 the development of language at pre-school level dear students, me jis module mein aapte pre-school children mein language development ke baare mein baat karne hain pre-school children are not little automatons each following exact lock-step stages of development so every child is not automatic in fact he follows certain stages in terms of language development and instead each child is listening the language of his or her environment since most of the relationship is with his environment he is with his caregivers he listens from there and this is the start of the process of language development and then he tries to figure out how to say what he or she wants to say so whatever he listens to the words and sounds and then he produces the sounds first and then travels towards the words still there are some patterns that are now becoming clear so those are some steps that are becoming clear with the passage of time according to the time cell, the following steps that the child follows so most children below the age 3 in both production and comprehension do not fully understand the subject, verb, object order meaning the sentence order in English is subject, verb and object so some children cannot follow it till the age of 3 so many sentence types used after age pre-learned with specific verb and only generalize to the language rules later in development so if we look at this picture if we look at the stages of language development then there is pre-production so in this there is a stage of sound production or words production and then there is silent period, then there is early production and there are simple phrases that the child speaks and then there is basic user, then there is independent user and then there is proficient user so this is from the birth of the child you can understand that after about 5 years i.e. when his school starts till then he becomes a proficient user of phrases for his native language in other words the rules may be learned one word at a time one word i.e. in the beginning when the stage of sound production starts then they say one word at a time and children gradually begin to form abstract utterance level so this abstract utterance level starts later and construction by creating analogy among utterances so between utterances the structures of sentences words analysis or combination of sentences the learning process is simple to complex simple to or easy to difficult this is about teaching but learning is about first we learn easy things and then difficult words so children try to categorize whole utterance and linguistics they try to categorize it and constructions on the basis of functional interrelations among the components so between different language components interrelations they study they understand like sounds phonemes phonemes are words then if we talk about syntax grammatical semantics first we need to understand the meaning of words so this is a gradual process and gradually children learn abstract things gradually so different language development during 3-5 years they study the explanation of vocabulary so preschoolers continue to expand their vocabulary with a rapid pace so between children language vocabulary growth speed is very fast usually children learn 5-6 words and they reach up to 6 years they have learned about 6000 words so every year the age of the language then grammatical development along with this in preschoolers the age of the child increases sentences single words double words telegraphic stage third 3 words so in this way complex sentence structure is also learned grammatical rules are applied so then grammatical development is also there and it connects ideas through classes and through conjection and interjection words then the next step is its pragmatic development so what are the pragmatics? they study of language and use so not only study language but also the context of the speaker so in social context language is studied they learn to take terms in conversation use polite language and adjust their language style in different situations for example the way they talk to parents they talk to their peers in different ways similarly the way they talk in class they talk to their friends at lunch in a different way so after this is narrative skills narrative skills pre-schoolers they develop this ability to tell stories narrative simrath so they learn to sequence of events use descriptive language in stories so in stories there is a sequence of events and in a descriptive way to develop stories and to tell stories next is multi-linguistic awareness so pre-schoolers develop ability to think about language and understand its properties so they learn different properties they begin to understand that language is made up of sounds, words and sentences so this is the nature of it and they can reflect on their own use of language so they can reflect on their language so this is a triangle these are the stages of language development we can express it so pre-verbal and early interactions next is attention and listening play understanding adult child interaction so this is a simple to complex movement from the bottom to the top and talking expressive language then pronunciation speech sounds so these are the sounds so pronunciation and specific speech sounds speech is made up of words so these are the kinds of sentences which are made up of classes so the child learns these words