 Sea level rise is a measurable difference in water level over time and directly contributing to that is of course climate change. So as the temperatures rise, all our ice caps melt and slowly the water level rises throughout the globe. And there are localized impacts of sea level rise. In Hampton Roads we are particularly vulnerable to coastal flooding. Hampton Roads region of Virginia is the second most heavily impacted region in the United States when we talk about sea level rise after of course New Orleans. We're standing here at the Hague part of Norfolk, Virginia which is in the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay in southeast Virginia. This area we'll see what we call blue sky flooding quite regularly where there's no storm event and so this water comes up over onto this side, water breaches the bulkhead, floods the area around it and the road behind me as well. A lot of my research at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science involves the development of physics-based hydrodynamic models. These models tell us where flooding is going to happen before it does, when and for how long. You'll see all these individual structures here, most of them near the waterfront are inundated. The information provided by NASA satellites mostly allows us to validate the accuracy of our model in terms of telling us where the flooding actually happened from space. The maps that come out of the models are really useful at showing the depth of water throughout the city at the street level so that we can you know just make better data driven decisions around the city. These are two standard active remote sensors. This is an example of a pressure transducer water sensor and what we've been trying to do is compare data like NASA satellite imagery to see how it compares to the accuracy that we're getting at the street level so when you put it all together it's very valuable. One of the main applications is really trying to see before these events happen where it's going to be the problem areas in our communities. Determine what roads need to be closed or intersections need to be closed when. Where these projects should be permitted. Will this building last the 30 year life of the standard mortgage? Our models as a representation of reality have to be as accurate as possible. The additional information from the NASA satellites, Landsat, Astro and MODIS really helps us calibrate our model. Having that regional water depth map really helps us in understanding what the future day to day looks like in Norfolk with sea level rise. It's a better understanding sea level rise will help you decide places where you may wish to work or live in the near future. It also helps you better understand specifically what your risk is inherent not just with flooding but also with the changes to our climate as our world continues to change either for the better or worse.