 Kalimantan or very high in carbon, you have problem with phosphorous and syncyphesis and aluminum and organic acid composition too. So, most of these areas in the acid saline soil, there are rain pegs. If you have rain pegs, usually they are sometimes submerged, you have stagnant water, deep water, and sometimes drought. And if you have saline, alkaline soils are saline soil, usually the inland saline in India, northeast Thailand, and in that, you will still have problem of phosphorous and syncyphesis. So, phosphorous and syncyphesis is a big problem. And instead of iron toxicity, you have iron deficiency. And if you have almost the, the pH is normal, you have phosphorous and syncyphesis. So, you can see phosphorous and syncyphesis, most of the areas are deficient. That's why they call it, phosphorous, if phosphorous is deficient of a lot of problems, this is the mother of all stresses. So, apply phosphorous, phosphorous, I always say, it's the mother's milk. Nitrogen and potassium is like palm water and coke. Because this is very important to have a resistance to stresses. And you can see, phosphorous and syncyphesis goes together. They are like mother and mother in law. They are like mother and mother in law. And under irrigated areas, and most of these people do anything unless it's irrigated. And after that, if you produce this kind of variety across the different places, you have the problem with brain poverty. Some area ones, brain brain, some white brain, some long brain, some short brain. And that they are talking about, biotexpress. So, biotexpress is multiple traits. So, everyone is aiming for navigating all the traits into one. We call this a torture chamber. If you go over there in the corner because it's a torture chamber, you must be submerged in saline water. So, it's really a torture chamber. So, we want to combine salinity and submergence tolerance. That's why we put two in one variety. And now we have double salinity, submergence and drought of the three in one. Maybe this is familiar to everyone. We have now available biotexpress golden prines. We have drought and submergence, salinity, submergence, salinity and sink, salinity sink and iron toxicity, submergence, carbon flooding, anerogic combination, submergence class, BMP. So, you have all the different combinations. And you may have that at four in one. But you have to be watchful because efficiency may not be that bad. So, you have to be watchful in this one. So, two is okay. Three is difficult. In all these things, these areas, bang-bang, these are going up, the mountain going through. So, I don't know if this will go up to the valley. The third name that I have is high iron and high sink. So, we were able to develop the high iron rises, higher sinks in 144. 13139. And this had been released as Manicaya Space of 13. But maybe it has been released as PSDIC 132. It's the time that it was released when I was in Africa. So, I was not able to promote it. And I was a model during the time. So, knockdown. But we used this for the human feeding client. This is the human feeding client that we have. This is where the science and religion is right. Okay? Because we were able to convince 137 religious sisters. These are students, not that nuns. These are religious sisters for people. This is the largest human feeding client. It's involved diversity of the Philippines, Spain, and Cornell University. So, I had to develop rice. I had to plant rice at Erie. And the type of cakes I had to plant if you need them out and cheap it back to Manila. So, we have the human feeding client for nine months. Okay? And the bonus there is I was able to have a selfie with all of them. Actually, that's the request. I have the request. So, the story goes that after nine months of feeding in 11 convents, there was a significant improve in their iron status. This becomes a proof of concept. One of the proof of concept that we, within the Gage Foundation was able to support the Harvest Plaza Biotic Expression Project. And the next dream is before my dream really is about the Biotic Expressed Tolerance Center. This is where we could really our nurse partner will come and we have the Biotic Expressed Tolerance Center. We have the So Tolerance, Emergent Tolerance, Sink Division Tolerance, Iron Coincidence. So, we will have a center and it is now realized you have established the stress one of the component of the DRD or Transforming Rice Breeding is the Biotic Expressed Tolerance Center. This is the James, this is your field that I'm salinizing again. But this was salinized long time ago at Burinta and it was it was not touched for several years and I had very free will. And the other childhood dream I was sent to Africa. It's not a dream anymore because Africa did that time. So, I was scared I had to go to Africa. But my dream is really instead of Nerika, I want to have a name Morika, Moral Rice for Africa. I'm so excited to go there and I was able to go there for four years. I was so productive I produced two kids there. And Kiri has to ask me to come back because that's the technique. If you're sent somewhere to do sport and you'll be very expensive, they'll ask you to come back. That's the technique there. So, in Africa we were able to be productive at the same time we developed some lines that see this community. This is like the students of elite lines from Kiri and you see really adopting it. And after we released our writing there in 2013 which I'm very proud of, they called it UPIA-1, UPIA-3 and UPIA-2. So, these are prohibited when you don't have power to iron for CCTV and drugs. Most of these are for iron to stand proud. So, I'm very happy. In 2013 December, originally we called it IWA but changed to UPIA. What is IWA? I called it IWA because it's Kiri, Wanda and Agra Collaboration. But my collaborator went to the University of Fort Papad that's why he changed it to University of Fort Papad, Kiri and Africa writes. So, this is the three varieties that's becoming popular in India. I didn't mean Actually, I was invited there to to be honored as a cheer because of this variety. But that's last year where don't allow me to go there. So, this is becoming one of my product in Nigeria. But my best catch in Nigeria is this one. One of my precious catch is not rice but fish. That is my rice field over here. I make this with a beautiful rice area in Nigeria. From dreamer to magician before I become a dreamer now I turn to the magician so we were able to do some magic in rice. So, this is just given an idea. Magic is multi parent advanced generation intercourse. So, this is a combination of the eight different intercourse all over the world and systemally combining them to produce a permanent mapping population at the same time of main road for readers to pay me. To confuse you I don't know how to explain this one but this is just a schematic combination of indica, 8 indica 8 japonica cross them up to S8 or F9 then do another combination of all cards. Okay? Come to me, we are talking together at this place with the and bore you to death. And injured this is my from dreamer to magician to a traveler. So, injured is now 40. I inherited injured by choice but they are well made so I like it. And now is the 40th year of injured. So, just to give an example for direct release more than 1,000 introduce injured entries were released directly as varieties in 74 countries. But for early release even in bread lines it has been released in 900 as 940 varieties except in countries in five countries. And over 20,000 by 51 countries 16 countries. So, you have a lot of achievements here from injured it's already 40 and I think it will be having more exciting results when it will be transformed or it will evolve into injured There's a lot of challenges from injured because of the different rules now. Part of sanitary requirements from different areas all these IP issues are very complicated. So, we have to do something in this one. Injured I think is the highest impact project at whom you that's why they say in the dream really for stress problem readers are are to be like Mike Dave McHale saying that you have to get out of stress you have to be in the elevated field and improvement. If you are a rated reader that's the highest that's the top readers appearing because from stress to unstressed but I got both because I am being injured in the right. Now from dreamer, magician to traveler to transformer Okay, we have this project which is very exciting transforming rice breeding towards product development. So, I explained it this way. We are prioritizing the PVGB to make it efficient not to make it profit oriented. This is market driven product oriented breeding program. Why change when we are winning? You are saying why Yuri why can't breeding is changing when we are releasing varieties we are still popular. I always tell them it's like the Miami hip they are winning and if they change anything they just rely on with their three basketball players and they didn't get it in the second memorandum and they were started all over now. So, you have to change transform when you are winning. Okay, while you are changing. First is we have to increase the genetic gain double genetic gain from 1% to 2%. Second, increase breeding efficiency I mean, it's one lecture. It should be targeted products this is with the help of market research and we have to target products we have to buy regions you know what they want and you give them what they want so it's a demand driven, not supply driven. And we have better adaptation because we have a lot of varieties but less adaptation. And we have new players we have private companies. So, what we are doing there is building walls of PVGV or building doors so that we can deal with private companies because we are too open before so we have to put some doors to deal with them. That's why we are transforming our rice breeding program. Okay, this is the rice breeding program transformation so you can see here at the market market segment, this is let the market talk the market research will develop the survey and give to the rice market information system and give it to the builders and they will develop the varietal profile for different regions and the pre-breeding is for the pre-development teams which are so-called subversion, seed all the rest and it will bring in to the different rice development teams gulligated, brain fed, hybrid tendrate, brain fed in Africa and these are the different cross pattern activities modernizing hybridization of our express center, RGE phenotyping facility oh guys, so these are the cross pattern activities so we are system monetizing our breeding program to make it, we have the processes so we are letting the private companies not everyone has this green ball is green ball is lab or genus lab or james lab or we have to break the walls and we have only one we have only GTM GSM GGL and GGL because and after that all these things will go to the multi-environment files which we are handling the regional problem so after the products can be developed here, it will go here it will be processed here and it will go to the final testing in the multi-education right, it's like assembling a car, one will be doing the wheels, one will go to the windshield, some will machine at aging and one will assemble, one will do the air conditioning, one will do the testing before we give it to the end users in the cross pattern for research development oh, I don't want to show this one but this is just, if you go to the details one component of that, it will go this way this is the soil tolerance and product soil tolerance activities this is what our activities go to the cross pattern, this is the products and this are the product users so you can see the process going on how we develop so it's systematic, so we have to do our business map, so normal artist just to press with the global the global price production bought that group, we bought from 1965 when I was born to 2010 to 2.24% growth rate but if you decide it if you have satisfaction this is the partitioning of some of the squares from 1970 to 1919 you'll see a very high more than 2.24% but from 1990 to 2011, it's less than 1% the yield so that's alarming it's very fast to do it in the criminal revolution and it goes down so that's why we have to do the transformation to see, compare, rise and point the normal growth rate of yield increase this is the rise and this is the fall, look at the fall from here, just go there because of the admins and what we're gaining now is if we do business as usual we'll continue that way but with our dream for the transformation and rise reading, we're aiming for this one which is about more than 2% how we'll do it that's another genre but to summarize for the transformation of rise reading you have to double the genetic gain improve selection efficiency breeding products will mass regional and local market needs effectively using these different kinds of supports from beams, breeding for rise mat and all these other things here and for that one as I'm saying, that's why we're transforming we are world class we have the skills here we have the geography here and we have to go up and beyond so we are winning but we have to go up and beyond transformation has happened and it's moving very fast to to be a rise reading partner this will serve as a model for all private public sector breeding program in developing countries and many new evolution in public sector breeding products in the developing world will help in your food security and PRB maximizes the use of rise science to the next generation varieties to make our world better and I always up this don't know the yield target in great fact environment also I always say germplasm I always say germplasm improve germplasm will continue in the yield increase of 40% and management 60% management means crop management crop and nutrient management best management machinery's post harvest so this is the share but if you know that they working together we have about 30% so if all the germplasm readers will do their own the crop management will do their own they will just do 70% of the expected continuation lessons learned so we have to manage the rocking changes as we have Charles Darwin I'm not a believer of Charles Darwin but you always say it's not the strongest or the brightest that will survive it's the one who could manage, who could adopt the change the rise breeding is irreversible yearly is now under crisis after victory we have a lot of money but we have to improve our infrastructure we are doing right now we will be developing the gems of yielding over there, watch that space over going to the farm area that's for the crop chamber facility your crop custom up there and we might be having that may dream about the new plant breeding life is better before OCS sometimes I have a lot of money I have a lot of funds because it's not really managed very well so it's a big patient they will change so be positive on this one but I will say life is better before OCS and this is lesson also for the breeding for rights, you have to make it right or else you have to do a lot of damage control Charles Darwin achievement if you have done something, show me how don't just be excited show it to your boss in rice today show it to chamber and healing should be there dealing with product soils is better than dealing with product equal another message for body times love your work and your work will love you and this is another thing with the new transformation we have everything