 Good afternoon or morning everyone wherever you are. I'm excited to have had the opportunity to present to you all albeit virtually. Today I'll be taking you through some of the methods and results of a collaborative projects between Aerometrics and the City of Uddenley, a metropolitan local government area in Adelaide, South Australia. This case study highlights how remote sensing technologies such as airborne LiDAR can be used to quantify how the urban forest is changing and also how it can enable local governments to develop smart targeted urban forest management policies as well as promote community engagement in greening initiatives, all using methods that can be scaled up to citywide and statewide assessments. So the City of Uddenley is a local government area here in Adelaide and they're also a tree city of the world and one of only five we have in Australia and they've committed to achieving a 31 per cent tree canopy cover by the year 2045. To help them achieve this goal in 2021 City of Uddenley commissioned us Aerometrics to map the change in tree canopy cover across the city from 2018 to 2021 and the goal of this project from our end was to provide them with a quantitative understanding of how many trees there are, their spatial distribution throughout the community and how the trees are changing with time, all which would help the Council understand the state of the urban forest and to develop smart management policies to continue working towards their 2045 target. Just as a bit of background on the City of Uddenley, it covers 14 and a half square kilometres of inner city urban Adelaide, 80 per cent of the council area is privately owned land and 16 per cent is council controlled land and importantly as part of their commitment to reach their 31 per cent tree canopy cover target by 2045 they require a net increase of 0.7 square kilometres of tree canopy cover as compared to a benchmark study they conducted in 2013. So the methods that we used for this project were an object-based image analysis and traditional geo processing workflow that were used to produce a full classification of how the tree canopy was changing with time and LiDAR derived change detection combining two separate epochs of LiDAR data can have a couple of advantages compared to other methods using aerial imagery and machine learning because they're free of perspective effect errors that can be present in aerial imagery and they could be more sensitive to change than to some of the random point sampling methods that have been mentioned previously. So this is an example of the result of the tree canopy change detection across the city of Uddenley where we have areas of change that are classified as existing tree growth as well as areas of new tree planting. We can also classify losses as where trees have been removed either individual trees or continuous stand of trees as well as areas of pruning reduction where an existing tree has had some canopy removed in the management program and as well importantly here shown in yellow areas of where the tree canopy hasn't changed between those two epochs. And as we begin to look at this classification we can see that because of the high resolution of these data sets all these data sets have a spatial resolution of 10 centimetres we can begin to see that the tree canopy cover at the property level within the city of Uddenley is highly dynamic so there's a lot of changes going on in the period of three years both gains due to existing trees and new trees as well as losses where trees and that canopy are being removed. And some of the important insights that we were able to provide the city of Uddenley were that over the three years of this project from 2018 to 2021 their tree canopy coverage had increased by 1.37% to 27.99% and that represents a really important positive step for the council as they work towards their 2045 target of 31% tree canopy cover. And equally as important is we actually get an understanding of where those changes are occurring in the in the area of interest as well as what processes are driving those changes. So we see that 68.7% of all tree canopy losses are occurring on private land and that the biggest and largest and most statistically significant losses of tree canopy cover across the city of Uddenley have all occurred at areas of recent urban development on privately owned land where we see that the development and urban infill practices are removing large amounts of tree canopy. And then by exploring the classification of those changes we can begin to understand the specific processes that are going on. So we can see that existing tree growth is actually contributing five times more the amount of new canopy than newly new trees planted that were planted in those three years. And that without that contribution of existing trees the loss of pruning reduction and tree removal would have far outstripped tree planting alone. And that the average contribution of newly planted trees was 3.8 meters squared. And the total loss of tree canopy across the city of Uddenley was equivalent to roughly 78,000 of those newly planted trees. And this is a really exciting project because not only do we understand how we can capture the remote sensing data and use that data but the city of Uddenley are now incorporating that into their existing GIS model of the council area so that they can explicitly begin to incorporate the tree canopy cover into their policy development going forward. So they were able to ingest the tree canopy cover coverages from both years and the change detection and intrinsically link those to property data and rateable asset data so they can begin to include those in any policy developments that they use in the coming years. And already we're beginning to see some benefits for the city of Uddenley about using this data where at the suburban street level they can actually begin to reveal the trends that are going on along specific streets. So some streets have large increases at the property level tree canopy coverage while some are having large losses. Even though the overall property canopy coverage for this suburb here, this is an example of Unley Park, overall the properties have an average increase of 2.75. So they can begin to incorporate these insights and understand were these losses due to existing management programs that we're implementing and were expected or these unexpected losses that we need to address and make sure we understand why they're occurring. And as we dive deeper into finer scales at the individual property level, the city of Unley actually calculated the specific loss or gain of tree canopy cover every rateable property within their council area. So here we have one example of a single property that lost almost 200 square metres of tree canopy cover over three years. And that represents a loss on that property of 78.9%. And it's really important for the council because it's these specific property level losses that they can begin to incorporate into rates policies that they can specifically use to educate individual rate paying property owners within the council to make sure they're building awareness about not only what's going on on their properties but what those effects, what those losses or gains mean for the greater council and the greater community. And it's a really important foundation for the education and the strengthening of community engagement in the greening initiative. So we have an example here of a flyer that was distributed to all rate payers within the city of Unley. And it tells them that the average private property coverage for April 2021 was 22.3% or 4%. And this provides really important background knowledge to those really important questions that they want all of the community members to be asking themselves, such as is their tree canopy cover above or below average? And do they have space to plant any new trees? And the council has the understanding that not all properties are the same. Some properties don't have any space to plant trees. But it's really important to have these questions in the forefront of rate paying members' minds as they begin to plan developments. And they understand that how important preserving the existing tree canopy on their property is. And it really sums up a really nice tool that they can use because the ability to reduce canopy loss and preserving existing trees and to utilise plantable space on private land is going to be key for the city of Unley to continue that increase in tree canopy coverage they've successfully nurtured over the last three years and continue that into the years to come to keep their council area leafy and green into the future. And I think that's about all I have time for. So please feel free to send through any questions you have to the email on screen.