 Hello again everyone, thanks for staying for the last talk of the day So in this talk, I'll talk about everything that touch ethics in the workplace So I don't know how many of you are still students No students anymore That's interesting, okay So like the subtitle of the talk was All the things I wish I knew when I still was a student So I'm Eric, I'm the founder of a software consulting company and you can find me at Eric Gezny on Twitter So I've been a consultant for 13 years now and I'm getting any younger Including five as an employee. That's important. I've worked in a lot of different industries And I receive now I'm The boss of the company I received an average of 20 application per month. So What's going to follow is from my personal Experience and things I've witnessed myself. It's not a scientific study about Ethical behavior in the workplace. So you should make your own opinion So what brought you in IT first? Maybe it was Sorry, maybe it was like you wanted to earn more money Or maybe you wanted you played with computers when you were kids with your parents Or maybe you were fascinated by all these blinking screens. So all of us came for a reason in the first place Usually ethics is quite of an overlook field when you try to get into IT So what's ethics it takes it's the study of the principle relating to the right and wrong conducts or morality What's about saying in IT careers in 2018? So you can either after you gradated Work for a product company say like Spotify or github or whatever Usually the pros include like you will know one product in depth You will find some kind of team spirits centered around the product you will get into interesting and niche issues and Sometimes you will be able to contribute back to open source software the cons in Are that usually it involves maintaining the same product for some time which is a bit less sexy than just creating new features all the time You also get commercial commercial pressure your success as Like in this business depends on the success of your product and Sometimes it's unfortunately unfortunately also depending on the marketing around it So you might even build a good product but not get any success because the marketing is done poorly You may also choose to enter a corporation where The bigger the company the lower the expectations. So if you're not the best students in the class you still have some openings in in large companies You will get a lot of diversity because yeah, these large companies are like getting a lot of Applicants from very different horizons. So you might meet people that you wouldn't be able to meet outside of the year of your job Usually money is a key factor in working for corporations as well as job security On the other hand, there's a lot of bureaucracy involves you need to be ready to face some political pressure from like Different teams or different departments and so on You get often arbitrary management pressure like this has to be done by Monday. Why Monday because and It's pretty difficult to identify success or goals because you're is such in such big structure that Identifying really like am I successful even if you're successful at your scale. Are you bringing value to your company? It's a bit complicated to know what's your influence on the global success of the corporation You can also go and For a large consulting firm There are many on the market on the market these days usually money is the main factor They will literally pour money over your head give you cars and you get to see a lot of Land or you get to see get introduced to many different industries On the other hand, it's basically the equivalent of modern slavery On all sense that it can bear The turnover are usually high because people get quickly upset with their working conditions There is usually a low technical competency within the company because usually when you are getting good enough in the on the technical field Then you realize that yeah, you're basically being enslaved and then most Successful engineers leave the company pretty early. So you're just remaining with the ones who haven't yet figured out that they were good and Usually either you get out broken of this like in depression And you want just to raise sheep's in the South of France or you just get Immersionary you embrace the fact that money is the center of everything and Yeah, that's not the most ethical outcome You can also work for a non-software company but still doing software development Then you're part of a greater scheme. Let's say like you work for a printer or you work for a like an editor of magazines There you're part of something else You get a short feedback loop because you're usually working in in straight collaboration with your Co-workers, which come from different fields Usually teams are smaller, but the turnover is also lower On the other hand, you're competing for the same risk for the same resources I mean money with the other activities of the company. So yeah, maybe if you work at Like a newspaper maybe the printing department needs more money and so it's being sucked out of IT and Unfortunately the in-house IT ways are not always consistent with the industry standards Or you can do freelancing freelancing it has one big advantage its money on the other hand, you get a lot of interesting side effects like legal responsibility the duty of ensuring marketing sales All the tax fun stuff and you get a direct competition because as a freelancer, you're basically competing as of now with a Global and I mean global like at Earth scale with an immense Pool of other freelancers, which are as qualified as you are So For students planning your career First thing you should do is working on yourself You should know yourself like really think about it find your weak spots and really work on them That's what's going to bring the most The most benefits Be social as join a student association or clubs or organize meetups If you're introvert, yeah, we are all a bit of introvert in this field Don't hesitate to be social Then also build your portfolio. There is a very large maker and do it yourself community There's a large open-source software community. We are part of or you can also Try your luck and work for non-governmental organizations or charity all of this stuff matter in the eye of a recruiter because it shows that you're doing Not what you have to do, but also you're also thinking about others Applying for a job So you get maybe two different choices The easy easy one is just falling for recruiters Usually they have low technical knowledge You will spot them very easily because their contact you will have with them looks a lot like spam The mindset behind their activity is usually they just want to sell The person like the engineers as fast as they can and leave with the money They will always feel your resume with buzzwords and Pimp your qualification without your consent Like I've been with a lot of junior developers that were labeled as Python experts and Not having ever written a single line of Python. So nope. Nope. Nope. Or you can do your own self self-search Twitter LinkedIn Monster indeed or even hacker news Yes, you need to do it yourself, but you'll get a lot more Accurate results from there and at least you're in control of what's happening So what's recruiters are looking for in a CV or at least what I'm looking for in a CV If you're not joining a cover letter, so some people will tell you yes It's it's very old-fashioned to put a cover letter, but for me no cover letter means spam It means like this person is really Going for the quantity and not for not picking which company wants to work for so I know I've been there too I have also applied for jobs So I know it's pretty tempting to go harvest a bunch of companies. That's Basically do it and just spray your resumes there, but me as an employer. I don't see why should I Why should I go for this person? That's not even saying yeah, I want to work with you. I just want to work Okay, but then it's not very tempting for me. I Don't care if it's a I don't care if it's within the email I even prefer because that's two clicks less for me to read your motivation It's a bit cheating to start your motivational by direct company Like it's a bit better if it's a bit more customized and Even bonus points if you're just saying oh, yeah I liked a lot this product that you did because it matches like my master t-z's or it matches what I've done here or Like that's very important for me. I'm also interested in your character So pictures Yeah, it's not required But it helps putting a face on name because when I'm going through like all the CVs sometimes I really I had this guy Yeah, it's easier for me to remember a CV which has a picture, but definitely I know some people are not comfortable with Putting as their picture because of discrimination. I go on there later. So I completely understand It's just like it's easier for me And if you have a very common name, please include a link to your own online persona So I if I google your name I'm not going to find 50 different guys wearing the same name and some which might have like less respectable online persona Like if you have a github, which is pretty good and another guy Which has the same name as you do but has them also a github, which is pretty bad I just don't need I don't want to have to pick which one am I gonna going to hire spelling If ensure applying in English at least in Belgium If you have you have just one shot, so check spelling and grammar twice, please Of course technical skills be honest really because it shows during the interviews Only lists If it's a professional proficiency like I've opened once a Python interpreter is not like I am qualified in Python also avoid buzzwords because it smells and You can break a requirement like okay, you need let's say two years of practice of Python Okay, I just did one year, but I've written this Huge library. It's actually a plus like you you don't have You didn't spend too long with the language, but you achieved a lot So that's yeah, if you can justify why you didn't fulfill a requirement It's always something that I am careful about job interviews It's It's a very common issue to face discrimination So I'm a white young male, so I did not felt Discrimination when I was interviewed But I know a lot of people who have been discriminated Because of the gender or perceived sexual preferences or family situation or the fact they have children you must know that is Absolutely forbidden by law. So here is the link You saw the Felix one is the link for the federation that takes care especially of Discrimination against gender and family If you've been discriminated for different other reasons being skin color place of birth cultural background or handicap Unia is also an association that's taking care of fighting against discrimination for those reasons Hmm Job interviews how to attend job interviews be relaxed seriously I meet a lot of candidates that are very stressed under job interview Usually people are not going to be to bite you. It's only a job. You're not playing your whole life every time you apply for a job just smile and Remember why what you replied at my first slide like when I was asking what brought you in IT first Feel okay to say I'm not comfortable with discussing this topic because sometimes Recruiters try to trap you or something. It's okay to say. I don't want to go on that ground and Examine while you're being interviewed hold the interview and how they value the candidates they have because in this situation You are also evaluating the company. It's not on what it's not a one-way street Sometimes you'll find people who think it's That makes sense to spend a lot of time doing men's attest or logic puzzles or whiteboard coding or Having you answer multiple choice question You just have to understand that it's easier for them to screen for candidates because they can dispatch a lot more candidates rather than having a one-hour chat with all of them and Trying to find relevant questions Against it's always a matter of quantity Versus quality of candidates if there are if you do good screening beforehand or if you have Sufficient capacity to screen your candidates. You might not need to do those tests those tests They only capture your fitness to a imaginary model that these people think is the kind of employee They want to hire It's not your it's not representative or your actual abilities again. It's failing them is perfectly. Okay You're not a bad person for failing men's attests Now once you have the job Sometimes you'll hear stuff like yeah We only work with long-term freelancers. There is no such thing as long-term freelancer You won't get job security. You will have a lower legal protection But they will wave money in front of your nose. Don't fall for it. It's not worth it debate and switch. Yeah, you will receive internal training or More sneaky you will be coding on your next project But for now we need you to spend time as an administrative assistant for a few months Turns out never happens The salary scam yeah, we you will start with the two months internship, of course not paid or Oh, yeah, but yeah, we don't pay overtime. Yeah, you have to pay overtime. It's not Or yeah, I know the salary is low, but we will give you shares of the company which ends up not showing up ever The golden handcuffs. Yeah, surprisingly you get at a company which has the salaries twice what the competitors offers There's a lot of paid holidays Free food video games luxury company cars and stock options Why would you want to leave? Even if the company turns out being very toxic or I'm not think this is a case But I mean these are very strong retention maneuvers You might want to question. Why is the company? Like what are the real motivations behind a company offering that much to employees, what are they afraid of? harassment is Something which is pretty sensitive topic So the pretty obvious personal attacks on origin religion culture language in Belgium here It's pretty common for to have Objections about people not speaking Dutch or French or German or English or whatever personal attacks on physical condition or physical shape or perceived intellectual abilities Having inappropriate language or gesture or just basically asking out people. So this is not okay Harassment is never okay. You just contact your HR manager or self-person Immediately, and you don't try to explain. Yeah, but this person did this. No, there's no excuse for that behavior Abuse blatant abuse take your laptop with you on vacation in case we need you Vacations are made for taking vacation and resting out of the work out of work If you're on slack on the beach, then this is abuse Like some people find it's hard to disconnect But like if it's a business if it's a manager requirement, this is abuse Since we provide you with a phone you should be reachable at all time. Hell no Please dress more feminine for ladies No This is again abused. It's not It's not necessary for your work to dress in a way or another and the tickle behavior Sometimes you might Work for a let's say a car manufacturer that will ask you to game code that would conceal CO2 emissions in your cars That's pretty unicycle Stealing and selling personal information collected by let's say running a social network Reading customer private messages Not working too fast so the mission lasts longer, which is a common attitude in consulting companies Or selling unnecessary software to naive customers Like yeah, you have this piece of software, but you should definitely have that piece of software Which is very costly, but because yeah, you need it a few signs your job is killing you The over performer burn out if you hear stuff like yeah, you never disappointed us so far or You're really or any hope If you're feeling oppressed or having anxiety or a panic attack Then you might be in the situation where you're Trying to do too much In this case remember to delegate Set clear expectations from people asking you too much and stand for yourself like no working on the weekend or you're finishing up Things up until two in the morning is not healthy People asking you oh you took your after enough at 5 p.m Or everyone will have we'll have to do overtime from now for let's say six months This is the sign of the death march You're tempted to sleep at your desk to save up on commuting time and your personal hygiene is time-wasted Definitely you're in the death march mode. This is also very unhealthy Overtime is not a fix for poor planning like proper resource management expectation management is and Schedules can always be changed One more beer when you start drinking every day and then maybe one drink after the other Or you need to drink to relax after work. Yeah, why not and you start contemplating substance abuse And your relative are being worried for your health then Also, you might be exposed to an unhealthy amount of stress Preferably discuss it with your family doctor just to identify why you're feeling that need of Relaxing with a beer or substances The dead end like nothing nothing to do for most of the day Your supervisor doesn't even care if you work or not at your desk You might be just watching videos for the whole day and nobody would care or you start wondering about your purpose in life Then this is either harassment or your job is just bogus So, yeah here. I would definitely advise for quitting the job This scapegoat you're globally criticized without any specific details You're always working alone on failing project for by coincidence and you start shooting yourself and refusing to talk to others That's another form of harassment This is a bit complicated So you should definitely seek help from HR or management if you find yourself in this situation because it's not It they might not be aware of that But sometimes it's made on purpose to punish people Don't please don't once you get a job or a leading position. Don't become part of the problem Some jokes are not funny at all Racial physical sexual jokes are not appropriate in a working environment and Please think before you speak because you might be offending people without even realizing it If you hear our are being witness of like inappropriate behavior and so on It's very acceptable to just correct people and say, yeah, I think you're going a bit too far there or yeah This is not very nice. You should think a bit about what you just said I know it sounds like lecturing, but please don't allow people to just feel like they're entitled to say or to act this way Entitlement well, of course After you get your job, then you can start being picky about yeah We only hire people with that kind of degrees or we only hire Males or females or whether are we only hire people below 50 or 40? Or we only hire people from Europe or we only hire people who so no this is entitlement Wanderer yourself if those rules had been in place when I was hired when I was looking myself for a job would I have been? Selected and hired myself Put yourself in other shoes from time to time be a decent human being like sentences I don't hear often enough are sorry. I was wrong earlier like yeah losing an argument It's not losing face or anything. It's just like yeah, you can apologize and it's okay or yeah, initially it looked very simple, but Am I missing a critical detail? People are not usually that stupid if you see that someone is making a stupid mistake Maybe you're missing a key element or maybe you saw something that he didn't So usually starting in the conversation and say yeah, can you please explain to me because it looks Terribly simple you might start an interesting conversation or is there something I can tell I can do to help you like if someone is Slacking on your job or something or late Turning on assignments. Yeah, how can I help you do something? Making money while doing open source software So it's kind of joining the the first talk we had today Yeah, so you can have Integrators company providing support for custom development around in existing software, which turns out to be open source You can also get commission work like Being part or maintaining a large open source project you might also receive requests for developing new features on an existing code base Grants so many different types of organizations university foundations and companies spend research funds to finance open source software that feels specific needs and especially the mozzarella foundation finance the Django project and Also the PSF globally So you can find a full list. So there's a This lady Nadia eggbell. She compiled the guide for financing your open source work and she has a ton of ideas and examples of how you can Generate revenue from open source works from Donation button on your github page to finding a company So be sure to check the project, please to end the talk I'm just quoting Charlie Chaplin because I think that it's it was written in 1940, but it still has An eco now so it's part of the great dictator speech He says we have developed speed, but we have shut offsaves in Machinery that gives abundance has left it in left us in want Our knowledge has made us cynical or cleverness hard and unkind We think too much and feel too little More than machinery we need humanity more than cleverness. We need kindness and gentleness It's not because we are maybe introverts and we have it easy with the machines that we should become machine machines ourselves Any questions? Okay. Thank you very much