 Hi and welcome to another session of Neekiba. Today's session is directed towards your legs, particularly your knees and how COVID has affected them. We all have been through a very painful last couple of years at least. Now my daughter who lives in England has told me that she and her friends also watch these sessions which was very intriguing because through them I saw the possibility that a lot of young people are also getting knee problems these days. Now why is this? Now for instance, I think Zoe my daughter's friend is watching this. She has knee pains and she has knee pains because her legs are a bit twisted like that. I will show you shapes of legs. Now Holly may not have knee pains but she would develop certain pains on sitting down for a long time particularly if you're working from home or studying from home and sitting stooped on a computer. So there are various factors which lead to knee pains. A lot of these are related to our bone shapes and certain changes in bone shapes can account for you getting arthritis life changes relatively early. What happens when we sit in bad postures at home? At school or at work when a lot of us work on computers we have what is called ergonomically designed furniture such that our backs and legs are in certain positions. These things are not maintained when we are at home in seemingly comfortable positions. These can aggravate many many subtle abnormalities. Now a lot of these can be detected early and rectified by correct posture and exercises and my colleague Dr. Bishwaranjan is going to talk to you about them. Having said that we must recognize these problems early because if neglected they then lead to mechanical problems by the time we are just 40. It is normal to develop wear and tear as I've said before in people who are over 60 years old. But when you have mechanical problems at 30 or 40 these need to be attended to early because there is a lot of treatments apart from exercises also in the moderately severe kind of stages that we can correct with keyhole surgery and with cartilage treatments. We have talked to you before on treatments like stem cells and how when COVID has affected heaps we can do preservation surgery with stem cells to reverse the disease. So as I had mentioned earlier I'm just going to show some shapes or positions we keep our legs in which aggravate knee problems. Now for instance a lot of girls it is commoner than we think when they sit they are sitting in positions where their legs are a bit like that. Now this is not just habit but a slight abnormality in your bone shape which makes your kneecaps tilted slightly and thereby puts more pressure on one side of the kneecap. This can be rectified very early by actually changing our postures in teenage years or even earlier if we notice our children stumbling and falling in the early years of their life. Many people have flat feet where when you are walking instead of the foot progressing in this way because it is flat it progresses in a slightly twisted way thereby making them fall or giving them abnormal pressure at their knees as well. My colleague will now tell you simple exercises on how you know we can modify and change these things. Now this doesn't only apply to the people who are working from home it is applicable for the kids who are going to school and spending a lot of time with laptops and computers. Now simple stretches and exercises which can be done in a day to day manner without any help definitely helps you to get rid of these kind of problems. Now if you have got this problem knee problems or postures problem now we have facility and device which can help us to find out the amount of problem of certain bone abnormality or postural issue just by assessing the balance and the way you are. With that we can quantify your problem and give you solution accordingly it can be done customized and it can be done overall. To know more of this kind of things how to rectify it we have a setup at Keynes Hospital where you can visit and we can give you a modified exercise program or the program which can be given to your trainer who can further help you to get rid of these problems. Thank you.