 Tonight's story is about a treasure fake or real. It's a real treasure captain kids. No for Henry Morgan Not even Henry Morgan's no pirates, huh? No pirates. Sorry. Well, what kind of treasure you're talking about freedom? So that's the treasure and that's the story The NBC University of the air presents we came this way a new historical series for our listeners at home and overseas With John W. Vander Cook as the narrator we present chapter six a story of the struggle for the freedom of men's minds in We came this way This is a story of men who have no statues or memorials built in their native land for the heritage of freedom that they left behind Has been betrayed The time is the year of our Lord 1509 Europa stands upon the threshold of a modern age the shadowy shape of the world to come looms large Men's minds question the cold gothic universe of the Middle Ages and their senses like an astonished caress Discover the beauties of Greek civilization a wind blows across Europe up from the Italian south bright and vigorous Up from the rich silken cities of Florence Genoa and Venice up from fabulous Rome It comes a reawakening a blossoming an emancipation of men's reason the wind brings a new learning a new philosophy Humanism a new expectancy a renaissance Europa's stares like Lazarus come from the dead only 16 years ago in 1492 an obscure sea captain discovered a new barbaric world Out of marble and division Michelangelo fashions his Moses in Rome Galileo's machine brings the heavens closer to the earth look there goes Veselius the anatomist in Rotterdam a Rasmus argues for the translating of the scriptures into the people's town Copernicus Holbein Albrecht Dürer Sebastian The year is 1509 and the place Germany 16th century Germany a crazy quilt of a land an idiot Tom Tatars of armed and suspicious cities under the sovereignty of the holy Roman Empire and its emperor Maximilian the first Who by the grace of God and powerful feudal princes rules this land But the wind blowing from the south is blowing strong here Driving the darkness from the minds of men raising the enormous question of man's relationship to man and Throughout this fragmentary patchwork Empire scholars arise seekers after truth and foremost among them stands John Roy Scholar teacher and humanist whose life was peaceful and filled with quiet study until his 54th year Yes, I repeat You my students are more fortunate than I But before you in all its promise lies the immense discovery of the world As the unknown sailor Columbus did you approach a new and varied shore Behind you like a cathedral built to the universality of God Rises the wisdom of the past Take that wisdom and with it widen the possibilities and hopes of man Treasure the holy languages of Greek and Hebrew through which God first spoke to us Spread the learning we have won from them treat it as the heritage of man Until we meet again my students God bless you all Man is hope and the bond between them Combined in an indescribable. What a time to be alive you loan me a golden Bayman. I promise. I'll pay you back Pepper corn Oh, it's you from what brings you to the enemy pepper corn a love of the new learning my brother No, no, wait, don't go. I have no time to waste with poets and scrimmers. I have things to do So have we all Some for honesty pepper corn and some for treachery. I Would watch my tongue all right from Horton. It speaks its own mind my friend for the life of me I can't make a gentleman out of it wait What is it? How did you like good reichlin's letter pepper corn? He speaks well Is that the sum of your applause pepper corn? I have no talent for flattery, but fairness pepper corn fairness in God's name His words reveal a whole world to come and all you can find to say is that he speaks well There must be more there is Instead of holy Greek in Hebrew, I'd rather he spoke of holy German Me Lord Prince the danger is very great that I could have turned myself pepper corn this new learning is like a plague in the University at effort in fiber in providing myself an informer could have done better with an ass I know all these things pepper corn patience me Lord It will shortly come together. You come by along in dull route man. Well The peasants yoke is a heavy one me Lord. They still stand but they are restless Though without confidence or courage to do more than groan These humanists will give them what they like me Lord for their nonsense about the freedom a man's reason and Potentialities will sift and diffuse down to the mass and The time will come when on the strength of it a peasant who use this side to cut his hay Will use it for a bloodier cutting so So my lord I Found a way to cut down the tree before it blooms. Oh We will discredit them Discredit whom? No, my lord the bookworms How we will drive a wedge against their new learning by attacking their holy Greek and Hebrew Their holy Hebrew first my lord We will get more support for that. Will you speak sense man in the name of winning the Jews to Christianity? We will confiscate and burn all their books my lord And the fire we light Will burn the humanists But I will not be surprised my lord if in this We find them to be enemies of the church Evercorn your pardon. I have maligned your intelligence What would you have me do a mandate my lord Prince? Get me a mandate from the Emperor I Let us not permit sentimentality to rob us of our values, but these scanners and then a prestige my lord They are firebrands higher. They sow the sparks of our destruction, but this way my lord Sire Let us be frank We princes of the realm elected you to your throne and we princes keep you there Is this a threat? Oh, no sire, but If the floor beneath us rots away If our strength is slowly sep by this present danger When the time comes You and your throne may have no more protection than a common beggar in a public stocks Will you sign the mandate sire? Yes, yes, I'll sign I Max billion emperor of the holy Roman Empire After solemn can't play with my princes of the realm Do hereby command Albert? Archbishop of Mines Gather evidence on the subject of Hebrew books However, it would be praiseworthy and beneficial to our holy religion to destroy such books Further do I command that the archbishop secure the suggestions of the Yacobon hockstarten Victor von carbon and Dr. John Reuchlin upon this matter Such suggestions to be set in writing and given to John Pfeffer corn my ambassador in this matter Signed this day of our Lord by my name makes more of it than is there or Rick. Do I dr. Reuchlin? It's my suspicious nature, dr. Reuchlin and your cynicism. I find nothing ideal about Pfeffer corn What does the mandate actually commander Rick an opinion the suggestion and it leaves the gathering of evidence in the archbishop's hand? A friend to the new learn in 1500 years. We failed to convert them doctor I think it's a trap perhaps. I think that the princes are striking out at us and through you Why don't you leave cologne doctor go away, Rick? Truth has but a handful of champions as it is No If it is a trap, I shall try to be the only one to foreign I I Like the cornerstone of a great wall And on a bright November morning dr. John Reuchlin went to the archbishop's palace to give his opinion And in the great hall of the palace for crowded barons and knights and priests the giant tapestries on the walls Sturred with their motion Behold the miracle of Pfeffer corn doctor a Serpent sitting amongst grown men. Oh, really. This is a momentous event doctor. I see ambassadors of all the Prince Electors the inquisitor of cologne A monk or two. I don't trust The hall has more the look of a field of battle than a Congress of learned opinion Quiet Rick the archbishop my lord my lord Please my lord his highness the emperor max million Sends his good wishes my lord And begs that no malice guide us in our deliberations here this day Have peppercorn smile. I laugh my hopes to his majesty's my lord Oh, we are here on the site of god And upon his work Let us not in manner of thought or deed or word propane it Across a single shadow upon the light of his divine justice Before me lies the imperial mandate my lord Upon the subject whether it be praiseworthy And beneficial to our holy religion To destroy such books as the jews use And commanding the opinions of three learned men Victor von carbon Is such an opinion prepared It is your reverence Jakob von hoshtratten I am ready your reverence and you dr. John working I am prepared Then Victor von carbon Feed us your I never liked his face doctor. It formed his opinion before his brains my lord if you please my lord Your reverence My noble lord My opinion is brief and to the point I say the books of the jews be burnt We cannot hope to win them to our religion unless we destroy the root of theirs Burn each one The old testament the talmud the cabala Destroy them not only for the good of our church But for the good of germany for germany Doctor i see the fine Hand of our princes in this Yes, your reverence that is all the emperor's thanks my lord Now jacob von hoshtratten Your reverence I find no need to read my lengthy opinion Or the sum of it meets with brother von carbon's thoughts I too say Burn their books these assassins kill justice twice I am through your reverence the emperor's Thanks my lord That makes two opinions my lord Both for burning We have one more Dr. John working Are you afraid doctor you stand alone here? Do not worry They are you like a starved unpaid executioner dr. Hartman I am ready your reverence My lords I speak not here in hasty judgment For a man's opinion is an uncertain thing time the ultimate critic carpenter has proved him wrong And not alone time my lords But ignorance and the power of self-interest often colors the conclusions of men In this matter, I've tried to be impartial To come to it not like an unyielding enemy, but like an honest scholar What are these books that you would burn? Commentaries books on ceremonies on arts and sciences Poetry and fables Before a judgment can be rendered on these they must be subject to a careful examination Not piecemeal not by hearsay Not by hostility It is true my lords There is much that is contrary to our holy religion in these books But that is the nature of their belief a belief which is protected by law Yet Yet, there is also much of great value to our religion in these same books For example the carpenter The carpenter Is my opinion that this work assures us as none other of the divinity of christ Their commentaries my lord are invaluable or they help scholars Understand the old and new testaments more fully. It would not be beneficial or praise worthy destroy these books I stand My lord your reverence a word your reverence. What is it john peppercorn? I have a word to say it. Please your reverence. Well Hey lords For 30 years. I have fought as a warrior of our church But never Never my lords have I heard the anti christian life of this What have we heard from the lips of this learned man this advocate of humanism Is treason to the mother church? The pity amongst us is the imprithitor of cologne our guardian is much better I demand that dr. John breitland be seized and flagged before the imprithitor's court as an enemy of the church And thus the deferral princes strike their first blow against the humanist scholars of the land And the enormity of the plan the realization of what and who was the real victim Slowly seeped into the consciousness of the teachers the poets and the painters And for the first time in history men of goodwill came together to fight back Quiet quiet. Let hold by the painter's feet. Yes, hold by I say that fun hooten is right The princes are perverting the office of the inquisition They use it against us They threaten the whole development of culture in this land Roycland's not the whole culture. No, but what he stands for is the free inquiry after truth The right to explore his world and widen it with knowledge and with arts If they burn reichland they burn our prestige They bring back an eternal night for the bright day we've found They'll plunge mankind into a pit If he can't see it yet. Hold on draw a picture for us Let the olbrechtur draw I'll paint you'll paint hold on and dura will draw but for reichland And I'll sweat poems out of this pen of mine In melanchthon will give us tracks I say the pen is mightier than the sword brothers I say truth will batter down the strongest fortress in this land The words have a fine poetic ring will reach. What's the meaning? This We'll fight for reichland each in his own way but together And we will defend what is most sacred to us all Our ideals and hopes for the coming world The freedom of men's minds for the unhampered search for truth This we will fight for by defending reichland Our skill with words with pencil and brush will be fighting for ourselves Well I'll paint I will draw and I'll write tracks brothers We'll fight until the sound of our rallying reaches rome and they hear what's been done in this land May lord prince What is it peppercorn? May I see you privately milord? It cannot wait come this way It has only just come to my attention milord. What is it? This milord Look at it. The drawing by albrecht dura But this is you peppercorn in chains and you milord behind me And you milord behind me also in chains what? Descending into the mouth of hell while christ commands us down. How dare he not only he milord here Attracted by milongton a poem by ullriff and hooten all attacking us. I'll have them flogged It's not as simple as that milord They are all fighting that these these bookworms. Aye it is the miracle of the age The bookworms marching as one. I'll have them buried as one. Yes milord But meanwhile There are questions being asked in rome the poop and the cardinals These bookworms voices seem to have carried across the earth will they act in rome? I mean I do not know milord Then we must move swiftly peppercorn Brochlin must be a corpse before they do Will rome act your reverence? I I cannot tell ullriff my son will they permit such perversion of the inquisitor's office God just as smooths in inscrutable ways ullriff, but the prince's move as clear as air Ullriff forgive my heed your reverence But I see not roichlin and an honored natural death, but roichlin at the stake I have received questions from rome They are not asleep my son but time time your reverence time's running out What would you have me do the inquisitor is not of my diocese? I am aware of how monstrous is this thing the princes are doing My anger is as sincere as yours ullriff. I know that your reverence you've done much for us But you would have me do more. Yes What? Send the pope another appeal And the clamour and protest of the enlightened men of 16th germany For 16th century germany rose and gained strength and as a feudal princes of the realm drove on the murderous persecution with a renewed vigor surprised questions in rome became angry answers This is a monstrous act He provoked the offices of the mother church The prosecutors are the true enemies of the church Like a sword in battle the issue grew bright and sharp Would a massive door be clanged shut upon men's minds trapping them in the narrow medieval world The question hung like a headsman's axe over the future of germany and upon a spring day when enlightenment in this land Stood like a criminal before the inquisitor's court Rome acting the pope reserve judgment to himself My lord emperor his holiness pope leo the tenth As in his wisdom seen fit To reserve judgment to himself upon the charges of dr. John reiklin as an enemy of the church He appoints as his ambassador in this matter Myself bishop of spire Who alone is authorized either to free or condemn said john reiklin Prince electors are here your reverence. Let them come in the bishop will see you my lords Good day to you your reverence. Good day to you my lords I am honored by your visit. You know why we are here your reverence My judgment on reiklin. Yes I have not reached any as yet. He is guilty that remains to be seen my lord the evidence is conclusive your reverence What he said regarding the hebra book. I have not read it all your reverence Let us cease this playing The issue and the guilt are clear in our eyes and immediate action is necessary Our peasants grow restless with these fools words about the potentiality of man We are good christians your reverence But we're also princes of an empire We will defend our land and rights with all the strength we can command And your reverence We will defend yours the churches Be with us in this matter We will build you the finest cathedral in old germany It is as I have said my lords As yet I have not read all the evidence a gentleman to see you your reverence A von hurten let him come in The bishop will see you sir You are Ulrich von Hutten. Yes your reverence Now is the time to strike the blow for freedom God would have it so Take heart whose heart for freedom still can beat No longer bend your will to those whose lives Have brought us ill My poem your reverence. Yes And a very good poem too my son Thanks your reverence But but have I reached a decision? Yes your reverence What will you build for me you scholars poets and painters? Build the princes of the empire have promised me the finest cathedral in all germany If I see this matter their way What will you promise if I see it yours my son? A poem your reverence My feelings and those of hundreds of others Poured into a poultry poem I think God's justice my son likes the style of your architecture Best of all and in a few days the papal legate the bishop of spire render judgment I bishop of spire With full authorization from his holiness Hopefully owe the temp Find that the writings and teachings of john reuchland In reference to such books as the jews used as not being harmful to our mother church And further do I find john peppercorn Instigator of these charges Guilty of slander and fine him a son and the fight was won The attack upon the emancipation of men's mind upon the freedom of their reason was spoiled But only for a little while what began as a great promise was wiped out in the blood of countless peasants as germany from 1518 to 1648 plunged into a century of civil wars And after the final struggle the 30 years war the nation was devastated and impoverished The peasants in brutal servitude great provinces raised by fire and so on Science and art had fled and the great hopeful learning of the universities was replaced by narrow pedantic ignorance It was the dream of the feudal princes that ultimately won the land And because that dream is still murderously alive in germany today We comprehend how enormous is the betrayal of those early years That heritage of freedom left by the scholars the poets and the painters Stands like forgotten ruins in a lost land Yet because the fight for liberty belongs to the whole history of man Because it is the heritage of all peoples it belongs to us On the way we came these were the initial battles. These laid the pattern for our democratic world Thus we citizens and soldiers of this republic claim that heritage is ours The nbc university of the air has brought you chapter six of the new historical series We came this way Next week we came this way will present a story of the netherlands in the days of william the silent Tonight's script was written by rayful haze and directed by ira avery The original music is composed by leo kimpinski and conducted by militant katems The members of the cast were alexander scooby joe dissantis martin wilson Don morrisan marise torplin john martin david kerman john archer and gregory morton Your narrator was john w vandicoot. This is the national broadcasting company