 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education and I am Dr. Rashmi Singh Assistant Professor Department of Education at Suskanna Girls Treaty College, University of Allahabad and this time I am going to discuss with you Swami Vivekanan's views on education or you can say Vivekanan's educational philosophy and the lecture will be in bilingual mode and it must be useful for all of you who are in general and particular to educational fraternity. Okay, so let's start. First of all, whenever we are doing BA, MA, BA education or BA remit, we sometimes have to read educational thinkers, educators, investors and Indians. So when we talk about Indian educators or thinkers, like Gandhi ji, Tagore, Vivekanan, so Swami Vivekanan's views are often asked to you and you should know in general that such a great thought has come to our earth, so we should be familiar with his thoughts in general. Okay, so let's start Swami Vivekanan. So we all know Vivekanan, maybe someone who is not familiar with his name but he has a short but very long life. So Swami Vivekanan, you must know that it is his 12th January date of birth, we also celebrate it as Yuvati Vast, because he wanted to promote it a lot with the power of Yuvati Vast. He had told us a lot about Yuvati Vast, how to live, what to do, so we should know his educational philosophy. So we will have many questions, you can answer them. In general, you will get motivation and if you have a course, your question will also be fulfilled. Okay, so Swami Vivekanan ji's life was very small, 1873 to 1902, a great thinker and reformer of India. It is said that he is one of the great thinkers and reformers of India. Embraces education, he has talked a lot about education, which for him signifies, if in one word you say that what is Vivekanan ji's education, then you can say that man-making education is there. So you have to correlate that Vivekanan ji's education is man-making. So what does man-making mean? Man-making, it does not mean that women-making is not there, it means in general it is called Manushika Nirman. Sorry, it's too, too, too cold today here, as the very mission of his life. He said that Manushika Nirman was the main goal of his life. What did he say? That the basic theme of his philosophy was the spiritual unity of the universe. Look, the thing is that he is doing man-making, but where does the philosophical theme come from? Spiritual unity of the universe. That is, the universe has a spiritual unity, which has its moorings in Vedanta and whose roots, whose roots we get in Vedanta. So, from Vedanta to Adhyatma, this man-making, this man-making, we are told that Manushika Nirman should be the goal of education, and the universe has a spiritual unity. And what did he say? Vivekanan realizes that mankind is passing through a crisis, and he realized that the humanity is going through a crisis, it is very difficult. Vivekanan seeks the solutions of all these social and global evils through education. And Vivekanan saw this and thought that all these social and global evils can be solved through education. This means that his solution is not in education. With this ending view, he feels the dire need of awakening man to his spiritual self, wherein he thinks lies the very purpose of education. And what does he say? What does he want from us? He said that the purpose of education should be that the human being should be aware of his spiritual self, and that he is connected to God in Brahmahand. So, if he is awakened, he will become aware and all the ignorance, all the evils, he will get rid of them. This was his main purpose, which we wanted to tell. Swami Vivekanan presented the truth to the whole world. We have all read about Vivekananji somewhere in our childhood and about Chicago. How much he brought India to the top of the world. And as he said, brothers and sisters, all the other poor people who were coming to speak, what did they say? Americans. Americans, right? They were speaking like this. Brothers and sisters. He connected them. The whole wish of everyone is connected. Whose concept did he present there? The concept of Vasudha, the Kuttumbakam, which is the birth of India. He has told us that Vasudha is a whole family. The world is one family. It is the only beacon light for survival, growth and real progress of human society, particularly in this strife-torn world of today. That means that every place is so crowded, and everything is going on. If we consider the whole Vasudha as a family, what is the concept of a family? That you will live together and support each other's happiness and sorrow. Right? So this concept of India is brought to the top of the whole world. So this is a small sign of, you can say, introduction. Then we have the main concern with the views of education. According to Swami Vivekananda, education is that which liberates. They are saying that education is the one that frees. All the knowledge or it frees. The knowledge is the one that frees. Who frees? That liberates one from negative tendencies and ignorance about one's real self. That means that we do not recognize our real self. The knowledge and our negative tendencies liberate us from that. That is how education should be. Hence education in Vivekananda's sense enables one to comprehend oneself within as the self everywhere. That means that everyone has it. It is the Anjhya, it is everyone's. And it is within us too. We should come through this awakening of education. The essential unity of the entire universe is realized through education. Who said that the essential unity of the entire universe is realized through education. Accordingly, man-making for swamiji stands for rousing man to the awareness of his true self. And their man-making means only that man can recognize his true self. True self means that he can recognize that he is within the Anjhya of God. However, education thus signifies, does not point towards the development of the soul in isolation from body and mind. And many times they say that our soul should not develop in the isolation of the body and mind. Body, mind and soul should develop in such a way. In its scheme of education, Swamiji lays great stress on physical health. You must have seen that all the statues and photos of Swamiji's body were very subtle and physical health. That is why he gives a lot of stress on physical health and says that a sound mind resides in a sound body. It is obvious that we are sick and we need to improve our body first. First we need to become stronger than our body. Then our mind can be sound, it can be good, it can be good. First we need to get rid of the physical weakness. He often quotes the Upanishadic dictum Naya Matma Baal Hineen Laabhayate. He said that is the self cannot be realized by the physically weak. Meaning that until we are physically weak, we cannot realize our self. So first we need physical strength, we need physical strength to be strong. However, along with physical strength, he haps on the need of paying special attention to the culture of the mind. According to Swamiji, the mind of the students has to be controlled and trained through meditation. I can understand his life in the 18th century. In 1902-1903, sorry. He died in 1902. So what time is he talking to us? I always say that whenever you think about it, you should look at the time of his country. At what time he is talking to people 100-200 years ahead of him. That is why he is being taught so far. He said that the mind of our students should be controlled and trained through meditation. Concentration and practice of ethical purity. All success in any line of work he emphasizes is the result of the power of concentration. Concentration which necessarily implies detachment from other things. What is happening on the TV, on the mobile, on Facebook, on Twitter, etc. We have to think about it as well. We need detachment from other things. Constitutes are part of Brahmacharya. Which is one of the guiding motives of his scheme of education. Brahmacharya was a strong motto for his scheme of education. He said that detachment is important for other things. This can only come from concentration and we can get concentration through meditation. What else did he say? To quote him, education is not the amount of information that is put into your brain and runs right there undigested all your life. Education for him means that process by which character is formed, strength of mind is increased and intellect is sharpened. He is saying that education increases the strength of our mind, our intellect as a result of which one can stand on one's feet. The result of this is that the person stands on one's feet. That means that he can find a job, run his own farm, and provide for his family. He can follow the rules well. The training by which the current and expression of will are brought under control and become fruitful is called education. He said that education is that training through which we are brought under control by current and expression of will. We don't need to learn to control everything that comes into our mind, we need to learn to control it. Which will we have to express, which we don't have to do. And what is fruitful? This is the lesson. He wanted to reintroduce value-based education by human values in people. He wanted value-based education to be reintroduced. He said that education should cover all parts of life. He didn't say that education is influenced only by spiritual development. He is saying physical development, intellectual development. Even he is talking about material development. Emotional development, moral development. Education must be the all-round development of personality. So, everyone should be able to develop something that should be part of education. His teachings were based on Ramakrishna's spiritual teachings of the Divine Manifestation. You must know that Ramakrishna became the disciple of Paramhansa. So, his teachings are based on his spiritual teachings. He preached philosophies, spiritualism and principles of Vedant. He was taught and educated that service to living means being service to God. He said that service to man is the life service to God. So that the downtrodden who need it can be served. We should learn this through education. If we talk about educational philosophy, we get a blend of three types of philosophy. Idealism, naturalism and pragmatism. If we look at naturalistic viewpoints, they say that real education is possible only through nature and natural propensities. This is what naturalistic viewpoints tell us. That education should be given to us through nature. Idealist viewpoints say that aim of education is to develop the child with moral and spiritual qualities. They have not even left pragmatism. They are saying that Western education should be adopted, technology, commerce, industry and science, so that we can get material prosperity. So we can say that the philosophy of Swami Vivekananda is a judicial blending of idealism, naturalism and pragmatism. We have to remember that the basis of Swami's philosophy is Advayat. We should always keep in mind which preaches unity and diversity. Advayat's foundation is the basis of his philosophy. Therefore, man-making for him means a harmonious development of the body, mind and soul. According to him, what does man-making education mean? We should understand that Manushka Nirmata which is a harmonious, i.e. a salmon which will have a complete development of the mind, mind and soul and body. Apart from this, what do we get in his educational philosophy? Vivekananda seems to agree with Fraubel. If you have read him somewhere, he agrees with the philosophy of Fraubel. He also stated that education should be conducive to the harmonious development of a person's life. And that the evolution of nature reveals itself in the evolution of the human mind. Again, like Fraubel, as he says, it should be an integrated development of human beings who can lead a life of harmony and peace through which they can live a peaceful and peaceful life. Swami Ji says, we want to become harmonious beings with the psychical, spiritual, intellectual and active sides of our nature, equally developed. He believes that man should develop in the form of a living being that his psyche, his mind, his intellect, his working or active side should be of equal development. Vivekananda's philosophy of education has been supported by that of Ravindranath Tagore. Ravindranath Tagore, GB, also says that the highest education is that the highest education is that which does not merely give us information. It will not only give us information or information but it will also give us the power to establish our lives as well as our diseases. So, how do we study all this? What should be the method of education according to Vivekananda? He draws our attention to the fact that the task of the teacher is only to help the child. You must have read that education is the perfection of a man which is already inherent in it. Vivekananda's definition of education has been very popular. It means that everything is not within the child. What do you have to do with your education? You just have to take it out. You have to make it aware that you are so powerful. He draws our attention to the fact that the task of the teacher is only to help the child. We only have to help the teacher so that he can manifest his knowledge by removing the obstacles in his way. We have to remove obstacles in his way. In his words, Dasvedan says that within man is all knowledge. We have all the knowledge. Even in a boy, it is so and it requires only an awakening and that much is the work of a teacher. The task of the teacher should be just like that. Vivekananda's spelling is wrong. Method of education resembles the heuristic method of the modern educationist. Modern educationists also say that learn from the heuristic method, learn from the scientific method, give the child a problem and help him in solving the problem. Pressure his way, but let him do it himself. In this system, the teacher invokes the spirit of inquiry in the pupil who is supposed to find out things for himself under the bias-free guidance of the teacher. That means the teacher will only help him. The facilitator will be successful and the child will find himself. Although Swamiji is of the opinion that mother tongue is the right medium for social and mass education, he prescribes the learning of English and Sanskrit also. Why did he say that mother tongue is the right language to learn from the teacher? And especially, the master has a good understanding of the education of the master. The master has a good understanding of the education of the mother tongue. That's why he is a part of the education. But he prescribes the learning of Sanskrit and English mother tongue. Then, what did he say about the curriculum? Vivekananda's method of education meticulously includes all those studies which are necessary for the all-round development of the body, mind and the soul of the individual. We understood it in such a long time that he is talking about the integrated development So, all those things that are necessary for this, they included it in their curriculum. They said that they should study physical culture, aesthetics, fine arts, classics, language, religion, science and technology. According to Swamiji, the cultural values of our country should form an integral part of the curriculum of education. Now, NEP 2020 has come after 200 years. They are saying that you should stay connected to our ethos, culture, roots and advancement. Swamiji, this has also been said 200 years ago. The culture of India has its roots in her spiritual values. The time-tested values are to be imbibed in the thoughts and lives of the students through the study of the classics. They are saying that if our culture is so rich, then Ramayana, Mahabharata, Gita, Ved and Upanishad should also be taught to children. So that they can imbibed their roots. This will keep the perennial flow of our spiritual values into the white culture. Okay. At last, but not the least, one of the women's education people talked about. Another important aspect of Swamiji's scheme of education is women's education. He realizes that if the women of our country get the right type of education, then they will be able to solve their own problems in their own way. He said that if the students are educated, they can find solutions to their problems. The main objective of his scheme of female education is to make them strong, fearless and conscious of their chastity and duty. He observes that although men and women are equally competent in academic matters, he says that men and women are equally competent. For how many years have we been living in this illusion that women are intellectually inferior to men? Yet women have a special aptitude and competence for studies related to the home and family. He said that because of this, the issues related to the home and family are also included in their education. This was his viewpoint. Okay. So, if we want to conclude Swamiji's views on education, then how will we do it? The exposition and analysis of Vivekananda's scheme of education brings to light its constructive, practical and comprehensive character. That is, according to him, the history of education should be prayagik, should be bhyapak and should be sanrachanatma. He realizes that it is only through education that the uplift of the masses is possible. He felt this and told us that if we want to improve the lives of the human beings, then only education is the only way. He strives to harmonize the traditional values of India with the new values, brought through the process of science and technology. Meaning, at that time, he is understanding the importance of science and technology and he is going to include them in the process. That we have to take them along with our traditional values. So, how did Jawaharlal Nehruji quote him? That, rooted in the past and full of pride in India's prestige, Vivekananda was yet modern as an approach of life. Meaning, in our past, he has been connected to our roots, he is also feeling pride in that, but despite that, Vivekananda was so well-mannered that he used to adopt a new approach. And it was a kind of bridge, and it was a kind of work of Sethu between the past of India and her present. His mission was the service of mankind through social service. He said that service to man is equivalent to service of God. So, for the service of mankind, he had a mission of social service. He talked about mass education, religious revival and social awakening through education. Apart from this, when UNESCO was established, what did the federal director general of UNESCO say? He said, I am indeed struck by the similarity of the constitution of the Ramakrishna Mission, which Vivekananda established as early as in 1897, with that of UNESCO drawn up in 1945. Meaning, he is saying that in 1945, the UNESCO establishment, I am able to tell him that, 58 years ago, Vivekananda, 48 years ago, this work was established by Ramakrishna Mission. What is the similarity between the two? Both plays the human being at the centre of their efforts. The basic of the mission is that we have to keep the human being in the centre. Aim that development. Meaning, it should be developed. Both plays tolerance at the top of the agenda for building peace and democracy. And both recognize the variety of human cultures and societies as an essential aspect of the common heritage. Meaning, we should understand how progressive they were. So, this is their basic philosophy. Meaning, philosophy is related to their values and values. They talk about unity in diversity. They talk about the spiritual unity of the universe. They talk about man-making education. They say, we have everything with the child. We just have to make him feel that you have so much wisdom, so much courage. So, he himself will achieve everything. Okay. So, happy winters to all of you. And thank you. And don't forget to like and subscribe my channel. Explore Education. Okay. Then from my side.