 Dear students, in this module we shall discuss the structural features of neuron. A neuron has three basic components. The first is a cell body which is also known as soma. The second component is the dendrites and the third component of a neuron is the axon. We shall discuss these parts in detail. The cell body are soma, varies in size and shape in different neurons. It may be fusiform, are stelaet, are oval and may be rounded in some neurons. Some neurons also have pyramidal shaped cell bodies. The size range of cell body is from 5 micrometre in small neurons up to 135 micrometre in larger neurons. The cell body is the main nutritional part of the nerve cell. It is responsible for the synthesis of materials which are necessary for the growth and maintenance of metabolic functions of the nerve cell. The cell body are soma has it almost typical eukaryotic cell-like structure. It has a nucleus, it contains all the cell organelles. In addition to these, there are some specific structures which are called nissals granules and neurofibrils in a cell body. The nissals bodies are a group of ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum which are involved in the synthesis of proteins. The neurofibrils are delicate threads which run from the cell body to the axons and to the dendrites. The work of neurofibrils is that these cells provide support and shape to the body. In addition to this, they transport substances from the cell body to the axons and to the dendrites. Dear students, the dendrites are short, thin and branched cytoplasmic processes. They extend from the cell body and receive signals from other neurons and after receiving these signals, they send these signals to the cell body. Dendrite colourfuls are from the Greek word dendron which means tree. Since these dendrites are very branched, they are named after them. Highly branched dendritic tree-like nerve cells have one example. They are from the purkinje cells of cerebellum. Dear students, now we shall discuss the axonal part of the neuron. The axons are long and thin processes that extend from the cell body. They have a constant diameter. The axons' lengths vary. In smaller neurons, the axons are only a few millimeters long. Whereas in long neurons, the axons' lengths can be one meter or even more. The axons are specialized to conduct signals away from the cell body. They carry information for long distances with high fidelity and without loss. These messages are sent to the cell body without any loss from the axon terminal to the next neuron. Similarly, the plasma membrane of the axon is known as axolima. Axons also have mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum but they lack nissle bodies. Dear students, the axons end at branched terminals. These terminals have small extensions which are called telodendria. These telodendria have nob-like structures which are called terminal knobs. Terminal knobs are the places from where neurotransmitters are raised. Axon terminals allow the transmission of signals to other neurons or to the glands or to the muscle fibers to which the neuron is attached. Now, we shall discuss another part of the neuron. That is the axon-heloc. Axon-heloc is present at the junction of cell body and axon. It is a conical shaped region. It is the place where action potentials and signals are generated which travel throughout the axon. Dear students, on some axons there is a fatty material layer which is called myelin sheath. Usually, myelin sheaths produce shawan cells. This myelin sheath is not continuous but it has small non-myelinated points which are called nodes of renvear. Due to these nodes of renvear, nerve impulse moves in a jumping pattern from one node to the other. Such conduction of impulse is called saltatory conduction. Such impulses are called saltatory impulses. This pattern found in myelinated neurons increases the speed of nerve impulse.