 The e-consultant model of care is an outpatient substitution approach which has been evaluated and implemented extensively internationally. It provides an asynchronous, digital, clinician-to-clinician advice service, giving primary care physicians remote access to specialist support for patient care within three business days. Initial trials of the e-consultant model in Australia have shown reduced wait times and improved access to specialist input, avoidance of face-to-face hospital outpatient visits, and better integrated care. A cost minimization analysis comparing the e-consultant model with a traditional referral pathway showed that the e-consultant model was associated with a 61.5% efficiency gain, allowing diversion of support to hospital-based outpatient appointments. This article was authored by Jenny Job, Caroline Nicholson, Maria Donald, and others.