 Welcome to the third part of this instructional video. I'm going to take you through the milk chemical composition analysis using the Lactoscan Combo Milk Analyzer. When you're interested in performing your milk sample, there are three major steps which you need to bear in mind. The first one is how you're going to prepare your sample. The second one is performing now the analysis and the third one is data extraction or visualization. So moving on to the first part, preparing your sample. So something to note is that with milk analysis, it's recommended that you analyze the milk while it's still fresh, at least no more than six hours after milking. However, in some cases this may not be possible. So then what do you do? So it's recommended that you store your milk, the samples that you collected. You store them in a cooler box fitted with some ice packs. So this need to have been kept at minus 20 or minus 80 prior to introduction of the ice packs into the cooler box. So what if you don't have this kind of a system? There are other alternative ways in which you are able to preserve your sample pending analysis. So of major interest in preserving this sample is to make sure that it maintains its chemical integrity. To do this, we use chemical means. So we have commercially available tablets known as bronopole tablets which are available and they are usually added into that milk sample. There are still other alternative methods for chemical preservation of milk prior to analysis. However, that's not within the scope of this tutorial. Once your sample is ready for analysis and your equipment is ready, you need to homogenize the sample. Take your sample out of the cooler box. Something to know that these samples which come out of a cooler box tend to be quite cold. It's recommended that these samples are left at room temperature for them to reach the normal temperature of the room where the equipment is placed. So at least that minute is recommended for such samples. So once the sample has achieved room temperature, the next thing is to vortex the sample for at least 30 seconds. This is to ensure that the sample is adequately homogenized. So the vortex is supplied alongside the equipment. So with the homogenized sample ready, you transfer it into a sample for the vial that's provided for with the instrument for analysis. So this vial holds about 25 to 30 ml of the sample. So once the sample is transferred, you introduce it into the equipment recess. And then the next thing you need to make sure that the sample is correctly identified. On to the monitor window, you need to indicate the sample ID. So in our case, milk 01. And then probably just a figure here to indicate the amount. So maybe 0.5. That's in cages. However, this data here is not used in computing the results that you obtain. Once you're ready, you hit the cow button here. And then as you can see, the milk is aspirated through the equipment. And then look at the monitor. It starts to come down the analysis runtime. So normally the analysis takes about 60 seconds. So within 60 seconds, you'll have your data ready. So it requires a bit of patience for that one minute to be over and for you to get your data. Once the analysis is over, you will be able to visualize the data on to the monitor, on the monitor, or additionally. The equipment comes with an inbuilt printer and you're able to get your data there. So something to know that this inbuilt printer uses a heat-sensitive paper. So if this paper is not well stored or stored in a heated environment, it tends to... the writings obtained here tend to get rubbed off. So when handling data from this point, you need to be cautious on how you handle this heat-sensitive paper. However, you are able to save your file on the display monitor either on the inbuilt tablet or on the additional monitor presented. So how do you extract that data? So there is a provision for a USB drive behind the equipment and the procedure for exporting that data is readily available on the user manual. That's it.