 When giving a speech that uses the extemporaneous style of delivery, it's very common to ask a member of the audience to give time signals to the speaker. During this short video, I'm going to walk you through a couple of techniques that you can use to have an audience member give those time signals. When it comes to giving speech time signals, there are a couple of different techniques that work well. Chief amongst them are the use of some note cards with the times written on them or giving hand signals. Let's go over each. So first, note cards. To be able to use note cards to give time signals, you need to be able to set them up prior to the speech. Now, there's a lot of different ways to do this and it varies a little bit based on what the preference of the speaker is. However, generally speaking, however many minutes there are available for the speaker to give the speech is how many note cards you should set up. It's also helpful to set up a note card, which includes that final 30 seconds and one that clearly shows the speaker that they need to finish up. In practice, the way that this should work, especially when giving an online speech, is that the speaker should hold up the note card for the speaker to be able to see as time moves throughout the speech. As the speech goes on, they will slowly get a countdown of how many minutes they have left. It's not necessary to leave the cards up the entire time. Simply show them for long enough for the speaker to see how much time they have and where they are at and then when the speech gets to the end, show that final stopping card. A second very popular way of giving time signals involves using hand signals. Here there's no need to pre-create some cards. Simply use some gestures to let the speaker know how much time they have left. In practice, it's pretty simple. However many minutes the speech is, should be your first hand signal. So if it's a five minute speech, go ahead and throw up the hand with all five fingers extended. Go ahead and drop the hand as soon as it seems like the speaker has seen you. One when there is four minutes left, show four fingers, three minutes left, show three, then two, and then one. When you get to the final minute of the speech, it's helpful to let the speaker know when they have 30 seconds left. This is accomplished by throwing up this hand gesture, which involves an open hand with a C shape in it, knowing that they've got half a minute to go. Then if you would like, when it gets down to the final 10 seconds, you can give them that 10, nine, eight, seven, six, five, four, three, two, one, and then let them know with a closed hand that time is up. Well folks, that's a couple ways that as an audience member, you can use time signals to help a speaker keep track of time in their speech. Whether you're using note cards or hand signals, this is an incredibly helpful way for the speaker to know what they've got left and how they should move through their main points. I hope this video was helpful. Thank you for watching.