 Metal oxide nanoparticles are essential technological and biomedical materials with high biomedical performance and low toxicity, which can be used in various fields of nanomedicine such as tissue therapy, immunotherapy, diagnosis, dentistry, regenerative medicine, wound healing, and biosensing platforms. Their antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral properties along with biotoxicology were debated in detail. The significant breakthroughs in the field of nanobiomedicine have emerged in areas predicting tremendous application potential and enormous market value for metal oxide nanoparticles. This article was authored by Maria P. Nikolova and Murthy S. Sowery.