is, similarly, many animals also show olfactory orientation, that is, toward a certain type of smell. Dear students, animal orientation has sensory motor basis. It is a complex process which requires integration of sensory input and coordination of motor output. The input-output integration includes receiving information through sensory receptor neurons. Then, processing and correlating them in the central nervous system. The central nervous system forms the response and this response is performed through muscles that cause the orienting movement. Dear students, orienting movements are of two types, kinases and taxes. Kinases is defined as a change in activity or turning rate of an animal in response to a change in location. A better example of kinases is found in so bugs which respond to the variation in humidity. They move more rapidly in dry environment or dry areas and become slow in humid areas. Where they are happy, they move very rapidly and when they enter humid environment, they become slow. Actually, they survive better in humid areas. Therefore, rapid movement in dry environment is significant for survival because the survival rate of dry environment is less. So, they move very rapidly in dry environment so that they move faster in humid areas and in moist areas. In moist areas, survival rate is higher and therefore, they become slow. This is an example of kinases. Now, Texas. Texas is defined as an oriented movement towards or away from a specific stimulus. An example of Texas is shown by river fishes. For example, trout which swim or orient in an upstream direction. The direction where the water is coming from, they move towards it. If the water is coming from here, then their movement will be upstream. This upstream movement or direction that helps keep the fish from being swept away, from drowning or the sea of water is high and they also sit with it and go into deep waters. This will save them from this movement against the stream. This factor also keeps them facing towards the direction of incoming food. Food is also sitting with water and their face is on that side. Therefore, they get better food. This behavior is important for survival and adaptation. Similarly, the approaches of Texas show positive and negative photo-taxes. Because they move away from the source of light.