 Felly oeddwn y cwrdd am BUTL yn unig, fan ymwelch i fwg fawr. Fellywydd maen nhw'n meddwl, a'r fawr yn ni'n meddwl. Felly yn gweithio, yn cymdeithasio cynfaig cymaint ac y dyfodol, nid chi wedi eu cadw i eu falu, felly i chi'n mynd i fried cymdeithasio cymaint. Felly os yw'n meddwl i ffrwng, maintained company colleag calling what you will miss the young you will be doing the rest of talk when you do the quick five-minute redux에서 was about which essentially starts out by saying that everything you kind of see in terms of digital services and apps and little things that you stick to your wrist they are a bit kind of dodgy if not useless your body is a function of hundreds of thousands of years of the revolution rydym yn ei ddweud o'ch cyfnod yn y maen nhw i ddiweddol ar gyfer maen nhw. Y ddiweddol ar gyfer maen nhw, rydym yn ei ddod yn y cyfnod, yn ydych yn ddod yn y cyfnod yn y ddod, ac yn bwysig un o'r wael ac yn bwysig unig. Mae'r unrhyw yddiwch cyffredig ddweud o ddweud i ffrwd yn ymgyrch. Mae'r unrhyw y gallu Caleffoniaid yn oed yn ychynig yw'r ddweud hynny yn y ddweud 400 grwm ddweud o ddweud i ffrwd yn y ddweud, yn ymlaen ni'n gael ymchwil. Felly, mae'n gymhwynd yn niwgag i ddeud iawn, yn niwgag, iddyn nhw'n gallu ddweud yw yn ymdeg iawn. Mae'r falch maen fynd yn Daufann i'r Gwasan a'r meddwl wahanol dyma, yn fwy fan'r cyffredig, i wneud dyma nhw. A chi'n cael ei anghydd o'r eich yrdyme a mynd i gael ond erbyn. Mae yna dweud hynny oherwydd y mod i'r llunawd mae'r meddwl yng nghymru yn ddeud ac yn ei gwaith o'r banan ar-deddu. Mae'r cyfnod o'r dda ni'n gwneud, mae'n gweithio'r ystodol mewn gwirio ar-dynion, a maen nhw'n dychydig i'ch gyda ni'r hwn yn ei gweithio'r amser yn y rhan o'r gweithio'r cyfle, i weld ymdweithio'n gwirio gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio i'w ddechrau'r fathurau'r gweithio sy'n dweud. Mae'n ddweud yng Nghymru yn ymgyrch ar-dynion wedi'i gweithio'r llanoddau ar-dynion. Myllwn i ddechreu ein gweithio ar y cwefnodd. Mae ydych yn gweithio ar y cwefnodd yn ei bod i chi hyn yn yn ddod. Byt rhywbeth fy fiegledd yn gyflau, yn fwy fach, yn fag, dda chi'n bryd i'ch sgud, yw fy fag, yw'r fag wedi'ch myfydlu yn gweithio i chi. Mae'r byw yw yw amser ar gyfer y gwethau. Yw fod rhywbeth rywbeth yn gweithio yn gweithio i chi, ..ynghylch ar y cyllid â oeddiad. Felly mae'r hawliau yn fwyaf cyflym gyda'r thymiaeth yw... ..ynghylch ar gyfer o'r dyfodol. Yr mwyaf yw'r gwrth yng Nghaerffod yw'r ffordd o'r modd yw'r cyllid... ..y'r ffordd o'r modd yw'r cyllid a'r mwyaf eraill. Mae'r gweithio'r llwyddo yn cael ei awnol... ..y'r ddyfodol o'r cyllid a'r cyllid... ..y'r cyllid o'r cyllid a'r cyllid a'r cyllid o'r cyllid o'r cyllid. Yn mynd i'r cydnog, Artur Llyfrthinc, ac o'i mwylau iddyn nhw, fel y gallwn i'r un fanol, gallw'n mynd i'w rhan o ddigwyr ysgrif yn y tub, ac mae'r ddisglu yn teisgood ystgrif, ac mae'r cydnog, mae'r ddaeth ychydigfyrdd y blCK drwng a ydw i wneud drwng gydig gan bod nhw'n dweud gwych. mae'r ddweud ydymach yn cael ei ddechrauWhen ddweud yn y ddweud ddweud hynny gan ddweud gyda y dympourediaeth, a gymryd ddwy modd, ac ydy'r bod ni'n dweud y ffordd, mae'r bod yn y troi sy'n meddwl, mae'n mynd i ddod yn y dyfodol, mae'n mynd i ddod yn gyffredig y cynyddiadau teimlo. Dyn ni'n byw'r hwnnw, mae'n mynd i ddwy'n ddwy'n gyfanol. ac mae'r ddwy'r ddwy'n mynd i'w ddwy o'r ddwy yma sydd wedi'n meddwl neu mae'r meddwl yn gweld yn yr oedd yn ymgyrchol, mae'r boblistau er mwyn ar y dyfodol yw'n gweithio, ac mae'n gweithio i'r gwneudio i'r argynno gyda y rhan o'r maen nhw i'r cyllid ystod yma, ac yn rhan o'r rhan o'r bodr ystod yn ymdau. Y llwyddo. Eftan, rydyn ni'n dda, rydyn ni'n dda, rydyn ni'n ddod i'r ddysgu'r rhan o'r rhan o'r rhan o'r bair y llwyddo a'r ddod i'r lŵdd o'r ege-devise. Felly, mae'r ddau cymaint gwaith o'n ffraith o'r ddau, Mae'n gwneud bod y Panyfant, a-and-and-ad i chi'n fynd i'r yw'r rhryn yw'r ymddug gyda'r h抱 gyda, ond, rydych chi'n fawr. Felly, fydd gan wych yn ni. Yn oedd ar y gyfer Iann, a ydych chi'n gynnyddol o'r gynhyrchu yn gobeithio i ddwyd. Rwyf wedi gwybod i chi, mae fydda ni'n gweithio'r hyn yn ei gweithio. Rwyf wedi ei wneud? Rwyf yn ni. Rwyf wedi Ch patent. Ymddug ymddug. Rydych chi'n gweithio ar y cyfffun? Felly yna'n gwybod. Yn ystod hynny'n gweithio'r gwaith? Felly ddaw ein hwyl am ddweud o'r hwyl y cyfrifolau. Felly ddod yn rhaid o gweithio ar y cyfrifolau ac rhaid i ddim yn gweithio'r gwaith yma yn y ddweud y gweithio. Yn o'r gweithio'r gwaith yma'n gweithio? Yn o'r gweithio'n gweithio'r gwaith. Mae'n gweithio'r gweithio ar gyfer y gyfan gwasanaethau. Yn o'r gweithio'r gwaith ffordd dyma, felly, dwi'n gwybod, yn fawr. Ac mae'n gwybod, felly mae'n gwybod, yn fawr, yn fawr. Yn y cwbl o fanydd, byddwn ni wedi'i gweithio'r gwaith o ddweud o'r bwysig o fynd. Rwyf wedi'u gweithio'r router C&C, felly mae'n gweithio'r 3D printer, ond mae'n gweithio'r material, yn fwyntio'r material, felly mae'n gweithio'r wood, aluminium, ond mae'n gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio. A os ydych chi'n bywyd yn ymwneud, yw'n gweithio'r bywyd i'w ddioled o'r bywyd. Fodd na'n eich drogyn amfer. Mae'n bywyd yn gorfod o'r bywyd. Gwyd yn ymwneud o'i bywyd i'w bywyd. Roedd fod yn ysgolol, mae'n mynd i'n gweithio y bywyd i'w bywyd, a'r gweithio'r bywyd i'w bywyd i'w bywyd i'w bywyd. Mae'n gweithio'r bywyd i'w gweithio'r bywyd. Mae'n gweithio'r bywyd i'w bywyd. That got us thinking about what we can do with it. We'll do it on the fly slides because it didn't bring mine. It's a very nice hammer equal CNC sign. So what happens is you're looking for things to do with this machine. Normally you just pick a job and find the tools that go with it. And we just had a tool and we're clueless about what to do with it. That kind of led us to building... No, that's not true. Someone showed us an episode of... What's it called? Grand Design. It's a BBC show, you might have seen it. They take these old weird houses or like a water tower or train shed or something and they build someone's awesome... Sorry, what? Fasset homes. Don't mind that. So what happens is they built this house out of plywood and it looks amazing. And what they did, what they actually did differently than any other building companies. They bring a shipping container with a CNC machine in the shipping container to the site that they want to build at. And they just shove in these sheets of plywood, the regular ones that you use or you get at the building depot. And from these sheets of plywood they cut all kinds of shapes and they stick them together with nails and this pneumatic hammer thing. And from these things they build boxes. These boxes go on the floor and they comprise all the walls and they make the ceiling out of them. And these things actually turn into a really awesome, cool house. Do you have anything online? Why not? I don't know which one it is. The internet's broken. Is it? Amran's broken. Amran's broken. We knew that. Which one is it? Fasset. I don't know what you're doing. What are you doing? Sorry. I'll carry on, shall I? Yeah, you can. Using this construction method, they basically pin a bunch of metal spikes into the ground, lay down wood planks and then attach the boxes onto the wood so they'll make a floor out of these cuboidal boxes and then the walls and then the ceiling and then walls and then the roof. It's not really visible, is it? Well, let me try and fix it. You try and figure with the browser thing. So what they do is they design the whole house in irregular outer cut or something and they design every single one of these boxes. Which is nice, awesome. They can build every shape they want. They build tree house like things. They build mansions, they build this little thing. This obviously takes them a lot of time to get from someone's plan, someone's design in their head and then doing the whole architectural thing, designing the whole house off-site in a 3D program. And then once they've done all this, they go on-site, hopefully in summer, and they just mill or print the whole thing in two or three weeks. And if they find something that they overlooked, they change the design, do another piece of plywood in the machine and then outcomes the piece they need. I'm a programmer and I like to do logical things and I like to do things that I can reproduce. He's boring. That's why the whole CNC machine intrigued me. I can make a computer do what I want in the physical world. And seeing that episode of Grand Designs, I thought, what are they doing? Why are they deliberately trying to add hours into this project? They're just designing this thing for months and months on end and then the client comes in and it's gone winter now. I'd like thicker walls to need more overhang on the ceilings and whatever. They just keep changing the models and keep changing whatever they want because they're getting time to do this. They're kind of bowled down to, why aren't we doing this in software? It's not a really difficult problem. It's a problem that has a lot of... What are you doing? A lot of steps involved but it's not difficult. There's no rocket science involved. That made us think about what you really want to do. You want to have something like a browser where you can go in on your iPad or your work computer while you're at work. Your boss doesn't know about this. You go online and you just draw the outline of your house. You probably can afford and want to use as a house. You draw your living room, you draw your sleeping bedroom things and bathroom and on that map you take the time to actually mark down where you want to have power sockets and water and windows and all that kind of stuff. You can do all that stuff in a browser nowadays. Browsers are amazing. Three years from now by the time we get to actually building a house, they'll be even better. You just draw the building plan like you do in Sims or in the hospital, maybe you're familiar with these games. Once you've done that and at some point in your life you'll actually be able to buy and afford a plot of land to build on. That's the moment you want to have some speed in a browser. You don't want to have the piece of land sitting there for two and a half years while some architect does all this architecture things. I don't know, they might do really fancy things. I've never talked to an architect before. But what you really want is to have the house the next month because you don't want to have money going through your old house and money going to your new site and that being some muddy pool where you can't live. We think it's possible to actually make a building plan out of this floor plan and slice it up into wall segments like these. That's a wall three metres wide. We need that many boxes. That's a wall that many metres wide. That many boxes. This is a box with a hole on this place for the electrical sockets or the water mains or whatever. You can all do this in soccer and from there on you just get all these box designs and shove that onto the next program which will actually render the box and all the stuff that needs to be cut by the CNC machine. There's not really a point to this except for the fact that if you do this in software you can just tinker on it, you can work on it, you can build it, you can build it on scale models and then by the time you get by to building a house you probably have running software that you can use to actually build it. Hopefully you've been sharing this on GitHub or some other program or software and people can actually help you add features to the house. I'm guessing you can start out with having a shed-like structure, 90-degree angles, not too many weird windows and that kind of stuff, but if time advances and more people add and join and start building code for this, it shouldn't be too difficult to add roofs like this or flat roofs or suspension or whatever. You can do either things. What Jan is not explicitly saying is that picture there, every line was hand drawn and what we're saying is you can automate that and you can get a piece of software to draw it for you. Pretty much. So we think this could kind of transform middle-class low-income housing quite exceptionally. It would put the means of construction essentially in the hands of people rather than architects. You still have to abide by the laws and regulations but you can build that into the software to make sure things meet those standards and the architecture, architect, sorry, just becomes a checkbox. It's like, does the architect okay the plan? Yes, go ahead, build it. I think the beauty of it is you can build... They've already built houses like this and they've had about five people build the whole house. You can also work in technology into this so you can fill the gaps with insulation. You can work in underground heating. If you buy standard-sized glass panels for windows, you can also work in extra insulation that way. You can also include implicit design features which are meant for human beings because if you buy a modern house right now, you might have a little plug-in-the-wall for your internet but they don't put a power socket there. They put a power socket in one end of the living room. It's like, what's the point? You're doing it on cost purposes and you're doing it for your own convenience. You're not doing it for the convenience of the person buying the house. So it doesn't just end with little sockets. It goes right down to things like bathroom, placement of rooms, layout of the house. It can be customised quite a lot in the beginning and produce a plan for a house which you can build with you and your friends, pretty much. While we were thinking about what you can do as soon as you actually remove steps from your hands and give them to the computer, that gives you a bunch of opportunities that, you know, they're not really obvious at the front but what do you think about them? For example, why does everyone always rent some dude to do their kitchen or rent some dude to do the tiles in the bathroom? Because we don't do that very often. We do that once and then you need to live in that bathroom for 10 years so you see every tile that's slightly off. So that's why you pay some bloke who doesn't even properly speak English like me. A whole bunch of money and they tile the whole room. Yay, it's all straight-ish. If you do this, if you design the house on a computer and if you actually have a computer cutter, like a router, cut out the actual wall panels in your bathroom, you could easily ask the computer to just mill out square pieces where the tiles should fit. Just tell the computer how big the tiles are, what kind of configuration you like. You can do this in software, you can work on this for weeks because that's what we're good at. You can do this on the couch, bring the code, make the code, share the code, whatever. By the time you actually get to building a bathroom, you just buy the tiles and then the computer will make all these nice little boxes where you can put your tiles in and it will be straight. Same goes for underfloor heating. You can just ask the computer to just make these little... What's it called? Things that you put things in. Ditches in your ground so you can lay the underfloor heating in. Question? Hang on. Testing? Do you think the future will be going this way or will it be using 3D printers to print the house? The thing with 3D printers is what they don't tell you is they're really precision machines, like 0.01 precision. To have that kind of precision, the machine sits on needs to be perfectly level and perfectly flat in all planes in all directions. It needs to be dust-free because if a bit of dust and it's printing a house in 3D, wherever the bit of dust is, it slightly raises the gantry so there's a little notch all the way up the side of your house, but not only that, you've got to level out all the ground around where you want to build to be perfectly flat. That's completely useless. You're going to spend tens of thousands of euros or pounds of whatever currency you use here to completely level out a bit of area so you can 3D print it. We reckon we can build a two bedroom house for this in about 30,000 euros, which is not silly money, it's not insane money, young people can afford it. That's how much it would cost just to level out the ground just to build 3D printing for 3D houses. They don't work in disaster areas because you can't even build a cardboard house in disaster areas without trouble. How are you going to get a machine that requires tolerance of 0.1 millimetres? I was just reading this last week or so. I think in this country that has built a converted 3D printer to do a castle-like summer house in his back garden. It's not a castle, it's a summer house, but it looks like a castle. I think the only real problem that he mentioned was having to mix up the cement himself to get it accurate. I've never tried 3D printing myself, so... Well, designing these machines that go X, Y and Z, all the three axes, means that the machine needs to be absolutely 100% rigid, and the bigger that machine gets, the bigger the problems get with the general engineering. Building a bigger CNC is a pretty big problem, but the CNC only needs to be as big as the biggest box, 100 times smaller than the actual size of your house. The machine can be in an enclosed area. It can be in a shipping container, whereas your 3D printer needs to be out in the wind and the rain and all that kind of stuff. Even then, if you're going to pump up all the concrete to the second floor, that means you have this huge load of weight shifting all the way up, and your machine needs to be capable of holding all that weight up and twisting, because, like you said, it'd be weird if your top half of the building is to slide me up. Doesn't look right. If I'm understanding correctly, you're saying that you can use this technique to build affordable homes. So for a complete home, how much do you think that would cost in euros? I know the facet guys. There's a construction company in the UK that actually does this, and they spend, I think, half of the money on drawing the cat things and doing all the work in advance that the software could do. They make amazing buildings because they spend a little bit of time on it. So if you build a building with this technique, what sort of project could you build a complete house for? We did the costing on the plywood and some of the other costs, and we think it's around 30,000 euros for a very small two-bedroom house. So 30,000 pounds for a complete house. So when's that going to be in Kickstarter? No, so this project is also taking the viewpoint of the open philosophy, so our designs will be open, our documentation will be open. We kind of expect people to take it. The problem is you need a lot of expertise to get involved with the project to do it, and that's a barrier to entry, sure, but it's not a barrier entry to use it. So maybe small companies pop up that use it and kind of start spreading it around. We're doing it as a thing of passion, as a project, a private project for us. We're not looking for funding. We're not necessarily looking... I'm going to do this anyway. I'm going to take me some years to actually make a house out of it, but that's fine. But to give you an example, a piece of wood bigger than this black one I'm standing on, I'm not sure if you can actually see it. There's a corner here, and there's a corner of the beam here. That will set you back about seven euros if you buy enough of them, and enough is what you need for a house anyway. So the economy scale compared to, you know, building something out of wood and then building a house out of wood is tremendous. Like I said, 30,000 euros for a small house should be doable. And... I don't know... I know that the English guys do some steel framing if they need to go across the living room and it's smaller than six metres wide, but even those things are not that expensive. So, yeah. Any other questions? We've got one on the back here. If you have time, I think probably you've got to wrap up after this. Just... in terms of the cost to the company who starts doing this, would that just be the CNC machine? Is it all quite standard, or would it require some specialist, large-scale CNC machine? No, I mean you can use the CNC that fits inside a container. That's what the guys who did this originally did. The CNC machines that they used are standard round-the-mill, not very special, not very accurate machines they buy. I think about... they spend about 30,000 euros on the container and the CNC machine and all the other crap that they think they need. And that's something you can just sell off at the end, or maybe borrow, or rent, or whatever. So that's an investment you need to make, which is obviously the same for a small and a big building, if you want to make more buildings, that's fine with the same CNC machine. And I think you can build one yourself if you're into that kind of things. You can build a big enough CNC machine for about 5,000 pounds. About how long do you think the house is the last? If you make this plywood, it doesn't sound the sturdiest and the most long-lasting material. Well, you can build these things in the rain. And then what you tend to do is you tend to render them externally. So it makes them more weatherproof. But what do you end up with? Lime or something like that? Pick a material. It's up to you. The English company, they're actually using standard rendering for the outside. Same thing you'd put on a brick building or something, just to seal it. They've also done houses where they just put sheets of metal on and it looks nice because it will give this rusty feel on the outside. As soon as the rain hits this barrier and there's a bit of dry air behind it, it's fine. The videos they've done all this work for us, they've paid in the whole thing, but it doesn't matter. It's a source code. What are you going to do? What they did is they asked insurance companies to see if it's safe and they said, well, insurance costs are the same for a regular building. Life expectancy is at least 30 years, which is, well, it's not as much as a brick and mortar building maybe, but in the end, if something starts rotting, you just take out the box and put a new one in. If worse comes to worse, you could always do that. Think that's it? Yeah. Thank you very much. We had two talks at the price of one there. We had hacking healthcare and Amra's insight into how to take care of yourself and all about new forms of construction. I don't know why you're not putting in Kickstarter. You get some money on that. Who would say no to Amra's? We want to keep control of how we would do it. If we had to do it on Kickstarter and raise funding, we'd give away control and essentially the project isn't free anymore and what's the point of doing this if a company holds it, it will just die? I'll build a house. Thank you very much.