 Yes sir. Yes sir. Please come sir. Mr. Tewari, why did you wish to join the service? The primary reason for joining the service is service to the society which has contributed in my emotional development. Other reasons are financial security, job security, social recognition and a challenging job. So what qualities will you bring to this job? So the primary quality I would say is my versatility. I can adapt to situations. In my 10th class, I had 11th and 12th class, I had physics chemistry and mathematics. Then my graduation and qualification I did with biotechnology. And the optional subject for civil service was philosophy. So I can adapt to various situations. You can adapt. Yes sir. Good. And other than that I also possess the qualities of compassion. And I appreciate the constitutional values of pluralism, diversity and friendliness. So is this your first attempt? Second and third. Mr. Tewari, what is happening in the UK on the Brexit issue? When we did we find that sometimes seven members of the Labour Party have created some members of the Conservative Party have created. What is happening there? I believe they are confused as to what should be the course of action now. In 2016 they had referendum. Where marginally people had that they should exit the European Union. But now they are unsure as to how to exit. They are suggesting a deal. And some of the cabinet members plus majority of parliamentarians they are opposing that deal. So there is this possibility that the Brexit which will happen will be a nodal Brexit. Which would not be a good sign for the party. But there are also some talks of a re-pwn on this issue. And also extension of the time for Brexit. The last date is 29th of March I think. They are also saying that maybe they will ask the EU to extend it. But what is the crux of the issue? Where are the talks stuck on this? There are two or three main issues. First is that Irish Backstraw Mechanism. As to where there should be a hard border between North Island and Republic of Ireland. And second issue is the rights of European Union citizens in Britain. And third issue was regarding payments that Britain has to make to European Union. Now our relations with China. There are a number of irritants in our relationship with China. When you list some of them, on which China has been opposing us on various issues? So there are multiple issues between India and China. First is your undissolved border issue. That is the primary issue. Then we have Pakistan support, sorry, China support to terrorism. Indirect support to terrorism by blocking our bid to list Masood Azar as a UN terrorist. Then I would say in South China Sea as well. We have our differences of opinion with China. China wants to work on what issues are these for security reasons. So China claims entire South China Sea to itself. We basically say that freedom of navigation has to be ensured. But NSG? Yes. NSG to NSG? Yes. Okay. Now this, what is the CPEC and what is it, why is it of such significance for China? CPEC is China-Pakistan economic corridor. It will link with the Xinjiang province of China. And it is important for China because they want to avoid this Malacca dilemma. And they want to create alternative routes so that their energy security can be ensured. And they will be done by Pakistan. And it is of concern for India because of reasons like it voids its territorial integrity and solidarity of the country. Because it passes through POK and Gilgit-Burkistan, which we claim as ours. Now when we talk of China, very often this concept of string of pearls comes up. What exactly is that? So string of pearls is a strategy adopted by China to encircle India and to contain its rights. Okay. By creating its influence in countries like Poland of Africa, Djibouti, Naval Base, then Maldives, then it is the landmark of the Maldives. Where do they have that idea? Maldives? They are increasing their stakes like China-Maldives friendship bridge. True. But that doesn't mean surrounding India. Basically, when we talk of string of pearls, it means naval bases from where China can pour the threat to India. Maldives warships can come there. Maldives, they don't have anything yet. In future, sir, it can happen. They are trying to buy an island which will go through. In Chinese submarine presence is also possible. Okay. Now tell me, is there a procedure laid down for removal of the Supreme Court judges in the Constitution? The Constitution provides for removal of Supreme Court judges. And it has to happen on what grounds? On what grounds? On two grounds. Two grounds, gentlemen. I can't. It was very... It was very... It was very interesting. It was very interesting. It was very interesting. Now the procedure to remove the Supreme Court judges laid down and judges enquired again. What is that? Sir, what is the procedure? Sir, the initiation of resolution has to happen at either of the processes. Then it has to be passed by at least two-thirds of members present in voting and 50% of the membership of the votes. Without any enquiry? First enquiry has to be committed as well. And the speaker will admit it. The speaker or chairperson will admit it. And then it will be sent. Thank you. Okay. If I say I am preamble to the Constitution. Yes, sir. How do you justify the whole Constitution? Yes, sir. How do you justify this? I believe the statement is correct because it contains the ideals and aspirations of a country that we want to be. It provides for creating a country that is sovereign, secular and democratic, and a republic form of country. And it seeks to provide for its citizens justice, that is social, economic, political equality of status and opportunity. And liberty, thought, expression, belief, faith and worship. And to create an integrated society which has solidarity amongst its members. You are correct. Okay. Now, you tell us where in the Constitution we see in print of this, when you talk of justice, you said social, economic, political. Yes, sir. Because this is the reason. Where do you see social, economic and political justice in the country? Sir, it is primarily in case of fundamental rights and DPSP. That is the principle of state policy. Fundamental rights, they talk about political justice and DPSP, about social, economic justice. What is 73rd and 74th amendment? 73rd and 74th amendment deal with the rural, local bodies and our local bodies. Anything very salient, some salient features of this? Sir, they provide for subjects that relate to grassroots levels which directly concern the citizens to be administered and governed by the rural local bodies. They empower the panchayats and urban local bodies so that citizens can interact with them and resolve their grievances. And we have 11-12 schedule as well, which lays down certain subjects of importance. Right to education act. Sir, can you tell us some of the salient features of this law? Sir, right to education act, it provides for free and compulsory primary education for children in the age group 6 to 14 years in the age appropriate classroom. Then, earlier it used to contain unwrote attention provision. But now, it has been amended and now states have been given the responsibility the authority to decide whether they want to have unwrote attention provision in the state law. And it seeks to provide quality education as well by the provision of comprehensive and continuous evaluation. How does it ensure that all students, even the population we have there are sufficient schools to accommodate or everybody, even the poor? It provides for minimum infrastructure and norms that has to be there in schools and then schools has to be in a certain distance and then there is reservation of 25-40% of the private schools. Now, last, tell us about in the recent past, Uttarakhand High Court passed a number of judgments touching upon forest and wildlife. Can you tell us about some of it? Sir, in 2017, Uttarakhand High Court passed a judgment declaring river Ganga and its two-three sites for living and drinking. And last year, Uttarakhand High Court passed a number of judgments where animals, they were listed as some jurisdiction. Okay, thank you. Uttarakhand sees a lot of lands and landslides in the upper regions. So, what has been planned to look into this process? Regarding floods, we are after 2013 Kerala tragedy, we have initiated certain projects like Uttarakhand Disaster Recovery Project which is World End Supported Project. Then there is... What has been planned in it? We are creating the infrastructure so that we can deal with floods and flash flood type situations. And then we are also creating awareness, then we are promoting organic farming renewable sources of energy and we are also... Union government also has passed an order declaring certain areas as economically sensitive areas where certain development activities will be distributed. So, in these areas like you just mentioned where the temples and all are situated, is there any distinction on the movement of the steps? So, you talked of disasters. Do we have any agency which looks after this problem? Any disaster relief? We have... For relief situations we have NDRF and etc. Disaster disaster response, state disaster. So, are they the first people who come for relief or is it the locals who come for relief? The locals. So, what is their goal? They have to... First of all they are like in case of forest floods. They have to be given certain amount of relief so that they can deal with it first. No, I was talking about the disaster relief process. What is their goal? If the locals are already doing what is required, then why do we need these agencies or relief forces? In certain disasters they may not be handled by locals. And in that cases NDRF and SDRF role becomes important. So, how was their role in looking into the plants or the landslides in the last event that happened? They played a very important role. What did they do? They evacuated people, then they carried out certain rescue operations. They transferred people to vertical facilities and they provided first aid and all those things. Then they brought food packets as well. So, in future if there is a flood or landslide of the scale at which we had earlier, do you think the people themselves will be able to manage it? When people's capability have to be built, but we have to bang upon NDRF and SDRF as well. Alright, fine. Now you have philosophy as accepted. If I asked you to compare the philosophies of Buddhism and Jains, would you be able to do that? Let's hear. Jainism, they have some kind of bias against epsilonism. For them, everything is relative. They believe in philosophy of Siadva, theory of relativity of both. Whereas Buddhism they say that this perceptual world is conditional and finite. But there is absolute clarity which is Bodhi or Prangaya. So, they have no bias against epsilonism. Then Buddhism, they don't believe in any entity like Siddhasila. Whereas Jainism, they say that once you have attained moksha, you will go to Siddhasila and you will have fourfold knowledge, power, bliss and faith. So, Buddhism has no such concept. For them, once you have been liberated from the cycle of birth and death, it will be like a candle has been finished and the flame will not go anywhere. You cannot do that. Now, you are also interested in meditation. Yes. So, what sort of meditation do you do in the past? I have practiced mindful breathing. What is mindful breathing? Everyone talks these days of mindfulness. What is it? Mindful breathing, we observe our meditation and exhalation processes. We focus on that. So, why don't you just call it breathing exercise and concentration on that? Yes, it can be called like this. That's good. You also learn biotechnology. Yes. So, what do you study in biotechnology? Do you use stem cells? Yes. So, tell me the latest one, stem cells we have searched. Stem cells, they are progenitor cells which can develop into any kind of cell. Yes. And there are multiple kinds of stem cells, protein-potent stem cell, multi-potent stem cell and pluripotent stem cell. And stem cells. So, can you grow organs from a stem cell? Yes, it is possible. Protein-potent stem cell can be used to develop any kind of organ. And pluripotent, limited number of organs can be grown. So, is it being used anywhere? Stem cell therapy has been used in tissue regeneration in certain cases. At the end of a year, we grow. Correct? Yeah, after a year. Then we are low into a stem cell. Yes, it is possible. It is possible. All right. Now, also then, under biotechnology, do you also use those machines or not? In biotechnology? Like the CT machines, the MRI machines. What else do you study here? The primary area is, the area which I am comfortable with is that downstream processing. This nanofiltration and reverse hostances. So, as far as nano is concerned, can we use that technology to give drugs in certain areas? Specific areas delivery of drugs? In nanotechnology, it can be used. It can be used. Is it being used? No. I think now they are for cancer treatment. Deepak, some people have described Gandhi as a Marxist without a gun. Would you agree? I believe Gandhi ji stood for certain principles that were common with Marxism. Like welfare of all the people and Sarvodai and Andhya Vair. But he differed with Marxism in certain ways. Like Marxism, he was not very well, he was not, I would say, compatible with the idea of a blood revolution. He believed in Sakya Vair. That is not a blood revolution. Using the sports of soul to change the people. Now, which emergency provision of the constitution is yet to be invoked? Any day. Which emergency provision of the constitution is yet to be invoked? Financial emergency under Article 360. And which is the one which has been invoked on most and abused on most also according to some precedence under Article 356. Now, in the same context, the governor of a state has certain discretionary power when there is a hung assembly. It's in terms of inviting who he thinks would command a majority. Now, which is the case where, which was the last case where this exercise of this power was challenged and Supreme Court delivered some, Supreme Court issued some orders. It happened last year in Connecticut assembly elections. So, what was the nature of Supreme Court's direction? It's a honorable Supreme Court leader directed the governor to hold a certain confidence motion within 48 hours instead of 15 days. So, time was reduced. Now, some question you have been following the Indian economy. Can we name two positive and two negative trends of the Indian economy? Over the last few years? Yeah, currently, currently. So, positive trend, I would say first positive trend I have seen recently is increased collections of tax and direct taxes. Go ahead and see in tax comparison. Tax base has increased from 3.8 per ounce to 6.8 per ounce, okay. And tax revenues have also increased tax to GDP, direct tax to GDP ratio it has increased to 5.90 percent. And other positive trend that I find is GST, which has led to it's again tax. So, mention something which is fundamental to macroeconomically fundamental. Over the last few years, average inflation rate, it has been less than 4.5 percent. So, that is, and economic growth rate is of average 7.4 percent. So, I guess these are the positive trends. What about the negative trends? So, one of the negative trends is inequality. According to Oxfam reporter, that's a social phenomenon. I'm asking about economic trends, fiscal trends, macroeconomic trends. I would say it is low investment to GDP ratio. It should be higher, it should be higher. To support 10 percent less economic growth rate. It should be entering the 5.36 percent. But it is currently working at around 32 percent. So, it should be okay. Otherwise, your tax to GDP ratio is still, I would say, not to the level of China or obesity countries. It can be higher. Okay. What about trade deficit? That is also one of the concerns. Especially with the current trade deficit and trade deficit is one of the matters of concern. Okay. What is the Karthapur corridor? Karthapur corridor is a joint initiative between India and Pakistan, where in the six buildings, they will be able to visit Karthapur-Sahab-Purugara in Pakistan. And it will connect which place in India. Urdaspur to Urdaspur. Given the situation, that we are passing through as far as Indo-Pac relations is concerned, do you think this corridor should be kept on hold? Is it liable to be misused by some people, especially people? It's a possibility of misuse there, but it is not a viable reason to keep it on hold, because the faith of the children is of utmost importance. Okay. Now, you take interest in cricket. You watched yesterday's match. What was the difference between a victory for India and a defeat for India? I would say it is the individual reliance of the Olympics. Okay. Thank you. All right. You are interested in foreign services as your second choice. Prime Minister Modi, after the Obama incident, made a statement that the military has been given a free hand. Do you think as a diplomat, as an officer of foreign service, should military be given a free hand? It will be allowed to do what it likes. The military can be given free hand within the constitutional framework. And the military should not degenerate. So in no part relations, should military be given a free hand? Sir, I believe what Prime Minister was referring to was retaliatory to what Pakistan has done. But we are not a country like Pakistan where military can govern the entire country. So the kind of free hand that military has in Pakistan that we cannot do. You are not translating my question. Should military have a free hand as far as India-Pakistan relations is concerned? You already do what you like. I am sitting with my eyes closed. Sir, we cannot. Obviously. Last year, there was some action of the governor of Uttarakhand which was rejected by the Supreme. Do you have any idea? I cannot. Uttarakhand? I cannot recall that. You don't recall that incident? I don't recall the incident. Dr. K.K. Paul is still that one. He was the governor. And he had tried to intervene in matter which was purely within the realm of the speaker. You have no idea. Sir, if right now Governor is this may be the new governor. It's okay but I am talking about last year. Is Uttarakhand a special category state? Yes. What does that mean, special category? Sir, special category state is given to a state. Special category status is given to a state based upon certain parameters like border in the state, then geographical terrain difficulty, then economic backwardness. And Uttarakhand meets all these criteria. So what benefit does it derive from the center? Which other states don't derive? Sir, they receive more funding as compared to our own states. 30% of central funds they are given to 11 special category states. And when it comes to irrigation projects as well, so they receive funds. In centrally sponsored scheme, they get 90% as against 60% in other states. That is the real requirement. You are a foreign services parent. Name two main objectives of India's foreign policy. That is what it is trying to achieve through foreign policy. So first is promotion of national security. National security as well. And second is India's development, trying to furthering it, improving its relations with other countries. You are quite good at that. You know what is BRI, Burnt and Gold initiated of China? So under this it has launched some connectivity schemes. India is also responding. And has started certain connectivity schemes. Can you identify those schemes and hear the schemes? One is India and Japan. They have talked about Asia, Africa, North Korea. No, you talk of something which is actually on the ground. One is Chabad Port Project. Then Kaladan Multimodal Project. And India Myanmar Thailand Triliter Highway. Good. And BCI, Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, Kuala Lumpur. And DVM. DVM, which is of course history mark taken off. But on these side, others side. Triliter, Kaladan and Chabad. What is Kaladan? Where does it begin? Where does it end? Kaladan will start from Kolkata Port. Then it will connect Sikla Port. Then it will pass through Myanmar and connect Vizoran. Vizoran. In biotechnology, what do you study? Sir, biotechnology, if I can define it, it is application of technological process on biological systems and organisms. From many plate organisms. Biological means living organisms. Living organisms. Whether it is plant or it is... Microcosm. So do you deal with GM crops? What is the state of GM crops in India? Sir, as of now, BT Gotal is allowed to be cultivated. And when it comes to GM mustard, no decision has been taken off now. GEAC has given it clean light to allow it commercial cultivation but environment industry has not taken a decision as of now. Why is it environment industry taken a decision? Sir, because they believe that the impact of GM mustard on biodiversity and plant and animal health is still not... They are very keen to legitimize it. Supreme Court is putting its foot down. Mr. Modi is very keen to release GM mustard. Dr. Mantel's... What is the difference between genetics and biotechnology? Sir, genetics... Biotechnology... Genetics is one of the branches under biotechnology. I see. So we study genetics... So, cloning, etc. will be part of biotechnology? Yes, we study it under biotechnology. I see. And when you change the genes, that also is part of... Yes, genetic engineering is also part of it. I see. Now, Uttarakhand, after the incident in... What was that place? Giranath. Giranath. Then construction of dams has been halted in Uttarakhand. The large number of dams. Who has halted it and why? Sir, the activism that has happened after 2013 was... It has contributed to halting of certain... I don't like to put it. All right, activism, there are the aliens at all. But who... Which is the authority which has said no? We will not allow it until certain conditions are met. Supreme Court. Government of India and Uttarakhand... Government are very keen to launch. But Supreme Court says no. We must have a proper study of the ecological impact. You must know this, sir. Now, Uttarakhand is a border state. So, Bharatmala program must be functional there. Bharatmala. What is this program? And what work has been done as far as Uttarakhand is concerned? Sir, I'm not... Go on. What is Bharatmala? Projects under Bharatmala. But you know what is Bharatmala? It is meant to develop border roads. Right from Gujarat to Manipur. All the border is crates. All right, we close the interview. I'll give you a feedback. You have done well. You have been able to handle most questions nicely. We feel that questioning will be based on... On the right. In case you wish to write. Otherwise, you can write. So, most questioning will be based on your bio data. So, you're from Uttarakhand. Cross-phase your subject. Border service is your second choice. Biotechnology, etc. Are your studies, your main subjects. Then, meditation, reading books, watching... If it is these areas on which you should focus, We are trying to ask you questions. You'll get a video outside, Which will give you a full... This is the entire sequence of events of this interview. In addition, we feel that Constitutional principles should also be studied, Like 73, 74 of them. The social reform and political justice. What are the laws and institutions for it? In the country. Since Gedanath event happened, Disaster management has become a result issue. So, it can be asked What are the mechanisms for disaster management? Philosophy is your subject. Therefore, we have asked you a few questions. Dadi, Marxism, Judaism, Buddhism, etc. So, these are some of the areas And, finally, current affairs. So, it's a little easier. I think you will be very well informed. You're from Uttarakhand. Please take a look at the program. What is the budget and location for it? And, how much work is being done in your state? That's all okay. Good luck.