 Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species, ROS, and the body's ability to detoxify them. Probiotics have been found to reduce oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant activity and decreasing ROS levels. Inflammatory bowel disease, IBD, cancer, and liver-related diseases are all linked to oxidative stress, and probiotics may be able to help alleviate these conditions. Studies show that probiotics can decrease inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation while increasing apoptosis. Additionally, probiotics activate the NRF2, NF, Kappa B, and MAPK signaling pathways, which are involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. More research is needed to better understand how probiotics work and how they can be used to treat these diseases. This article was authored by Tingting Zhao, Haoran Wang, Zhenzhuang Liu, and others.