 This is the red shift, the blue shift is sweeping right now, but we thought we would bring you some highlights of our day today. We will run a video tape where we explain three different science experiments we have going on, and then we've got a little demonstration about what we eat aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia. Okay, well they even let the commander back in the Space Lab once in a while to experiment. This is a simple experiment, but it's one that has a lot of problems. It's called HHDTC, Handheld Diffusion Test Cell, Crystal Growth Experiment that we have all the way to date. In zero gravity we can grow bigger, more perfect crystals of all kinds, and as a result we can bring those back home and the scientists can study them with an X-ray diffraction microscope and really understand the character of what they're trying to study. For example, on this flight some of the proteins that we have, crystals that we are growing, might help out the development for remedies for arthritis. Some antibacterial drugs are on the horizon that we're studying. This next thing actually shows one of the test cells that we're growing on the HHDTC that's located back there in the Space Lab. The crystals look like flexor grains of sand to somebody like me who's perhaps not very versed on this. We have eight cells in each chamber. Three of the cells actually have stuff growing at the current time. I spent part of my day working on the large isothermal furnace called LIF. This is a facility provided by the Japanese Space Agency. We've flown it on, this is the fourth time it's been on a Space Lab flight, and the third time I've had the privilege of flying with it. It's a large furnace. We can put samples approximately eight inches long and about one inch in diameter, and I'm pulling one of them out of the furnace right now. We fly up 25 years on our mission and we're just about done processing them. I think we've done 23 or 24 at this point. This is a pretty much automated facility, similar to what you're going to see in the space station. Our job up here is basically to exchange samples where here I'm taking one of them out and I'm getting another one to put back in to start its processing. There's a lot of ground commanding during the whole processing run of these experiments and it doesn't involve us too much. It's a good way to get science with the minimal crew time on our part. The experiments we're conducting right now are diffusion-type experiments where we're looking at atomic motion and how impurities move around inside of a crystal structure. This is a sample of tin or other ones that we've been flying are lead tin telluride or gallium and impurities such as tin and antimony and termadium. These have great technological importance for electronics and infrared detectors. One thing we always get asked is how we burn these little fires in space. That's what I'm demonstrating here and how do we do it safely. This is a droplet combustion experiment. There's a chamber. This is a bottle that holds the gas. We install that into the experiment. Then it's released into the combustion chamber which is behind all those pieces of equipment in the front. Then that valve there is used after the experiment is over to vent the gases to space. During the experiment we record the views with four cameras which I'm pointing to here. Then we have computers of course to monitor what's going on. So the combustion is completely contained within the experiment. This experiment, the principal investigator is Forman Williams at the University of California San Diego. This is a droplet forming between the needles. The needles it releases ignite and it burns. This particular burn has a fiber support but most of the droplets were burned without the fiber support. You can see the flame and the foot formation in the middle. This tells us a tremendous amount about single droplet combustion. Okay, as promised we're going to show you a little bit about the foods that we eat aboard the space shuttle. There are actually five different types of foods. The first one I'd like to show you is a typical MRE, a military meal. It is what we have... And Tim's going to show you what it's like. Basically it has been cooked so it's been taken out of it. Take this into the field and eat it at any time. It lasts for years and years and years. So that's one type of food that we fly is the thermostabilized. Which is a similar technique but this isn't done for the military specifically. It's done for us and the bacteria have once again been taken out of it. And so it's eaten right from the bag. And this is a beef steak. This is a shrimp cocktail form. And what we do is we add water in it, which is also rehydratable. As dried apricot can be considered any different number of items. If Greg wants to pull some out with a spoon, you can see how our food sticks to the spoon rules are represented. And if not, they'll recommend things that we add. But of course once we get up here it's up to us to eat our vegetables every day. That concludes our curriculum for today. Have a good afternoon. Space Lab, Huntsville for Greg. Yeah, go ahead. Yes, Greg, just want to give you a heads up that it looks like we'll be ready to continue CM1 at Step Juliet at 2259. So that's right. This is the one that needs that downlinking time too, right? That is affirmative. Go ahead, Ann. Janice, we have a special guest, Alabama Senator Jeff Sessions here with us today at the Space Lab Mission Operations Control Center in Huntsville. I'd like to speak with you. Senator Sessions, please go ahead. Janice? Science up here. A great time. I think we're moving into one of the finest centuries that we'll have in terms of technology and advancement. And you represent the very best this country has to offer. And we're just very pleased with the work that you're doing and how well things are going. Thanks a lot. We feel very privileged to be up here in such a tremendous week for the space program with the Mars Pathfinder Mission. What are the rock efforts going on in the mirror space and that demonstrate what people can do in space and with all the great science here on the Space Lab module, which shows all the things we can learn from being up here? Well, I certainly agree with that. And I think this is the beginning of a commercially feasible adventure in the space and exploration that's what this nation, what has characterized this nation, I think we are a nation of explorers and we're proud of you. Tell us some about the experiments that are going on and what kind of success you've had. The combustion experiments, because that's what I've been mostly working on. And then I'll pass on to Roger Crouch who's here with me and has been working on the more material science and glove box experiments and then Mike can tell you a little bit about what he's been doing too. The combustion experiments, we have two brand new ones that are flying for the first time on the combined 83 and 94. The combustion module one which is a space station design and the drop of combustion experiment which is a drop at burning one. All of these are looking at combination of soot production, lean flames and just half flame burn in space so we can hopefully create better means of producing energy on the Earth through burning which accounts for 90% of the way we generate energy on the ground. And those have been going exceptionally well. As I understand the experiments down there, they're very excited about the results they're seeing. Let me pass it off to Roger. As far as the details of what the scientific experiments and objectives are, I think probably the principal investigators there in the talk will be able to give you a real good feel for that. What I'd like to describe is that the pleasure that it is to be up here, the material science experiments that we're doing in LIF which is a cooperative, we've got the Tempest which is a cooperative program. The flavor that goes with that, we have an accelerometer that's also an international German U.S. And so I think that this is a portender of the future that will be one world as we go to space. Even going to Mars I think is a worldwide adventure rather than a single U.S. or a single nation venture. I'll pass it on over to Mike now. Yes, Jeff, my role has been to keep the space shuttle flying and working normally to support the science back in the lab here and fortunately we've had a beautiful ship this time. We've had very few problems and been able to support all this great science. The other thing I think it's real neat about this mission is it's kind of a bridge to the space station. A lot of the experiments and the techniques that we're using are the same kinds of things we'll be doing on space station. And I think you mentioned commercialization. A lot of the basic research we're doing now will evolve I believe in the space station era and produce commercially viable drugs from the protein crystal growth. And I think once that starts happening we're going to see space really open it up and lower its orbit to all kinds of commercial opportunities which will be great for our country and for the world. Well, I appreciate that. It does sound like things are going well. I serve on the environment committee and one of the things that we're constantly working about is how to burn cleaner and more effectively. And just a one percent or half of one percent increase in burning and ability to produce energy would be a marvelous thing for Americans. And I just wish you the best of luck in all your experiments.