 In our previous video, Dr. Tom walked us through the basics of his rainfall simulator experiment. And in this experiment, he looked at three different tillage systems, beginning with the moldboard plow. In this video, Dr. Tom continues with a look at the no-till and chisel plow systems. And just to key you in, Dr. Tom talks about saturation. When soil is saturated, it means that every pore space is filled with water, and that means that there's no place for the water to go. No-till, here, we see no punting occurred. It actually never got saturated with this rainfall event. And you can see this peak at the 16-inch level being almost simultaneous with that at the 10-cm level. So that means that the water is going in like into a bathtub drain. It's going into those macropores, again, macropores 1-mm in diameter or greater. It's going into those pores and going down the 16-inches very quickly, instead of going down in a very slow manner through the soil profile. So you'll see that the increase in moisture for the no-till system is much more gradual than the moldboard plow or the chisel plow. But why is that? Let's see what Dr. Tom has to say. This is more gradual. That's also because we're talking about water moving in and dispersing throughout the whole profile. Here it's being stuck on that small volume or that small depth. And then you also pointed out earlier that this peak over here is well below saturation. So there's always place for more water to go with a 2-3-quarter inch storm. Yes, and the no-till. So what we're doing here is we're not getting water going off. We're getting water going into the profile. And at the top of the slope, that's really very, very important because we're getting water that can be used by the plant. Otherwise water's not there. The chisel plow you can see is somewhat in between. But here we're talking about against getting saturated. We're getting ponding occurring here. And there is a delay. In Dr. Tom's experiment, everything comes down to soil structure. Absolutely. The more aggressive the tillage, the quicker the soil loses its structure. And water has a much tougher time moving through that profile and staying there for the next crop. One might argue that this was done a while ago. Has anything been done recently? Well that's an excellent question. Let's hear from farmer Al Miron and researcher Anthony Bly. See you soon.