 I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education and I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Assistant Kanna Girls from the college, University of Allahabad. And today I'm going to discuss a topic which is related to national education policy 2020. In my previous video, once I have discussed about NEP with special reference to higher education. In that video, I have discussed a small bit around about ABC, means academic bank of credits. But this topic is so much challenging, relevant and unexplored, so that I think that I have to discuss this in one more video for better clarification of you all. And do subscribe my channel and this video will be very useful for various examinations and for comprehensive point of view as well. And the lecture will be in bilingual mode as well as always, so let's start. Academic bank of credits ABC. In the previous video, we have only seen it in a sensory way, not in detail as we were seeing NEP in higher education, so we didn't see many things there. But academic bank of credits is such a concept which is so unique, so new, never heard about it, how it will be, it is so challenging, so different, it is so innovative, and it is important to know that as you go to higher education, you should know what are the prospects in front of you, how much multidisciplinary, how much flexibility, how much autonomy has come in higher education, so it is very important to know what is going to happen. So be sure to listen carefully, it will be useful especially for you. So we are talking about how it was made, who made it, what is the concept, where it came from, how it will be used, because everyone knows the names of academic bank of credits, but actually how it will be implemented, how it will be monitored, what are its intentions, what is the reason behind it, so the academic bank of credits ABC platform has been developed by the National E-Governance Division of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, METI under the DG Locker Framework, with the facility and functionality of opening academic accounts for the students and onboarding of higher educational institutions. So why is it made, why is it made, that the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology has made it under the DG Locker Framework, and the National E-Governance Division has developed it, and what is done in it, we have to open academic accounts for the students, like in the bank you open accounts for money, what is the money here, it is our credit, okay, and what is said ABC will ensure the opening, closure and validation of the academic bank of accounts, verification, accumulation and transfer or redemption for students, that is ABC will ensure that opening, closure and validation of the academic bank of accounts, that means we have an account in which we have to open it first, then when it does not need it, then it should be closed or it should be validated, in that our credit can be verified, accumulated, we can keep it together, transfer it, or redemption, that is, we can offer an exchange, we can take something in return and release it, then UGC initiated the concept of the National Academic Credit Bank, NAC Bank concept, like Academic Bank of Credits or Academic Credit Bank, which will be a digital virtual online entity to be established and managed by UGC, that is also said in NEP that we will end UGC, and instead of that, our body will come, there will be only one singular body, there will not be many bodies, but for now, since there is no other body, so UGC is being used, then there is no problem, so UGC initiated this concept according to NAC Bank as National Academic Credit Bank, so the main objective of the NAC Bank would be to facilitate student mobility across the education system, when we talk about the concept of credit, when we talk about the choice-based credit system CBCS, then why is there a motive behind it, that student mobility is possible, why are we saying all this, because those obstacles that create a problem for us in our education, in our interest, we have to remove all those obstacles, so many times in student mobility, since there is a problem, there are a lot of problems, there is no transfer easily, if we leave it in the middle, then how will we get admission in the next place, children cannot study in this way, so what do we have to do? We have to facilitate the student's mobility, whoever has studied as much as he has taken the credit, he can move elsewhere, wherein the credits can be accumulated and be used at the altered point of time for the requirement of partial fulfilment of a degree program, now you will understand better, it will be established on the lines of the National Academic Depositary, that is, we have to make it an academic depository, where everyone's credit can be deposited, everyone's credit can be of students, it is mainly in higher education, which shares our students' academic documents, we have created an NAD for academic documents, so on the same page, we thought of making this academic credit bank, and we will have a website providing all details of the ABC scheme and its operational mechanism for the use of all stakeholders of higher education, and we will have to tell its operational mechanism that how it will be operated, who will give the credit, how much credit it will have, which course it will take, so we will have to first decide, otherwise it will be very difficult to apply it. Now what is it? Academic Bank of Credits is an academic service mechanism, which means it provides academic service as a digital, virtual, it can be online, it can be of the same name, Entity Established and Managed by the Ministry of Education, see here, the Ministry of Education has been named as the Ministry of Education, to facilitate students to become its academic account holders, that is, the student who will be the academic account holder, and paving the way for seen less student mobility between or within degree granting higher education institutions through a formal system of credit recognition, credit accumulation, credit transfer and credit redemption to promote distributed and flexible teaching learning. All of these have been included. Academic service mechanism is a digital, virtual or online entity, the Ministry of Education has started this, which means the Ministry of Education is also an umbrella term, to become its academic account holders, so that students become academic account holders, and paving the way for seen less student mobility between or within. Meaning, if they are shifting to different departments in higher education, they want to be mobile, or they want to do mobility between different institutions through a formal system of credit recognition, credit accumulation, credit transfer and credit redemption. In these four months, you can say, that the work is done, that the credit is met, the recognition is done, then we can gather the credit, we can transfer the credit, and then we can exchange it with the credit. Meaning, we can give the credit and take the degree, that is, to promote distributed and flexible teaching learning. So, the purpose of all this is that we have to bring flexibility, we have to bring autonomy, we have to remove rigidness. Then, academic flexibility is the provision for innovative and interchangeable curricular structures to enable creative combinations of courses, programs in disciplines of study, leading to degree, diploma, PG diploma, certificate of study, offering multiple entry and multiple exit facilities, in tune with National Education Policy 2020, while removing the rigid curricular boundaries and creating new possibilities of lifelong learning. Meaning, we have to remove the rigid curricular boundaries. What we have to do is to create a combination. Meaning, this course, you must know, I mean, to tell you a lot about the background, if there is something behind it, then the video will be long, that there is nothing of course, that if you have a science stream, then you cannot study arts, you cannot study science, or any topic that is completely different from your course subject, meaning, how much creativity you can bring in your combination, whatever your interest is, whatever your interest area is, you can study it all. There is no such rigidity that if you take MSc in admission, then you will become a part of any subject of arts. Your interest, in which you feel good, whatever you want to study, in which you want to move forward, or sometimes it happens that after taking admission, they understand that it is not their interest, or they do not understand it, or they feel difficult, it is very easy, anyone can be a part of it, to change their interest, then you study the course subject, the rest of the credits can be earned from any other discipline, from any other department. So, to be able to create a combination, that is when we know that there is a course of this much credit, there is a course of 20 credits. So, if you say that you want to take 10 credits from the course discipline, then take 10 credits from the course discipline, the rest of the 10 credits, you take any of the 5 credits that you like. So, it is very challenging, it is very difficult to implement it. So, what are you saying? Credits would be the new currency of higher education. So, the currency of higher education has become a credit, because we are talking about the academic bank, that is why we are talking about the terms of economics, that the currency of higher education is a credit. What are its building blocks? Any subject formulations, means whatever you think, whatever you don't think, they are all there. Bachelor of Liberal Education is going on, means that you should study in a multidisciplinary, interdiscipline way, that you will get a degree in Liberal Education. So, we are providing it with elite institutions, because it needs a lot of institutions, it needs facilities, it needs faculty, that is why it became very popular, but this concept is also very innovative. Then, convert credits into degrees and diplomas, we will change the credit to degree and diploma, remember, we are a real dimension. But this is also clear, that you will get a degree once you see the credit, so you can't say that you will get a degree once you see the credit. This will not happen again. If you see the credit once, then you will not be able to get a credit again. So, that is why you have to think and work. Then, study in any national or international institutions, because the credit is going on all over the globe, that is why it is for mobility, it is for flexibility, you can go anywhere and study. Lifelong learning in Liberal, you can always do it, as much as online, there is no obstacle in it, because you are so young, then, merging of regular distance online and virtual mode. So, blended learning, hybrid learning, physical mode, look at the new word, it is blended, but it seems to be something new. What is physical and digital? Physical. Okay. Then, objectives. What are the objectives behind this? To promote student centricity with learner-friendly approaches in higher education. In other words, student-centric learner-friendly approach we have to take in higher education. To enable students to select the best courses, combinations of courses, to suit their aptitude and knowledge thirst. To calm down their knowledge, to suit their aptitude, to read the combination of course, to choose and to read it. To enable students to select the best departments or institutions of their combination to suit their interests. To allow students to choose a pace for their studies. Self-paced learning. To allow students to tailor their degrees or make specific modifications or specializations. To make them tailor their degrees without any way other than just a layers of a thread. So students to make their own tailor-made degrees, as much as they want, as much as they want, as they wish. To enable multiple entry, multiple exit, multiple exit, that we have seen in higher education in terms of multiple 好多多各地. It means you can take in multiple courses, you can do multiple courses, and according to your preference and pace. And as much as you study, you will get a degree diploma certificate as much as you will get a credit card. You will get a certificate. I mean, no education, no time will be wasted. For students to complete their degrees, a time, their time preference. According to their time preference, it has become a bit different. To support procedurally the teaching learning activities to happen in a blended manner through integration across universities, campuses, colleges with increased mobility. You have to make the impact of the students. Wherever you want to be, you can do that, the way you like to be, wherever you are interested in, wherever you like to be. You have to facilitate lifelong learning. Life is the basic motive, the human element, the citizen, you have to make them lifelong learners. Learning should never stop. It should always happen, life should keep growing. To satisfy the students' quest for knowledge, freedom to choose and change their academic directions. When we want to change the academic direction, we have to enable and make it possible. Okay, so many objectives are done. How will we implement them? It is the most difficult to implement them. Once the credit is redeemed for an award, it would be irrevocably debited from the respective student account. I have already told you that when we give a credit and take an award, degree, diploma, we cannot get that credit back. That credit will not come back in our account. Then based on the sufficiency of the overall credits earned and types of credits earned, a student can become eligible for award of the specified degree or diploma. How much credit do we need to fulfill that course and how much it has earned. According to that, if we take a degree credit, then we will get a degree. If we take a diploma, then we will get a diploma. If we take a certificate, then we will get a certificate. While awarding the degrees, the degree awarding HEIs shall follow the norms stipulated by UGC or any statutory body from time to time in terms of number of credits and duration. If we take a degree awarding HEIs, we will determine which course has the credit. In that, the academic bank does not have any role of credit A, B, C. It only has credit redemption, credit transfer, credit accumulation. The credit is not given. Who is giving the credit? The statutory body or UGC has decided will be given the HEIs, i.e., higher education institutions. Then the fee fixation can be affected by the respective A, B, C registered HEIs. The course fee based on the number of credits of a course for which the student has registered or there would be a credit processing fee to be paid. I mean, it will not have to be paid for a course fee, but it will not have to be paid for a credit processing fee. I mean, how will all this work be seen? How will it be managed? It will not have to be paid for how much credit you have earned, how much credit you have transferred, how much you have redamped, after that, did you take a degree? What? Validation, opening, close or closer. For all this, you will have to give a credit processing fee. For maintaining the student's academic bank account and related functions. For example, for instance, if a student has accumulated 100 credits. Imagine that a student has collected 100 credits, which are equivalent to say one letter. Imagine that he has earned 100 credits equivalent to one year. And now he wants to drop out. He wants to drop out for any reason. So, what will happen? Once they decide to rejoin. Here, there is a student and here, they are going wrong. If you think of it as a skip, you think of it as a grammar, a sentence, a concept. Once they decide to, students should be there. Students have. If there is a student, he should be there. Once they decide to rejoin. Now, if that student wants to rejoin again, then what will they do? Then they can redeem this credit and see admission, seek admission directly in the second year. Actually, my keypad does not work. So, it stays somewhere. Seek admission directly in the second year at any university. Meaning, after one year of studying, he dropped out. So, whenever he wants to join, whenever he has given a time period. So, what will he do? Directly in the second year, he could take admission. It is unbearable. It has never happened. We have studied so much that if we drop out for the first year, then after a few years, he would have to study for the first year again. But here, this is not it. Your time, your hard work, your credit is safe. Right? So, what will he do? He will say, you can take admission directly in the second year. And the validity period for seven years. Till when is the time frame? Till when is it? He can take admission at any university in life. Seven years of validity. Your credit will be valid for seven years. Meaning, you have to decide within seven years whether you have to complete the course that you are studying. The validity period will be up to seven years and students will have to rejoin within seven years. We have to work within seven years. As for UGC guidelines, the Higher Education Institute will have to allow students to acquire credits 50 to 70% of credits assigned to a degree from any institute. UGC guidelines say that we have to agree from fifty to seventy percent of credits from one institute. But, students who opt to shift their institutions will have to get the remaining 30 to 50% credits from the Education Institute. They have registered. Meaning, 30 to 50% of credits from which you are registered, 50 to 70% of credits can be registered. 60 to 40% can be registered. Meaning, UGC has not done anything else. Where you have registered, 100% of students will get 100% of credits from 100% of credits. You have to go where the best combination suits you, according to your interest, your preference, your pace, your duties, you have to play from there. You just have to be there. As much as a credit, the course of your credit must be earned. And in every place, because it will be treated in an equal, universal way, then five credits, if any of them will come after the course, then what will be its weight? What will be its weight? Okay. They say UGC will ensure that students security, minimum credits to be secured in the course of your credit. And for example, now it happens that who will get the degree if the credit is earned differently. So the course subject is if you want the degree of Mathematics in MSC, then if there is a course of 20 credits, then they will say at least 10 credits are taken from Maths. Take a minimum course of your credit and take it from anywhere else. Take 15 or 12, as they have decided. Okay. Who will monitor it? It shall be the responsibility of the university concerned as per the guidelines prescribed by ABC to monitor the development and operationalization of the ABC program at the university level and at their affiliated autonomous or non-autonomous colleges. That means the university concerned has responsibility and apart from that those affiliated autonomous or non-autonomous colleges will also see the operationalization of ABC. The university shall offer the teacher staff training as it is very important that the teacher and the staff of the training are not aware from the concept of the course and the course of the course for how long and how much time period is needed and what the course of the course is of how much credit is required for the course and the subject is how much credit is required for all of us. We will have to mentor the students who have become mentally better than other colleges or other institutes. Academic and administrative and other measures for improving the quality of performance of the ABC scheme because it is a very challenging scheme because implementation is very difficult and promotion of holistic education with the support of ABC. Then the quality assurance of the ABC implementation at the registered university or autonomous or non-autonomous college levels shall be developed by the university or college concerned either through the IQAC or CQC. That means the university and college IQAC system which has internal quality assurance which has all the quality assurance will see the ABC implementation that quality will be assured. And the university or autonomous colleges are registered for ABC and implementing the ABC scheme shall be uploaded on its website the annual reports of the ABC scheme. Suppose we have registered the ABC scheme and we have accepted it then we will have to upload it on our website that this year's ABC scheme means how many kids have come how many have been registered how many have been transferred all these reports should be on our website so that other people can understand the source can understand the concept can understand can be prerate and there shall be the ABC grievance redressal mechanism will also have to be made that the kids will have a lot of problems they will have complaints that they did not get or the transfer did not take place at the level of MOE UGC ABC Minister of Education University Grants Academic Bank of Credits and at the and at the level of each of the ABC registered HCI all the higher education institutes registered in ABC for all of them ABC grievance redressal mechanism we will have to make Oh my God how to conclude this ABC would be a value addition to the existing teaching learning method so you are understanding how big is the domain how much value addition this is that how much of the student want to give autonomy want to give freedom and offerings it is not going to throw out the current practices or overall the system this is not that we have to overhaul the system but we should do one thing that yes whatever we want to do every child will not believe that we are from a different place or what will be very innovative if we want to at least do that then the implementation would be done gradually our autonomy should help us take advantage of it it will not be that all higher education institutes will start doing this slowly gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually gradually we have to make a focus group or something like that, which is only for this matter. And see it in a better way, because they have to deal with their autonomous colleges and affiliated colleges as well. Then no student would be forced to take the ABC route. This is going on somewhere. We have to free the student. We have to provide it automatically. We don't have to force it anywhere. We don't have to take the ABC route. But what we have to do is to make a mark for the initiative. Unless he or she is willing, standard offerings would continue. As long as they don't want it, as long as it works, it works. But for those who want it, this is a new path. A unique combination of education can be done if a student wants it. So I have completed this one. And now I think that I have covered it in totality. Because I have found that there is a lot to be told about it. So I had to tell ABC again. Because there was a lot. This is going to be a duality. We have not studied this kind of education. So the future that is going to come. The future that is going to come. There is a lot of difference. We are preparing for education. So best of luck to all of them. And thank you all. Don't forget to like and subscribe my channel. Explore Education and join my telegram group too. Okay. Done from my side.