 This is JSA TV and JSA Podcasts, the newsroom for telecom and data center professionals. I'm Carl Skechely, and on behalf of the team here at JSA, welcome to our August virtual roundtable. Just a few weeks ago, Hurricane Isaias tore through the Caribbean and the east coast of the United States, triggering tornado outbreaks and severely impacting the lives of everyone in its path. As the numbers go, the hurricane caused over $4.2 billion in insured damages with a cleanup lasting weeks after. Today, as a timely response for telecom and data center professionals, we will spend the next 45 minutes engaging with top industry thought leaders on the subject of network preparedness for hurricane season. As a little sunshine at your door today, we have provided lunch, or if you chose, a gift card to a local restaurant for the first 100 restaurants. So, for those of you who received, please enjoy your JSA lunch while we get started. And a quick reminder, we want to hear from you, so please, go ahead, type your questions into the chat. Time permitting, we will answer them there. And as usual, in the last 15 minutes of the hour, we will take our conversation over to LinkedIn for a chat with our speakers. Search for hashtag JSA virtual roundtables, or simply click on the link that will be provided in the chat shortly. Once there, we will cover all the questions our panelists don't get a chance to answer live on camera in the next 45 minutes. If you have a speaker suggestion for next time, or simply want to register for upcoming monthly roundtables, visit jsa.net. Our next one will take a look at the ever-evolving face of tech and telecom. That roundtable is September 17th at 1 p.m. eastern time. Check it out and register. Now, let's get started. Today's topic, tougher weather ahead tips for hurricane season network preparedness. For today's chat, we have over 175 registrants joining us. Thank you for your continued support of this series. And thank you to our all-star panelists for dedicating their time for us today. With us, we have Rosa White, CFO, DR Fortress, Mike Lissetra, Vice President, Solutions Architecture at Stream Data Centers, James Ashton, Vice President Network Operations at 365 Data Centers, and Rudolph Gordon Seymour, head of international funding at Telecom's Song Frontier. To guest moderate, please welcome Dennis Lindsay, partner at Cambridge MC. Dennis, thank you for joining us today. Let's jump right in. So, based on where you are and you're obviously every year is a heightened experience for you. We're just praying that we're prepared. So, I do you cope with the, you know, the season and what keeps you up late at night thinking about what might happen next. Exactly what Mike actually hit on was the, my number one priority is the staff, the operations team here. This season was coupled with the pandemic. So, being on a shift for our operations team, ensuring that, you know, there, there's no staff being exposed to the pandemic. So, we're on special shifts and topping that with planning for the POC and the SOC of who is in charge of the facility during the hurricane. Douglas, this was coming down. So, just kind of what keeps me up is making sure that we have enough staff coverage to ensure that who's supposed to be on the site is able to get there. And as Mike was saying, we, you know, the facility was planted in a very specific location, you know, the no flood zone, no here in Hawaii were outside of the extreme tsunami zone. So that's just additional forces of nature that, you know, we have to reckon here with in Hawaii. So on top of that, we need to make sure that can my staff make it back to the facility so someone's here 24 seven do they have proper backup in order to ensure that if there's a prolonged power outage. Are we able to support the customers that are coming in for whatever reason. And as James was saying, power is key we here in Hawaii we always had seven days of fuel on site, just in the event that streets closing or whatnot we need to make sure that those generators are properly maintained. And that we have sufficient fuel ready to go so I think what James and Mike have said is no different than in Hawaii other than the fact that if we were to be impacted by a hurricane or tropical cyclone or whatnot. We just have to deal with a prolonged ability to sustain ourselves on an island versus being able to get resources, a lot more readily through just, you know, neighboring states. Okay, thank you. And I think for you, Rudolph, I'm listening to this answer keenly because it's not the case that you're waiting for a season for something to happen. You'll hit on the edge of your bank ready to don on the the cake with the S on to help on. Yeah, we, well, we can't I guess we kind of wait. It's, it's potentially a very busy time for telecom so frontier, because it also coincides with the typhoon season. That keeps us very busy. And we just have to make sure that our regional offices, and we do have a regional office in Mexico, and one in Thailand. And we have to make sure they're just full operational readiness. And we also historically we've subscribed to a system called GDACs, disaster alerts and coordination system. This is a kind of a cooperation framework between the United Nations and the European Commission, and includes disaster managers worldwide to basically improve alerts, information exchange coordination in the first phase after a major disaster. And that just means that we can really closely monitor any situation we can actually track the path of any hurricane any typhoon. And in some instances, we will actually send engineering teams out before the hurricane hits into that region. So we will be first on the ground and and TSF has a reputation for being probably one of the fastest responding NGOs in the world. Okay, excellent. So at this time of year, what do your customers want more from you than anything else? Mike, I'll give that one to Mike. Yeah, certainly. So, you know, preparing for hurricanes, the top priority for customers communication from us, right? They want to know that we are prepared and that we are focused on providing the support that we've agreed to provide to them. So communication, communication, communication, clear, concise, timely communication, right? And that can be having your EOPs able to share, right, if they were to request that. Having your staff know that EOP is like the back of their hand, that definitely helps. But then having, you know, the clear portal or conduit for them to be able to even view real time status of your facilities. That is a product that Stream Data Centers is working on right now with deploying where we would be able to provide that transparency to customers that they would be able to see that all the facilities are humming along without any issues and see that, you know, power is stable. Generators don't have any issues, things like that. Okay, thank you. And the same to Rosa. What's your take on that? Yeah, communication is definitely key for our customers. Just what we, we have a certain, a certain communication kind of template for our customers. So as soon as we hit any sort of watch or warning, we start communicating standardized messages that go out and really just kind of educate not just our customers, but all the points of contact and are reaching out. In addition, what we always do is, you know, obviously a week ahead, sometimes 48 hours, we make sure that the employees are taking care of. We make sure that the staff goes through. We have checklists for the facility for admin and for the IT. And so just going through those standard checklists. And I know it sounds like common sense, but just every once in a while we're going through that list and you're like, aha, that's right. That person left. So we needed to make sure that that got done. So it's just having the, I guess the consistency and the practices to, yeah, maintenance has been done. That's just been checked off. But just the little details, ensuring that those have been taken care of, and being able to communicate that to the customers knowing that we're ready. I think is really key. They trust that we're ready to go. Okay, cool. And the same to James. So is there a demand from the customers prompting you before the season for specific things or is it the case that you just need to make sure that you're telling them proactively that you're ready. You know, I think that there's always a certain number of customers that are going to come to you with requests with with demands in some cases or with requirements and oftentimes legislative requirements, you know, things that if you're in the medical industry or the financial industry, they have some things that they have to do. So, you know, you always get some of that. I think though the vast majority to Rosa and Mike's point is communication. We watch these sorts of things and in a lot of cases, we find that, you know, a customer might not actually know that there's a storm coming. Or, you know, you know, they're not they're not necessarily they're busy doing their thing. They're not necessarily watching us do our thing. And it's important for us to let them know that we are to let them know what's happening and what might affect them in some cases at their offices. You know, I kind of put it all down to peace of mind in my mind what the customer expects from us is peace of mind. They don't want to have to think about, you know, our portion of their IT infrastructure they just want they just want to have confidence that it's going to work and in a lot of cases that giving them tours of the facility giving their staff tours of the facility showing them. I mean, sometimes little things that might not make a large difference, but it lets it shows them that, you know, you're paying attention to details. And it's interesting to them and if you can keep them engaged and paying attention to your communications and keep communicating with them about what you're doing and what's going on. For most customers that that covers what they're looking for. As I said that there are always those that have additional needs that you know you may have to meet or you may have to provide proof that you have met because of various certifications or etc that they're carrying as well. You know those are those tend to be one off situations and you have to be ready to deal with those as well. Another thing that you know I know that is very helpful is during the hurricane season we always try to make sure that people are available to talk to the customers, so that they don't call in and get a and get a call queue or something if they call in and they're nervous and they have a question they have a human to talk to nearly immediately. And that actually seems to make a fairly large difference you know they just they just want to know that things are going to be okay from a storm point of view and that they don't necessarily have to worry about things as much. Thank you. Yeah and as you say I think someone did say I have experience in operations for a major oil and gas company rain Houston, and I remember very well, the preparations went out to go through when you know something horrible was going to happen. And then you unexpected things happen, and then you have to pivot. I've got some connections in the Caribbean and I remember sitting in St. Lucia in 2007 when Hurricane Dean went by, and it was an adventure. And I felt that very keenly that young kids and that that's a different mindset to me than being in operations having to make sure that infrastructure stayed up. The question is to Mr Rudolph really because to me, this is will color what we're saying in a certain way so what has been the most adventurous thing that your teams have had to do. Let's say in the typhoon season. Now what's the most adventurous thing that happened. Well I think our engineering teams would probably the teams that actually get deployed a very short notice sometimes notice of hours and get sent out anywhere in the world. They would probably say every deployment is an adventure. Because they don't know what they're being deployed into. They have to make very quick assessments of the situation at hand. And bear in mind, we have to make the assumption that maybe there won't be any power available on the ground. So we have to have contingency for that. And they also have to, you know, feed and shelter themselves, as well as dealing and looking after the affected populations. So I think it's probably difficult to take one example out of, you know, over 140 deployments. But I guess, you know, one that's probably kind of fresher in people's minds would be. In 2019. And that kind of provided a unique set of challenges to TSF because not only was it probably one of the fiercest. Hurricanes memory. It also required some fairly logistical challenges and we set up five calling operations and across four of the islands. And the logistics of just traveling between islands was difficult. It was rough weather. There was a risk of injury to the personnel who were actually responding. The team was sleeping on, you know, the floor of a supermarket. You know, so we have to kind of adapt, basically, to every mission and every mission's unique. And I think that's probably what our forte is. Okay, so of course, once he's done and dusted and everybody's okay, it's an adventure at the time you probably feel that too great. And kind of to pick up on the on the before and so I think the common theme of what do what do your customers want. And I know you didn't ask me that because I don't actually have customers per se, but I can replace customers with partners or end users. And it's kind of the same thing because it really comes down to, you know, communication. And we have to provide, you know, kind of we try to provide real-time mission updates to our partners, our partners who who fund us. We will provide regular reports, we will provide content and imagery for social media updates and social media campaigns. So that's really important to us and we like to try and make sure our partners get updates before the rest of the world. And that's the that's the kind of challenge there. And from an end user perspective. I think when they see a TSF team on the ground, you know, their expectation and they see that TSF logo their expectation is very much, I am going to be able to make a call to my loved one. You know, that's their expectation. And that's what we do. Thank you very much. And that's an excellent KPI. It brings life to the situation rather than, you know, somebody can pick up the phone in an office and make a call is I can talk to my loved one. No, thank you. That's great. So Mike, this is going to be a difficult one for you to follow them. So given that adventurous response. You've had some adventures yourself, especially during hurricane. So what has been the most adventurous thing that you've had to do and cope with in your professional life during these sort of seasons. Yep. So, you know, one hurricane that I did live through was the hurricane Sandy event in New York City in 2012. The employer I was at that point actually had a building in lower Manhattan that was built in a flood zone. So what do they do when it's built in a flood zone you design the building the flood. My problem when the buildings flooded you can't get anyone in or out of it. So they had to put all the staff in the building. So great. We had plenty of fuel, things like that, but now you have to worry about do I have enough food do I have enough water. How do I maintain hygiene amongst the staff. And these are all additional aspects that typically don't get thought of when you're planning a new site right everyone thinks how big is your fuel tank. How many power feeds do I have how much battery backup, but that's all get you. We actually had another site at that employer that almost had to get shut down because the sanitary sewer system was great. The lift pump and the lift pump lost power. So if the holding tank filled up we would have had to evacuate the building. That would have been, you know, quite the intricate, I guess, situation where we have a building that's running seven days straight on on gens and it's really the sanitary system that is now the thorn in our side. And then right so so those were two very interesting and adventurous scenarios that I had had to deal with. And those are the things that you have to plan for right we had at the one site at both sites. We had redundant fuel filters. So we can swap the fuel filters on the fly, but we didn't have redundant air filters, and the air filters actually were the components that started to clog up after a few days of continuous operation. So it's having those consumables on site that you maybe necessarily wouldn't plan to have on site that that will get you through a extended runtime event. In this case is seven days straight. Thank you very much, Rosa. I'm embarrassed to say I have no exciting adventurous stories. As everyone's been talking about I mean for us the, the, again, there's, it's kind of interesting, you know, the media makes such a big deal about hurricanes in Hawaii but realistically, you know, we've been hit twice. 1559 and just this one in the beginning of the hurricane season Douglas was a little bit adventurous for us in the sense that again we were already on a pandemic staffing schedule so talked with planning for this it just took a lot more time and coordination. And as James was saying we actually contacted all our customers just gave them that personal touch of, I know that Hawaii keeps getting hit with all of these, you know, challenges per se but we wanted to call and just touch base with each of their customers know that, you know, we're ready to go or what not. The more adventurous was, you know, my kids enjoying the best surf day that they had in a long time so. Yeah, we were I'm very fortunate that the facility is in a non extreme tsunami zone and non flooding area. And that's, I'm so thankful for that because you still have to plan for the worst but know that we're in the best location can be. And that we are as prepared as we can be so no exciting or adventurous stories Dennis that I can share unfortunately. Well I like the surface story but thank you. James yourself. You know, I want to definitely comment on on Mike's, you know this, the taking care of your staff and your staff family. You know, not so much as a story but there is a lot of work that has to go into that, making sure that you know you have facilities on site to handle the people that you have to take care of in order to have an operational staff on site. Sometimes that's, you know, somebody's dog. You know, sometimes that's just necessary. I've actually found it interesting that sometimes in high rise buildings that's actually easier which normally data centers and high rise buildings or anything but easy. But, you know, most high rise buildings nowadays have gyms they have showers they have, you know, enlarged bathrooms they have extra space and hallways and stuff like that so. Sometimes that's actually beneficial being in a high rise. As far as interesting stories that for me, all the interesting ones keep coming back to power. I can remember a couple years ago in Tampa I had an event where you know in the middle of a hurricane. We had a main breaker. I'm going to say middle of a hurricane middle of the edge of a hurricane. We had a main breaker start getting really hot. And so a panel was about to go down. That was going to take down, I think like six air conditioning units. And we you know we build everything with both through panel so we had to back feed the panel from a 13,800 volt substation. We had a breaker sitting on the floor, so that we could power the panel without taking the main breaker offline, remove the breaker replace the breaker, and then transfer the power back to the replaced breaker. All in the middle of a storm with no electrician on site. Yeah, that was that was interesting. That's, that's probably the most interesting one I can think of. I have a few others but that one. The only other one I can think of is standing next to an electrical engineering mechanic or knee mechanic, while he was working on the main input for a 13,800 volt two megawatt substation with a with a two by four, prepared to pry him away from it if anything is shorted through him. Yeah, I didn't expect that answer. Yeah, it all seemed to come down to power. Those are the interesting ones. Yeah. Okay, so what are the most exciting technical developments that your teams are currently involved with that will enable you to improve what you do. I think I was out with Rudolph on that one that will be an interesting one. So what hopefully I mean, well, I mean we, we, you know, TSF certainly the engineering department have a great history of taking off the shelf products and hardware ripping it apart and making it good for the field. So I often go in the office and the place is just littered with equipment and I do wonder how they actually put it back together sometimes but so we've got a pretty good history and kind of adapting technology and obviously we, we rely pretty heavily on satellite. And that really the challenge there is really to be able to send as much data, make as many calls through the smallest pipe possible. So that's, that's the challenge so network traffic management is absolutely key. We do a lot of reverse engineering for quality of service for the voice side, which kind of supports our calling operations as well. And then we also kind of post events and we will leave equipment on site and we've done this we did that for for the hurricane in the Bahamas. And we will actually train teams, local responders on the ground in order to use that equipment so the response is even quicker. So that's something we also develop as part of the strategy. Okay, thank you. You broke up a little bit for me but I think I've got most of what you said this. Thank you very much. The same question to Rosa this time. Well, for us. What are the things that we're trying to do is, you know, we have been an edge data center forever, just based on our geographic location but what we have seen is especially recent is just the building demand to have access to the big major public clouds. I mean they're just we with a million eyeballs here in Hawaii, mostly on the island of Wahoo, just the public clouds just can't justify creating a node in Hawaii so what we're trying to do now. And we are probably going to launch within the next few weeks is actually just the direct connections to a lot of these public clouds so it will be a major differentiator for dr fortress. In order for our customers to just be able to from our facility be able to have a single direct connection so again it's it's the demand has been just time being able to get to those the latency. There's only so much you can do with latency across the Pacific. And so, with having direct connections and with with having a really solid network design that we're working with a lot of the public cloud providers, being able to put that together has is really something for us because it's just been this constant need for our customers that we haven't been able to meet for them or they're just it's the demand is now here. I'm not sure if it was pandemic related or just the right time at the right place. We're putting that together. That's really exciting. I know for you know for 365 or for stream. It's probably like, yeah done no problem but here in Hawaii where there is no dark fiber available between the cable landing stations and the data centers. You don't have reliable connectivity at all times so we're us trying to set this up will really be just a key product for our customers. So I'm really excited about that. Okay, thank you, Rosa. So for you Mike I suppose what what I well what people are usually calling cloud network exchanges in from data centers into the public cloud is that something that you're dabbling with in terms of product development or is there any other area that's been accelerated by these times for you and your organization. Sure. So stream, you know our vision and kind of where we see our value proposition is not as an edge or connectivity solution to customers. It's more of a replacement for your existing enterprise on prem or for immediate capacity to some of the providers right so the markets that we've chosen selectively to deploy our new hyper scale product in our Chicago Phoenix and Dallas, and we have existing properties in Minnesota Houston, San Antonio. So really the product development lifecycle again, not focused on the interconnection, but we do have to keep that at top of mind when we are selecting a site because we need to make sure that we're close to the fiber routes. As Rosa pointed out we probably don't have as much of a challenge finding fiber routes in Dallas Phoenix and Chicago, as she does in Hawaii. So you know we are grateful for that. But you know looking at our typical customer where we're looking to lease you know multi megawatts to a few hundred kilowatts etc. We're trying to appease all of those demands, and it's very challenging to build one product that is going to appease enterprise that's looking for 300 kilowatts versus a hyper scalar that's looking for, you know, three, five megawatts at a time. So that's really my role is to take all this feedback and make sure that we are developing our stream data center spec product to be flexible enough that we can meet the demands of the enterprises while still being competitive with the other providers to meet the demands of the hyper scalers. I'm especially excited our Phoenix campus 350 megawatts of redundant power, so we'll have plenty of lessons to be learned there as we iterate on our design, and you know definitely looking forward to seeing what's out there. Also, you know, we've learned a lot as stream doing 250 megawatts so far mostly built suit for enterprises so we've taken a lot of those lessons learned we understand the enterprise customer intently, and we're looking to also support the hyper scalers well too. Thank you. So, so James is that similar to you or is there some aspect of development that you're gravitating to based on customer development. I think that Mike and Rosa and I are all largely in the same state. You know that really there, there isn't a lot of new technology directly that I'm employing. It's, it's largely how we're using, in our case existing technology, or the combinations of technology or to what Rudolph was actually saying, the repurposing and maybe slight modification of technology to fit our needs a little bit better than it did out of the box. You know, in a lot of cases, you know, we're interested in okay, you know, particular to the hurricanes, how, how can we provide additional layers of redundancy to customers. You know, the net this the networking world the facilities world the power world. Most of the building blocks have been there for quite some time now maybe somebody is has made something two to 5% more efficient or something over the years but largely the building blocks are there it's a matter of okay. Well, can I find a way to not take up any more floor space and not create any more floor loading but add an extra 15 minutes of runtime to my ups. Can I, you know, hey is the new generator going to be able to run for an extra four hours on the same amount of fuel. You know, am I going to be able to, you know, is new DWDM system from the standpoint of network going to be able to handle, you know, providing redundant connectivity from, you know, from this location to the other location that the customer needs, and how many more customers can I carry on that and still maintain that level of redundancy. So, you know, in my mind, a lot of what we're doing is just, you know, to Rosa's problem every location has a has a specific set of issues. Rosa you were talking about, you know, not having easy fiber availability well, you know, you know, we're not really talking about new technology we're just talking about getting access to existing technology or maybe maybe digging a trench in the ground and laying in fiber. And Mike, you know, you were speaking of, you know, different different locations I think it was Dallas that had some some specific issues and, you know, every facility in every location has a specific subset of problems you need to deal with. And a lot of times there isn't a ready made solution so you know as as a network and facilities team we kind of need to sometimes roll our own based on the technology that's out there so I find that the combinations of technology is more what I find interesting and it's helped us a lot more in the long term. You know, whether it be network facilities power air conditioning, etc. Okay, if you carry that theme on for a bit which is kind of an extension of what Rudolph said so if you're kind of reimagining existing activity and we combine them in brand new ways for different setting different outcomes in terms of new innovation. Is any of that happening around the context of the need to improve what you're doing in a hurricane season or accelerating because of the pandemic. Is there any kind of new innovations using these new type kind of fourth industrial revolution type technologies like AI, or those sort of things is there any of that that's on your plate now that you're accelerating because you need to go faster to deploy them. And if I leave that with James first to begin with. I don't know is I don't know is hurricane is changing a whole lot, simply because we've all been here for a while and hurricanes have been something that we've been concerned about forever. Certainly, the pandemic has has made some changes. We've we've seen a lot I mean, just in the connectivity issue you know historically our customers anyway, we've offered them connectivity to their office via, you know, fiber connections or copper connections different types of telecom technologies, VPN over their existing internet you know, however but but at this point with everybody distributed and working from home we're seeing a lot of people have other types of issues, you know, the variable latency across the internet. You know, not, you know, living in in areas that don't have great internet. Don't have stable internet. We've seen our internet availability at our facilities. And yes, like from from an AI point of view in particular, you know, we've seen a lot more SD when deployments out there, and a lot of people seem to be reaching for that. Now that people have kind of started to stabilize their goals post the initial pandemic outbreak. And, you know, there's a lot of higher level work and some of the and some of the SD when platforms out there where they have a lot of automation or AI to an extent, figuring out pathing figuring out, you know, hey this application is latency so we'll send it the low the low bandwidth low latency path. This application is not we'll send it the high bandwidth high latency path. You know, this can go via satellite. This can't. And, and there's, and there's a lot of intelligence there with the number of applications we use. And while a lot of stuff seems to be kind of converging on on web based stuff. You know, communication protocols and such. You know, one application over a website versus another application over over a web protocol perform very differently and it takes quite a lot of technology to figure out how that works so you know that's that's one example. From a facilities point of view from a data center point of view I'm not sure, you know, the anything that helps us operate with fewer staff members on site, so that we can kind of keep the people on site as slim as possible let people stay at home with their families prevent as much travel as possible. It you know is something we're certainly looking into. And, you know, we've improved a lot of our security door controls and stuff like that with with systems that require less hands on systems that are more reliable. You know, those sorts of things seem to be the direction that things have been going in the last couple months. Okay, thank you very much. So so Mike, is that the same for you or is there is it less about, you know, SD SDM or SD one. And that new stuff and is as and is it more about what you can do more efficiently around your operations or would you sell that in terms of innovation. You know, for innovation, right, we will definitely investigate the use of things like machine learning to help us with predictive maintenance in the future. Something that we're just in the data gathering phases of right you need good data to make good decisions. But I think most interesting to myself and I think the industry to is just the increase in demand for compute due to these technologies being so easy to leverage by end users. Right. And, you know, that's that's going to be what drives the demand into other, you know, co location facilities on prem hyperscalers cloud etc. You know the nerd in me, I'm especially excited. You look at what Google's doing, where they're aligning non time critical workloads with renewable energy supply. Right, I think that kind of effective use of capacity is really where us as data center operators in the future can provide a benefit to our customers that don't have those resources at their hands to, you know, either get renewable energy or operate their facilities in a manner that would align with that supply. Thank you. Thank you, Mike. So, Rosa, can I just ask for your brief recount on that and also Rudolph and you came and then we'll, we'll segue into Cal. Yeah, so really sure. Absolutely. Well, first of all, the CFO in me is just really excited about anything that James was talking about improvements in equipment efficiency and PUE that always goes down to the bottom line and helps with EBITDA so any sort of innovation where you are improving the operational efficiencies of the facility makes just CFOs days. So that's, you know, absolutely critical and in our facility we're constantly looking for that. You can look around the country and look at power costs, and when we're sitting here in Hawaii with 21 to 24 cents per kilowatt hour, to other parts of the country, just any innovation in the power and efficiencies for both cooling and PUE are absolutely critical for the facility. I mean anywhere it is but just more so with in areas where the cost of power is just so so astronomically high and in order to stay competitive we need to make sure that we implement those so innovation as far as facility wise that's what we're always looking into. So that I think that's really critical for most data centers. Thank you. And then last week Rudolph, innovation in your areas, reimagining what you're already doing briefly. Well, I think I mean we've we've we've rated to COVID first I think what we've had to do is have a shift in some of our long term programs so we've run a lot of long term educational programs and we basically have to move that out of the classroom to virtual education system so that's probably been one of the immediate challenges I would say of COVID to be able to shift that and to continue providing those services. I think in general innovation wise we utilize satellite a lot and you know now we're seeing like a proliferation of low orbit satellite for broadband service, which for us would be great because you know this provides cheaper and faster kind of more reliable method of communication especially for an emergency deployment. So that's something we're looking into a lot right now. Thank you very much and thank you everybody that was fantastic really enjoyed that conversation. The fact that I'm over here in England and the conversation with you shows that communications is working very well. And thank you very much Cal for inviting me and JSA back to Cal. Yes, thank you everyone for your tips for hurricane season network preparedness. This was an amazing discussion. Thank you so much Dennis partner at Cambridge MC for keeping us on point today, and as well thank you to all our all star panelists Rosa white DR fortress, Mike with citrus stream data centers, James Ashton 365 data centers Rudolph Gordon Seymour telecom song frontier. Just a quick reminder, our speakers are staying on for the remainder of the lunch hour to answer any more of your questions on LinkedIn. You can search for hashtag JSA virtual roundtables, or to make it a lot easier on yourself just click the direct link in the chat box to continue the Q&A. And viewers, if you were one of our first 100 registrants. We hope you enjoyed your lunch. Go ahead and visit us at jsa.net to register for upcoming JSA virtual roundtables, including our next one on September 17, which will examine diversity and the ever evolving face of tech and technology. That's a wrap. Look out for the playback of today's roundtable coming soon to JSA TV and JSA podcasts on YouTube, iTunes, I heart spotify and more. In the meantime, see you over on LinkedIn. Happy networking.