 Okay, so Dr. Raj, first we'd like to know, Qatar has ranked 25th in the recent Global Information Technology Report, and that was in network readiness. So Qatar aspires to reach the 20th position by 2015. What steps does Qatar need to take in order to rank higher and reach that position? So whether it's 25th or 20th, the exact number doesn't matter. What the goal is, Qatar should be viewed as one of the leading countries in the use of information technology and communication technology. And the way to do that is to attend to the fundamentals, ubiquitous access to broadband connectivity everywhere, high speed broadband, ubiquitous access to platforms that can be used by anybody, you know, in Arabic and so on, like iPad, like devices. Capacity building, training all the people, the entire, all the, all the citizens. For example, in ICT, I would set up daily classes. One day, computer literacy class, anybody can come and take it for free. And they bring their own computer and then sit there and you learn how to use it. And then they go. And finally, content, books and music and newspapers. Once you have all of that content, everybody will use it. And so I think by taking all these steps, suddenly you make yourself an ICT-rich environment and therefore automatically the world will see you as one of the leaders in the field. So you've mentioned broadband. When we look at the broadband ecosystem, there's always both the demand and the supply side. So how can we make sure that they're both equally strong in Qatar? What are the steps that Qatar needs to do? So the, there's a fundamental flaw in the current business model where the phone companies are expected to charge and recover the entire cost of the broadband. And so much so, you know, even though the actual cost of providing it is negligible, it is the overheads associated with the company, which they have to recover part of it from, from the broadband. And I've often said, if only we could have provided the bandwidth and the fiber and the infrastructure for free at the state's expense, then the phone companies don't have to charge much. And then if you said, we'll give the same capability to multiple people, then you would introduce competition. And so I think what has to happen is the cost of getting high-speed broadband, if I wanted 10 or 100 megabits per second minimum immediately, I don't shouldn't have to pay more than 10, 20 dollars. Right now it's hundreds of dollars, if I can get it at all. And the other thing I notice is right now, peering charges in Qatar are very high. So if I make a Skype call to USA into your phone, in a Skype call, it's only two cents a minute. On this side I'm using a computer, on that side. And computer, computer is free everywhere, but computer to phone. But if I am in USA and call Qatar, the instead of two cents a minute, it's 33 cents a minute. And that just built in into the existing system, appearing charges that the country and the phone company charges. And there's no reason to do so. It's purely artificially built up there just to make money. And the amount of money you make is not worth it. You're better off, you know, if you want to be treated like an advanced country, your peering charges should be like advanced countries. So countries like USA, all of Europe, Australia, you know, Korea, Japan, all charge two cents a minute. See, you know, the backward countries like Africa and India, India is better now. It used to be 33 cents, it's down to nine cents, but I've been saying to them it should be two cents. China is like four cents, it should be two cents. So there are things that can be done that are currently outside of the conventional wisdom. And I don't know what it'll take, but I'll keep on proselytizing my soapbox and so we'll see. Maybe one of these days it'll sink in. So you mentioned that broadband, it's great, but there also needs to be content. So do you think Qatar needs only to improve on its Arabic e-content or also other languages maybe or what should it do in that regard? And multimedia content, movies, you know, will be on all languages and then the issue will be can you get automatic translation? That's a research problem ICT can help with. Music, you know, so you want to listen to the music, everybody enjoys listening to music from whatever language, but if you can understand the lyrics and see the lyrics that'll be even better. That can be provided now, it was not possible in the old days. You hear some of the words in the lyrics, but not all the words. And newspapers, you can read any newspaper that you want completely online, e-papers. And that's also not fully developed. And photos, images, you know, and access to the web and books, all media, content in all languages should be available. And then we also need supporting technologies for summarization and translation. Okay, so tell us about the digital library project that you're working on. Right. We'd like to know more about it. So basically, we spent the last ten years scanning books mostly, and now that Google is scanning a lot more books, we've said we're not going to do that anymore, that Google do it. But we're actually doing other things, like the thousand newspapers for the next thousand years to be archived and available is one of the projects we're trying to get launched. We are also doing monuments, digital library of monuments. UNESCO has 870 or so heritage sites. These are very unique sites, and most people never get a chance to go see all of that. They can't go to Taj Mahal, they can't go to Great Wall of China, they can't go to pyramids. If they can view those things virtually online, they can at least maybe get 50, 70, 80 percent of the enjoyment. So we are doing digital libraries of monuments and digital libraries of newspapers, and songs are already available, you can buy them and get them. But there are lots of other songs that there's no market for that are not digitized. So we're trying to get some of those recorded. Okay, so when we look at the ICT workforce in Qatar, we have around 20,000 ICT professionals currently and Qatar wishes to raise that number to the double, to have 40,000 employees or ICT professionals by 2015. Do you think, how can Qatar reach that aside from importing labor? So basically you have 20 years to do that, and if you want to double it, and so that means annually you need to add a thousand more people. That can't be from internal growth. Right now, the computer science education in Qatar University and CMU, Qatar and all the others taken together, maybe is producing 100 or 200 ICT professionals. So there will be a shortage of 800. So you can either get them from outside, you probably have to get some of them from outside. The reason being there's not enough children born here. And if you take thousand people all for ICT, there will be nobody working in the gas fields and petroleum and all of those other things which are also needed to generate the revenues. Okay. So you've mentioned some research areas, one of the research areas that Qatar needs to work on which is transcribing or captioning. But what other research areas generally does Qatar need to exert more effort in or start to research more about? It goes back to the four or five topics we talked about. We need to kind of have serious research into content of different kinds, multimedia content. We need to have serious research into accessibility and affordability. And we need to have serious research into platforms that can handle, if we take iPad, I'm sure there's Arabic for iPad, but how easy or how maybe voice recognition would help make that iPad, Arabic data entry much more easier. So there are probably half a dozen such things and basically infrastructure, computer platforms, connectivity, we already talked about connectivity. And you also need people, research into educating people. Rather than saying we want to have 20,000, 40,000 professional, maybe the right vision or right statement is everybody, the entire population including expatriate population must be computer literate. They must know how to use email. They must know how to use Word, Excel, PowerPoint, a few other things, create documents and communicate. And that's probably equally an important role so that everybody is doing whatever they need to do with using computers. Professionals do programming or software or whatever other things you need that require more specialized talent. So my last question would be in the Jitter report, Qatar was in 42nd position when it came to the business usage of ICT. This area was one of the deficiencies or one of the weakness areas. So how can Qatar ensure that its businesses, whether it's small businesses or medium size or large companies do really use or maximize the potential of ICT and raise its rankings in that regard? So there are two parts to it. One is no matter what business you're in, use of ICT will make it better or faster or cheaper, whatever. So you need to encourage all businesses, banks and gas companies and small businesses, anybody. The reverse is to kind of create computer businesses that can support all these people. And that requires companies like IBM or Microsoft or Amazon, all of them to find that this is a good place to have business. And I think it's possible. We need to set that up. Thank you so much for your time and for these valuable insights. And we look forward to seeing you again on Qatar State. Thank you.