 Excuse me. Yes, come. Good afternoon. Good afternoon. Please sit down. Thank you. You are Ms. Ishwariya, isn't it? Aishwariya. Aishwariya. Okay. Now, you are already in the railway accounts service. Yes, sir. You just qualified, isn't it? Have you joined? Yes, sir. I am currently in my probation period. Probation period. In a reform settlement. Okay. You joined the training also? Yes, sir. Okay. Good. Why is our constitution so working? Because India is a diverse nation with so much complexities. In order to account for all the necessary requirements, a constitution is working. For example, we have so many languages, so many different ethnicities and so much culture. To account for that and all, and to correct our historical errors, a constitution is working, sir. Okay. Please talk some of the provisions, which provide for social justice. Social justice. Yes, sir. The director principles of a constitution provides for social justice. And it also aims at distribution of wealth, minimization of inequality and all. And also we have abolition of antechability. All these articles provide for social equality, sir. And the commitment for 15 and 16? Yes, director principles of state policy and abolition of antechability. Article 17, sir. And the reservation 15 and 16? Yes, sir. Are they not instruments of social justice? Yes, sir. There are many articles also. So, they are fundamental rights. You talk about... DPSB and also this. Okay. Now you talk about untouchability. Yes, sir. What is untouchability in the Indian context? Yes, sir. And is the gravity reflected in the constitution also? Yes, sir. Abolition of untouchability is one of the absolute provision in the constitution of India where there is no compromise at all. So, untouchability is not just the literal meaning of not touching a person. It's a wide range of discrimination and discriminatory practices according to a section of population, ranging from separate household, separate discriminatory practices in employment and other... What are the dimensions of life, sir? Okay. A civil caste and civil behaviour, that's the history of those news. Why? What happened to Supreme Court? Yes, sir. They have been seized of this matter. Yes, sir. There have been certain amendments to reduce the intensity of that, like curbing down the non-variable provisions and also arresting without any prior sanction. So, these amendments were then strike down by Supreme Court, citing that there are still so many crimes committed against the assayistic communities. And this necessary safeguard should not be diluted. That's it. Did you strike down the amendment? Yes, sir. It's been nazified. The Supreme Court has ordered the government to revert back to the original statute where all the safeguards are still available to them. The government came back to the original and that has been out. Can you tell us about some of the laws which some of the judgments of the Supreme Court on gender justice? Gender justice, yes. The famous Vishakha Guidelines to protect women against sexual harassment at workplace is one of them. Does that just feel like you say that it's Vishakha Guidelines? Yes, sir. We are following that on the sexual harassment workplace. The she-box, everything is following those guidelines, sir. We have an act now. The guidelines were replaced only till there was a vacuum. Okay, sir. The judgment itself sometime. Any other judgment which is not about gender justice? Some recent judgments. The Supreme Court also has thought for equality among Muslim women, sir. And the Sabarimala judgments also renounce for equality of women gender justice. All of them is covered under those words, sir. Thank you. Thank you, sir. Ishwari, I am from Tamil Nadu. Now, sometime ago, the Supreme Court upgraded the speaker of the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly. What was the reason for the Supreme Court's criticism of these actions? Sir, it was arbitrary disqualification of MPs without some rules. I think that was the issue, sir. But I am not exactly sure, sir. It was not for any action. It was for non-action. Okay, sir. You were sitting on a petition filed by the opposition to take action against defection, but he was just sitting on it. Three years he sat on the issue. That's why he was criticized by the Supreme Court. And to curb that kind of inaction on the part of speakers or unfair action, the Supreme Court also gave some suggestions to the government. Some recommendations were made to decide on this defection under the 10th schedule. Yes, under the 10th schedule we have provisions to decide on what constitutes under defection and what doesn't constitute under defection. But the Supreme Court suggested an alternative mechanism. Okay, sir. Floor test? No. Sorry, sir. An independent tribunal. Okay, sir. They said that an independent tribunal could look into alleged cases of defection and related matters. Anyway, read up on this. Okay, sir. As a student of sociology, do you support caste-based reservations? Yes, I do support caste-based reservations at least for now, many sections of the society are at different portions of the ladder. So reservation is a level-paying field to provide opportunities for those sections which are historically deprived and which did not have the opportunities which other communities had. So I support caste-based reservations and once people achieve the necessary level-paying field, I think that time we can withdraw the reservations. Okay. And again on sociology, what is the difference between modernization and westernization? These two concepts. Sir, modernization is the radical way of thought which is coloured by the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity. It is a change at the ideological level. Whereas westernization is just the outward copying of the standards of the western society be it clothing or other practices like food habits and all that. Okay. How would you describe the state of the Indian economy? Currently we have this idea of going into $5 trillion economy but still there are many planning issues like unemployment and mainly agrarian crisis. So I think we have to focus on agriculture to increase the employment and this would make our economic situation much better. And also we are doing very well on the service sector and manufacturing sector also we are making good progress in making India initiative. Any bright spots who can identify? For example, sunrise sectors are coming up like food processing industry and startup ecosystem is much better. I am not referring to alluding to sectors. Any bright spots as far as the overall health of the economy is concerned some positive indicators macroeconomic indicators. Sir, the ease of doing business has improved very well and also the standard of living has also improved considerably. Literacy net has also improved to 69% Standard of living? That's a debatable question. Improvement in the literacy rate yes, it's indirectly linked to economic problems but my question was different. Okay sir. Anyway, we have a very healthy forex reserve that is one of the positive indicators. The inflation is under control, right? Okay sir. Our trade deficit has also shrunk now because of the this crisis I mean the slump in oil crisis that has helped. So these are some of the positive indicators. Last question have you been following the developments in UP recently there was a high court order which nullified some action taken by the government of UP in naming and stemming and TCAA rioters. Yes sir. Then the UP government came to the supreme court. What was the decision of the supreme court? Sir, I know the issue tells like the naming and stemming should not be done and it's against the fundamental right to life under article 21 and not to life dignity. Privacy. Privacy. Okay sir. And the supreme court refused to stay the high court order and it has left for the matter to a larger constitution then. But following that the UP government has come up with something. Sorry sir. They are planning to promulgate an ordinance by virtue of which they will recover the damages of property which have been destroyed here. Thank you. Thank you sir. You have been staying in Hyderabad for how long? One and a half months. Have you seen any of these places of tourist importance? Not yet sir. Before that we were in Baroda National Academy of Indian Highlights and we are currently posted to our CTR which is... Yes sir. Ramoji Funcetti I heard about that place sir. Then Hosein's other lake is there sir. I want to visit that. Then Charina also sir. No Sarajan museum? Sarajan museum. You have not heard about it? No sir. You know there is the largest single men's collection in the world? Okay sir. Largest? Okay. Since you are in the in the railways the bullet train project is all. Isn't it? Are you aware that some more projects are in the pipeline? Yes sir. Dedicated freight corridor is still in the pipeline? No bullet trains. When bullet trains will fly. Okay sir. Diamond co-ordinate project sir. There are certain areas. What I am saying is there are certain lines between two stations. Where they are going to introduce similar bullet trains in due course not right to be. First the bullet train between Bombay would be operationalized. Then meanwhile this is also on the end. We were not aware of. I am not aware about the other routes. Okay. Are you aware that the bullet train the ticket cost will be much more than the airfare? Sorry sir. You have no idea. No point asking. I thought if you know then perhaps why should people go by bullet train rather than going and not go by flights. But since you are not aware no point asking. But I still can analyse why people should choose bullet train sir. Sir. The convenience in travel in train is much better than airlines sir. Because in airlines you have to wait in check line for nearly two hours. You have to arrive before two hours and you have to wait half an hour later. And there is also luggage constraints. But coming to train those barriers are not there and you could have a peaceful journey most of the comfort level where in economic class we can only sit and we cannot stretch our legs. But coming to train there is ease and comfort level where it is much suited for most of the senior citizens and also other sections of people carrying babies and all. So high speed rail can also highly benefit the students who wish to come in from one city to another. Students like me can agree. Point expensive. Point expensive. It will be cheaper. Anyway. Do you think that the government should not run railways or hotels and it should be privatised? What do you have to say on this? Government should run railways sir because apart from being a commercial and attacking railways also has social obligations to cater to the last citizen of India. So I believe government should never purchase hands of railways. But in certain areas where to improve efficiency to the overflowing demand I think we can open private sector also sir. Any other reason as to why railways should not be privatised? Mainly social obligations sir and also the existing track capacity is very huge and sudden transfer to private sector would create roadblocks there and there is also the problem of private sector leaving the larger network in the midway itself. So we can't completely give our railways to private sector sir. As any private sector operator left any of the projects in the recent past midway No such recorded case sir. You are not aware of? I am not aware of it. In any metro, the airport metro line was with the Amin Ambalis but halfway through they left because they thought that it is not profitable. Yes sir. Okay, last question What are the mechanisms in place for fighting corruption in our country? What are the laws? What are the institutions? First of all we have legal measures like prevention of corruption act and we also have institutional bodies like central vigilance commission and central bureau of investigation. Any other act apart from prevention of corruption act in certain regulations by companies act we have to prevent corruption and also we are moving towards more technology and transparency to tackle corruption I think it is one of the best measures and which is producing lot of results in tackling corruption sir. Which are the institutions? Central vigilance commission central bureau of investigation and also the police and judiciary system sir. In the states is there any such system? In states we have state vigilance commission then police and judiciary mechanisms. Thank you. So Mr. Ashwarya you have given your first preference as the IAS and second preference is the income tax right? Now the government has recently announced a income tax scheme in which they have kind of an amnesty for income tax payers. Have you heard of that? Vivaat Se Vishwas Not heard about it? In the northeast there have been certain developments there is a population called the brouss also the riyans the resettlement has been recently finalized. Have you heard about that? Who are these brouss? Brouss and riyans are the ethnic tribal population of the state of Assam Assam You are from Bizura Sorry sir. Are you aware of how they landed up in Trapura? No sir. Are you aware of any insurgency movement in the northeast? Is the Naga insurgency movement a state? So now the Naga insurgency movement there is the demand for greater Nagalim right? What is this demand? Greater Nagalim is the combination of Nagas in different areas. Those different areas also include the population in Myanmar also and they want to regain their ethnic identity and all the Nagas of all the different areas they want to form a particular state and want to name it as greater Nagalim but there are issues like we have to coordinate with Myanmar for that and similar wave of demands would come in No, forget Myanmar Greater Nagalim demands what are the areas which they are demanding within the country? Which states are affected? Okay sir. Manipur is affected Assam is affected Arunachalapadesh is affected. The neighboring states So the Greater Nagalim demand is that the Naga population in these areas that contiguous areas to Nagaland should be merged into one state Okay sir. Now Nagaland the NSC and IEM government had worked out some kind of an agreement with them but why is the agreement not being finalized? What are the demands they give? No idea. Okay, now you heard of the Right to Information Act Yes sir. Now the Supreme Court recently in judgment had something to say on the AKM Can you tell me that? Maybe regarding the exclusions in the RTI Act No, basically it was that they said they ruled finally that the office of Chief Justice will also come under the ambit of the RTI Act. Earlier they were not engaging So what is this RTI Act and what is the significance of this Act? RTI Act is the foundation of good governance I believe it's a foundation of good governance where all the procedures and the modernities of the government are being conveyed to the public in a very transparent manner which is indeed a citizens basic right but there are certain functionaries who are exempted from RTI Act and periodically they are also being included under the RTI Act but certain functionaries which are of critical security importance they are excluded from RTI Act Yes, certainly government department with intelligence, agency and so on Now under the RTI Act can certain information be denied? Yes sir, if it is considered to be of critical national security importance it can be denied. There are 8 sections under section 8 of the RTI Act in which under various counts information can be denied. Now the RTI Act also talks of the Central Information Commission. What is the role of the CIC? The role of the CIC is to make sure all the information is diverse and if there is any appeal against non divergence of information the CIC has to step in and require accountability. Basically it is an appellate authority Primarily appellate authority so if you are not satisfied with the inputs provided at the lower level then you can second appeal to the information commission. Now what is the difference between the Central Information Commission and the State Information Commission? State Information Commission is the primary point of contact and when the Central Government functionaries are involved then the appellate authority would be CIC. Partly you are right. Basically the CIC don't come under the CIC. The CICs look after the State Government department and the CIC looks after the Central Government department. That is the issue. Now have you heard of the Collegium system in the Supreme Court? What is the Collegium system? The system is the grouping of senior judges in order to decide on the appointments of the judges to be made to High Court and Supreme Court. How many judges in the Supreme Court comprise the Collegium? The Chief Justice of India and four other senior most judges. Very good. I will ask you one more question. Supreme Court have recently given a judgment on reservations in promotions. It was an appeal which came from the Uttarakhand High Court. Are you aware of this? Tell me. Reservations in promotions for SA in history candidates and it is mainly because of their skewed representation at the top levels so reservation is given and many raise issues that reservations should be only at the initial level and after that the discrimination part is mostly over and reservations in promotions shouldn't be done but a certain amount of representation is necessary at the promotion. What did the Supreme Court say? What did the Supreme Court say in this case? It said that reservation in promotions is not a fundamental right. It is only an enabling cause. Okay. So now we end your interview. I will give you a feedback. How do you think you have done? I have done sir. You have done well. You already have a classroom service in your belt. Now as you would have faced in your earlier interview questions will come from your desk. And other questions can be from current events. So what we would suggest is you don't have much time now. Go through the CD which you will be given after the interview. Last number of questions are asked. Just see where you did not have complete information and brush up on those. See. Other thing is that you know you have your optional subject as sociology so you can expect something from there. My colleague asked you certain questions. You belong to Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu is your home state. So you know what are the issues in the state? What is the general development of the state? What is the human development index of the state? These kind of things. You will certainly be asked as to why from railway account service you want to shift to the IRS income tax and customs and excise and all. So you can always give that you are more we would like to. You can understand it. You can say that this is the highest civil services and it would give me great pleasure to be a member of this culture. That you can say. And in any case the government gives you an option and you have chosen your preference. The railway has also undergone a lot of this reorganisation. Merger of service and all. That is also an issue which is so be aware of that. It is there of why did the government do this? It was based on a committee's report. Do you think it is a good system? Because the opponents of the system are saying that railway has certain technical services and it is not something which a journalist can do. But in any case the government has taken a decision. Be aware of the background. Now you have mentioned you worked in the NSS what is the significance of NSS? What do you run out of NSS? You watch western West Asian dramas. Asian dramas. What kind of plays do you watch? What kind of movies do you watch? Gardening, sketching, table tennis. You can ask your questions. Table tennis may be familiar with things like which are the international events? What is India standing? Who are the top players of India? Women and men. That kind of thing you should be aware of. Otherwise you are doing very well. So just brush up on the current events and a little bit on the budget also. The highlights of the budget. And what is happening around the country? Which paper are you reading? The Hindu. Type of India. Because Hindu is very good in analysis. But small, small snippets of information Donald Trump had come here. Joint statement had been signed. What are the highlights there? The top of terrorism in there. See there is a reference to Pakistan which is made there. Just a little bit on this. Otherwise you are doing very well. Interesting. Interesting. Don't forget to like, share and subscribe to our channel. And press the bell icon to never miss an update.