 In the name of Allah the most beneficent and merciful, I welcome you all in the course of leadership, emotional intelligence and decision making. This course would be covering the concept of leadership and afterwards we will be talking about emotional intelligence in association with leadership. Along with that we will be talking about the decision making aspects that how the leaders who are emotionally intelligent are going to decide in different organizational perspectives. This is our first module and in the first module we are going to talk about introduction and basic concepts of leadership theory and practice. When we talk about leadership theory and practice, remember that leaders are from among us. This is a very important concept that leaders are actually those who are among us who have actually experienced the same way of life, the same patterns of life, the same challenges of life which their followers are actually facing. The importance and significance of leadership is our next concept. And in this particular concept we are going to talk about that leaders exist to achieve actually organizational performance. Remember dear students, when we talk about performance in terms of organizational context we are talking about productivity, profitability and satisfaction of the stakeholders. So leaders are responsible to meet these objectives. Leaders are responsible to attain these target requirements. The second aspect is individual effectiveness. That leaders are there to make the things right. Leaders are there to decide upon that which things are in benefit and which things are harmful related to the organizational facility. So the effectiveness is the basic concern which is brought in by the leader. The third main concern is work related attitude and behavior development. That leaders are there to develop the behaviors. Leaders are there to develop the work related attitudes so that the followers can know that how they can overcome the problems associated with organizational facility. How the followers are going to achieve their targets and objectives. How the followers are going to achieve their key performance indicators. So leaders are there basically to motivate the employees, motivate the followers. And through that it is evident that leaders are there to achieve organizational performance. Now we are going to talk about certain leadership challenges. And when we talk about leadership challenges there are two aspects. One are the subjective aspects and other can be the objective aspects. When we think in terms of subjective aspects, subjective assessment, the leaders faces the challenge of developing the right behavior, the behavior which is required by the organization. The leader is there to typically develop the style of the followers, the style which is required by the organization, which is required by the stakeholders, which is there to achieve organizational goals and objectives. And the third subjective assessment in terms of leadership challenges is basically development of the competencies, the proficiencies, the skillset which the followers might be requiring with the due course of time. In addition to that, when we think in terms of objective assessment, obviously objectives will be defined in terms of strategic aspects, financial aspects and operational aspects. So in case of strategic aspects, no doubt we can say that organization is planning to achieve a certain milestone, a milestone in which they are going to achieve certain industry benchmarks and positioning. When we talk about financial aspects, obviously we are concerned with the revenues and the sales, the money terms and when we talk about operational aspects, no doubt leader is there to increase the productivity of the organization, the operational competency. So leadership is basically going to face subjective assessments and objective assessments and the right leader, the authentic leader would be the person who can make the things happen. Now when we talk about leadership concerns, remember one thing that leaders actually influence others, they help achieve others to attain their common goals, to achieve their common goals and the leadership is basically there to develop them, to foster them, to increase and enhance their competencies and proficiencies and at the same time the leaders are facing so many pressures, the pressures coming from the social aspects, the pressures coming from technological aspects, the pressures coming from economic, political and ecological aspects. So the leaders are there to face the pressures, to face the challenges and at the same time they are there to motivate the followers. Now the responsibility of the followers is to upgrade yourself and update yourself so that according to the leaders, they can help and help the organization to achieve the performance requirements. If we conclude the whole discussion in the first module, it is said that leaders are basically there to achieve organizational objectives, they influence others to achieve common goal or the common goal is actually shared, organizations goals and objectives are translated into employees goals and objectives. But at the same time, remember that leaders are facing so many pressures, the pressures coming from social aspects, technological aspects, economic aspects and political and ecological aspects. So the challenges and the pressures are faced by the leader and then he tries not to let the pressures reach his followers, he helps them to make the right decision. So if we conclude the whole discussion, remember that leaders are there to help you, to foster you, to develop you and it is the responsibility of the followers to follow the leader in the right manner so that the goals and objectives of the organization can be achieved. Thank you.