 Hello, ladies and gentlemen here in Davos and also our global audience online. My name is Mark Leonard. I'm the director of the European Council on Foreign Relations, and I'm very happy to be moderating this discussion today on the future of global cooperation. I've been coming to Davos now for, I think, almost 15 years. And the idea of working together to solve global problems is part of the DNA of the World Economic Forum and has always been the leitmotif of most of the discussions which have taken place here. But this year, the backdrop to those conversations seems quite different. We are seeing a geopolitical takeover of the world with competition and conflict eclipsing cooperation in many domains and many of the discussions which used to be mainly framed around cooperation seem to have taken on a different term this year. If you look at discussions about the future of the global economy, there are as many about economic warfare as they are about eliminating trade barriers. If you think about the discussions about technology, there's a lot of talk about the battles between different blocks and different systems. Even migration is no longer simply about the search for global talent. There's talk about migration and people, desperate people, being driven out of their homes, being turned into geopolitical weapons. And even when it comes to the most pressing global problems, such as COVID or climate change, we often see states competing with each other rather than coming together to help further the survival of mankind. I don't think that there are any less global challenges for us to solve than there were in previous world economic forums, but the challenge of coming together to solve them is becoming more and more difficult. And that's really our topic today. I'm very happy to be presenting to you an all-star cast from different sectors and different continents to help us make sense of how we can have global cooperation in a world where there is more and more competition. I'll introduce them to you briefly, and then we will go into a discussion and we'll end with some Q&A from the audience. To my far left, we have Sylvia Anna Aynio, who's a policy expert at the European Commission, where she leads the International Workstream on Sustainable Finance, but she's also the curator of the Brussels hub of global shapers and is going to be talking about some of the work that global shapers have been doing on these issues of global cooperation. Sitting next to her is Lance Pierce, who is the Chief Executive Officer of NetHope, which is based in the USA. It's a consortium of 60 leading global nonprofits that represent 60% of the world's aid funding delivered through NGOs. Next to Lance, we have Ilona Jabo de Cavallo, who is the founder and president of the Igarape Institute in Brazil, which is a global think-and-do tank focused on physical, digital and climate security, and she's also a young global leader. And last but not least, we have Kyung-Won Na, who is the special envoy of the President of the Republic of Korea. She was a judge before she went into politics and has had a distinguished career as the first female chair of the Foreign Affairs Committee in Parliament and the floor leader. And we're very happy to have you here today, Mrs Na. So maybe we can just start with this difficult situation that we're in at the moment, where we have a whole series of global problems, but we seem to be moving into a more zero-sum period of global politics. Sylvia, do you want to kick off and tell us how you see things from your perspective? Sure. Thank you, Mark. So just to start with, I want to introduce the speech with facts. As the global shapers, which is a community of the World Economic Forum of young leaders from all across the world, we have more than 500 hubs. What we have done during the COVID pandemic is we have worked on a youth recovery plan. We have realized basically that there were a set of topics that we wanted to understand how to tackle and what the youth thought about them. And of course, as policy leaders, we're coming across and trying to solve the issues of the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, we wanted to see what the youth had to say about it. We carried out a survey of more than 30,000 people all across the world. And one of the important findings that we got is that only 6% of young people actually want to run for office or think that politics can actually solve today's global issues. This is astonishing. And it is, of course, a fact that we need to reason upon and we need to find a solution to. It might be linked to different set of mistrust and also kind of disengagement towards the current political system. The good thing is while this is happening on the one side, we also found that the people that actually want to engage, let's say, in political entities, they want to do that at the multilateral level. So there's much more, let's say, political systems and political organizations that, for instance, look at specific values, take climate change, which is a topic that I also work on, and they're cross-cutting. They do not look at the nation state anymore as like a basis to work with, but they rather look at common problems and how to tackle them all together. So I do believe that there is, of course, a very strong issue with restoring trust in existing political systems that perhaps they do not really tailor anymore for the youth of today, which is the finance that we got. But there is, at the same time, let's say, young generation that really wants to engage in value-based politics and then wants to do that without looking at traditional partisanship but rather going across that and really collaborating across countries. So this is the first important kind of funding I wanted to present to you. Thank you very much, Sylvia, but how do you reconcile the fact that power still on a lot of the issues you're talked about is being held by the national governments and parliaments that these people don't want to get involved with? They want to get involved with a system that's increasingly powerless to deal with the issues that we're talking about. I think the main issue is that political systems of today perhaps do not really cater anymore for the youth and that's probably why the youth is not engaged with them. One of the reasons might be that, let's say, traditional political campaigns, and we found that they require a certain amount of financing to start from, and that might be also an obstacle to, let's say, get the middle class but also young generations to start these campaigns and to really engage. It is also linked to a question of representation and diversity, so how many actually diverse people we got currently in power in existing political systems? And I do believe that one of the key, let's say, actions that we need to do is to really sit at the table of political leaders at the national state and understand together with them what doesn't need to change at national level for, let's say, traditional partisanship to appeal because although multilateral groups, multilateral entities are really important to solve global issues, we do need nowadays more than ever, given the current situation of re-globalization that we're looking at, also in national states, also political leaders to engage at the national level and to be able to really mirror these value-based movements that we, as a young generation, so eagerly want to engage with. Okay, Lance, you lead this coalition of some of the world's biggest NGOs that are dealing with a lot of the wicked problems at a global level. How do you see the situation? What are your members telling you about the operating environment that they're in at the moment? Well, Net Hope is, as Mark said, a membership organization. We have 65 members who work in over 190 countries around the world, developed and developing. And if you could boil the issues down to kind of the core themes that our members work on, there are things like persisting inequality, climate change, both on the mitigation and as well as on the resilience side, and crisis response, which includes a number of the refugee crises around the world. And for all of those issue areas, global cooperation is essential. It's not possible to work on issues that increasingly cross national borders, cross regional borders, unless you've got robust systems of cooperation. And as noted, those are really under pressure in multiple ways around the world. So our members, as they look to prioritize the work that they wanna do and the ways in which that they can continue to serve people and places, we need these systems of cooperation to really be able to allow access, to allow flows of aid, material, people, talents and so on. And so there's concern among our members about the changing environment and concern about the ways in which they're gonna be able to work in the future, especially as we look at a landscape where there are likely to be more crises rather than fewer. Great. So Ilona, you may be at the interface of the first two speakers because you work on lots of big global issues of the type that Lance was describing, but you come from country, Brazil where national politics has been very much organized as a counter-revolution against some of the globalist forces that we're seeing. How do you see these two imperatives fitting together and what does it make you think about the future of global cooperation? Sure, I think we're, I think going into a multipolar world which is always more unstable and just brings challenges, but also I think it's, we have to recognize that this is a demand from many developing countries that we have a better redistribution. That said, I think we have several challenges to address there because even before COVID, we were seeing economic decoupling, supply change decoupling, we're seeing this internet fragmentation possibility, splinter net, we're seeing the climate shocks that also just understand the interrelations. So COVID already tested multilateralism and I would say Brazil till very recently was one of the biggest champions of multilateralism and I hope we'll go back to that stage because I think that there's no way out of that for the issues we face domestically but also internationally. So I don't see, when I look at all the discussions here, I totally understand the risks. I think we're living through an era of systemic compounding risks that will shape every decision but I don't see a way out of us to just go back to the table and try to find really solutions based on diplomacy, based on cooperation. So I was recently invited by the UN Secretary General to just join his new board on effective multilateralism and have a big agenda in front of us. So from here I'm going to Sweden for another presidential meeting and we're dealing with issues from peace and security, to climate, to international financial institutions. So how can we think about improving governance on those issues? Because even if we're seeing fragmentation and distrust, the only way for humanity and for the next generation to address what Sylvia was saying is that going back to the table. So let's try to do our best there. Great, thank you very much. Mrs. Nahr, you come from a country that's been very active on multilateral issues in the G20 and various other formats but you also find yourself in a part of the world that's increasingly caught between wanting to have very close economic relationships with China but also having security relationships with the United States. So daily politics is about these two big blocks pulling you apart in different ways. How does that affect your thinking about global cooperation? Thank you for... I was speaking Korean. Sorry, yeah. Please use. There are a lot of challenges in the worldwide... Yep. So the moderator, as moderator has mentioned, the world is facing the challenges to achieve multilateralism. After the Second World War, we have pursued globalization but after the Niman incident, multilateralism has been declining and the President Trump of the U.S. and other factors have just battled multilateralism and the COVID-19 pandemic also did not contribute to multilateralism. Then does the world have to give up multilateralism? I don't think so. Korea has been a recipient of multilateralism and we have grown thanks to multilateralism. This is a very important framework that the world has to work on and how do we have to maintain multilateralism? Our new administration has taken office two weeks ago so our new president, President Yoon Sung-yeol, has this diplomacy vision, which is value-based diplomacy. Of course there are conflicts between countries but there are other universal values that cannot be changed like freedom, human rights, liberal democracy. So countries who share these common values have to come together for multilateralism. This is the key part of our value-based diplomacy. This can enhance the values of freedom and this can also spread the value of freedom across the globe. It is not about giving up multilateralism. We have to respect freedom and human rights and countries who share the same values have to gather together to bring more prosperity to the world. Thank you very much. Maybe we can use what you just said, which is not to pivot into more of a kind of solutions-based part of the discussion. And I think what you talked about there raises some of the big challenges that we're facing. On the one hand you talk a lot about values-based diplomacy but increasingly values are being seen as one of the dividing lines in the world. President Biden has tried to frame the war in Ukraine as a conflict between autocracy and democracy and he tried to rally the democratic world on one side to isolate Russia and China on the other side. But at the same time, if we're going to deal with climate change or COVID, these are unfortunately not global phenomena which recognize the borders between boundaries. How do you build trust between countries that don't seem to share values that are conflicting every day about basic norms which have an enormous impact on our global infrastructure? How is it possible to have this values-based diplomacy but also to try and find ways of working through those differences of values to come up with concrete solutions on climate, on COVID, on security issues, particularly when there is very little trust between countries? Well, in that regard, I believe that it is very important to pursue the universal values. Universal values are human rights and freedom. This is very universal. Right now there is a war in Ukraine and there are conflicts between different countries and even when they try to make response to climate change, they put their own interest before other countries' national interests. And because of that, a collaboration is becoming more challenging. So we have to go back to the universal values because of that. Of course, China has human rights issues and we turn a blind eye to these human rights violations in Xinjiang, China. It is because that the world has pursued profit and efficiency rather than freedom and human rights. But we have to go back to basics. This is the time. This is what the time calls for. What is the first reason Russia attacked Ukraine? And why this has to be criticized? It is because Russia violated the freedom and human rights of the Ukrainian people. We have to focus on that fact and we have to try to spread these universal values across the globe. Then the global citizens have to benefit or have to enjoy these universal values. That should be the direction. And if diplomacy and collaboration are based on these universal values, then the rights of global citizenship can be enhanced. That is what I believe. And when we talk about response to climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic, I think the same logic should be applied. I'm here as a special presidential envoy of Korea. And when I reported to the president of Korea, he told me that green technology that would be required to solve the good climate change, these green technologies are global common goods. This means that we are talking about equitable access to vaccines and how to achieve net zero. I'm not just talking about vaccines, but when we have these technologies, we have to view them as global common goods. This should be the approach we take because these technologies are essential to guarantee a decent life and the dignity of the mankind. We have to realize this fact and if we just maintain this approach, we can solve a lot of issues. So, I always say ABCDE. Thank you very much for that. Can I just ask one quick follow-up question before going on to the next? Because in a lot of those areas you're talking about, particularly around technology, that is where values often come to the fore. So when it comes to regulation of the internet, for example, how data flows, so increasingly I think people are moving from an idea that maybe you have some global institutions with the universal values, but that a lot of regulations, particularly in these sensitive parts, which are so central to our everyday life and our democracy, are probably gonna be regulated more in smaller groups of like-minded countries and that values will actually lead to a fragmentation of the world rather than a coming together because there isn't the trust and the common values and that leads to a very different idea from the kind of one-world idea which is exemplified in the World Economic Forum's logo and in a lot of the discussions which have been had in Davos over the last few decades. Is that how you see things emerging? So the question that you want to know about is that how we pursue this globalization, that is what I think. So we have to go back to basics. Up until now, if we go back to basics, then this fragmentation of the world can be solved if we just respect human rights and liberal democracy, then the world can be gathered together based on these common values. How do you see that, Ilona? So I would just say I agree that we have to go back to basics, but I would say they were in charter, the Human Rights Declaration, that's the minimum, country signed, it's there, but at the same time we need to reinvent and make multilateralism much more agile, inclusive and able to deliver to the real needs of people. And unless we do that, and I think a good piece of information that you brought is that if young people really want to get involved in global questions, they might pressure from another angle because what's happening today with the lack of regulation, for example, for the big technology companies with increasing polarization, disinformation, this is really like I would say undermining not only democracies, but also social capital in general across the world. We don't trust each other. And I think to rebuild trust, we're gonna have to deal with like basic rules of the game. And there we have to be very principled because we cannot accept what's happening like in the case of Russia and Ukraine. We're gonna have to include more voices in the global debate. And I do believe that it does also ring power countries because when I think about our political leaders, they don't only don't have domestic support for dealing with the global questions because honestly, this distrust, polarization, disinformation, misinformation, among of course inequalities incapacity to deliver growing angry frustration. So, but one thing goes hand in hand with the other and we have to work multi-level but globally let's go back to basics but let's also reinvent, reboot, multilateralism and these will require more division of power, more plurality of voices and it's hard but it's the only way out cities, young people, civil society, business. So all the problem solving approach that you're saying that has to be like based on task forces, problem oriented and this will rebuild trust but unless we agree to see two different people and go problem by problem, you know and then make a common agenda again for the world we won't be able to move forward. Can I just ask you to go a bit more detail because are you talking about on the one hand empowering states and giving them a sense of control and sovereignty back which is the sort of like motif of politics in lots places not least in Brazil where people feel that their national governments are basically losing any purchase on the future of their country because of global forces, because of things which will be on their control and at the same time, you were saying that the solution lies in further diffusing power and getting big companies and NGOs. Local governments need to regain legitimacy with its domestic constituencies and do the right thing because today what leaders are doing is just playing for the audience, playing for actually a small audience generally in social media that is shouting and not really paying attention to the majority in general and to the real needs and to really the work has been done. So like we need to be able to vote for leaders that can sacrifice reelection power for people like they are not serving their people they're losing their constituents. So like it's if they can legitimize the role as leaders and really we have also to work with the possibility of like dealing with this, I would say epidemics of this information, then we can have a way out. So this has to go hand in hand but I don't see a way out for any country to deal with the problems we have today in their own. So unless they really want to collapse internally they're gonna have to engage multilaterally. So it's not, I don't think we can do it in different times like things have to go hand in hand and I do believe when I listen to what's going on like honestly when I talk to indigenous leaders when I talk to younger people I'm a former young global leader not a young global leader anymore but I still have my connections like with different constituencies there's so much human capital willing to go back to work together, we cannot have leaders that just don't, don't respect the basic rules that we have set to the world. And of course we need just to repact this into more inclusive organizations but we have to go back to basics in that sense of like we have the shared values there. Let's go back to the UN Charter, let's go back to the Human Rights Declaration then we build from there. Okay, I'm feeling a bit less old now. I'm also a former young global leader. I see. I thought you were a real one. Lance, you were laughting a lot while I learned it was speaking. How do you see things? Yeah, and several people have sort of mentioned the internet and kind of the new digital diplomacy that options that are out there and you know the legacy structures of multilateralism today don't yet sort of include the full range of possibilities made available by digital. I should say that NetHope was founded as an intentional partnership between the humanitarian and conservation sectors and the tech sectors. So that's in fact what we do. We work on partnerships, on digital, on data initiatives across the whole range of our member organizations. And so I think the digital commons that increasingly make it possible for us to communicate across great distances to collaborate in ways that we couldn't have imagined before to parse data at a scale that we couldn't have really imagined only a few short years ago. All of those areas I think you're gonna see creeping sort of into the new multilateralism and of course the UN is working on the digital compact, yes, that is expected to be rolled out in 2023. And you're gonna see more I think of these sorts of protections and standards and expectations and even values kind of rolling into some of the new frameworks that are beginning to take place. And that's important because as you mentioned, increasing forces of fragmentation, the things that pull us apart, many countries are shutting down the internet, literally shutting down the internet in advance of key elections, in advance of public debates, in advance of policy decisions. And this is not an isolated incident, it's happening increasingly in various parts of the world. So it's not something that people see everywhere, but it is a phenomenon that's real and advocates are really working to make sure that people do have access to this resource that really brings us all together in new ways. So I would say look for more of that kind of digital thinking moving closer to the center of the kind of reinvented multilateral frameworks that we're gonna have to see in a world where the climate is changing, in a world where opinions are shifting, in a world where people are moving across borders in unprecedented ways. And the internet's gonna be one of the things and our ability to use and understand data are gonna be key to helping manage all those things. And I think you're gonna see that migrating more to the center of those frameworks. Quick follow up on that. I just think we cannot forget that the big part of the world is not connected yet. Yes, that's correct. That's very important to address because I mean where there's the bulk of young people, Africa, we need to include them digitally in this world, and other parts as well, but I think we have just to make that point here that we need to also democratize the access to the digital world for these people. Absolutely, almost half the world is not connected. Yeah, absolutely. And so we're not able to take advantage of this. So in my country, we're working to bring digital connectivity for remote areas in the Amazon so people can also, I think that there will be a revolution there. That's why we don't have yet so much connection in terms of people also. And of course we have to take digital literacy and all sorts of even financial literacy for people that will have that access, but just to you, Mark. So Sylvia, how do you think multilateralism and global cooperation could be reinvented? So we've talked about effective mass naturalism and we talked about as well, value-based diplomacy and I would argue that we then need value-based politics. But what does that mean? Like how can we make it concrete? One key example that is very concrete, that is not only words out there is Europe because if we go back to history, let's not forget that Europe was a project of peace. The motto and the way in which Europe was created is united in diversity. This is like a project that started from values between countries that were at war with each other. That's what we're seeing today as well. We're seeing a situation where in front of a crisis, in front of a war, some countries are united around certain values. The values of today are solidarity and democracy. And I argue that without solidarity and democracy, there is very little space then for actually the other values to be built. And there are little spaces, let's say move towards other common goods and work towards preserving the environment, fighting climate change, fighting future and current pandemics and many other challenges of nowadays. And we talked about the internet and we talked about democratization of the internet. That is key in the sense that starting from agreeing on democratic values, this is the first point, let's say, to then believe that actually giving access to internet, not shutting down social media, giving voices and representation of voices, space to actually be heard, is the first step for then democracy to evolve. And democracy is evolving around the social media. We've seen all the movements that I've talked about beforehand. So these global multilateral movements which are from Fridays for Future, but also if you want the Arab Spring, originated from social media, originated from access to information. And that is because there was a belief or at least a movement towards democratization. If we do not have democratization first, I argue that it's very difficult to then move towards other common values that we're talking about. And this is possible indeed, as I said, because we've done that in the past. We've done that of course only among a certain group of countries. We're not talking about a global set of democratization of countries, but we've done that among countries that were at work with each other in the past and decided that peace and democracy were going before their single interest towards a global common interest, a global public good. Thank you very much. I'm about to open it up for questions and comments from the audience, but I think you wanted to say something first, Mrs. Ma. No. So everyone is talking about politics and the politicians are doing bad. So I feel responsible as a politician. So you talked about democratization of the internet and access to information. So we are talking about the crisis of multi-lateralism. And not just crisis right now. We already have the gaps between generations and between different regions. And I understand the anger of the younger generations towards politicians. Internet is a tool to spread information. I agree, but sometimes the internet is a channel to increase conflicts and tensions between different generations and between different classes and between different regions. If you look at the internet system like Facebook, Instagram and other social media channels, if you look at YouTube, then they are using algorithms to show contents that are just tailored to specific preference of users. And this radicalizes users. And this is also the trend of social media. People just see what they want to see and believe what they want to believe. So along with the democratization of the internet, we have to think about ways how we can reduce these factors that causes and increases tensions and conflicts between generations. I think this is another challenge that we have to overcome. Thank you very much. There's a very important point about how all of these forces seem to be double-edged. All of the positive sides of globalization seem to have a kind of evil double and a dark side as well. I'm now gonna, we've got about 10 minutes left for questions and comments from the audience. If people want to put their hands up to raise something and I hope you can bring a mic. There's a gentleman in the front row. If anyone else wants to put their hand up and lady over there maybe could give her a mic as well so she can come in. Thank you. My name is Saeed Mohamed. I'm from Oman. I have a question for now. When it comes to global values such as freedom, human rights, some argue that there is double standard. And they give the example of the current conflict, Ukraine, where the West actually stood by Ukraine, giving it support, military support, financial resources and all kind of other supports. And when it comes to other occupations the world is quite silent and nobody talks about it. So how do you respond to such criticism? Thank you. Thank you very much. There's a lady here in the third row. Thank you. My name is Naoko Ishigar, Director Center for Global Commons at the University of Tokyo. My question for the panel, maybe particularly maybe a lady from Brazil is that now when you talk about let's go back to the table. Who is actually going back to the table? I assume just based on the conversation. It's not just a representative nation state. You may be looking at much broader that a body of representing values. So then that if we don't see the multilateral institution which is not necessarily functioning too well, maybe the world is quite a kind of a complex world that representing those groups, they represent those values issue by issue or value by value. So how do you see the governing structure of this new world of multilateralism coming back? Okay. Are there any other comments or we'll have one more here in the second row? Thank you. I'm Hetis Amosir from Indonesia, Global Shipper Burn Hub, the coming creator. So it's mentioned before that a big part of the world is not connected yet. So what we can do as the young people, the future generation to create universal values that we have common understanding to solve the issues that we mentioned before. Thank you. Appreciate it. Okay. Thank you very much. So we've got three really great questions there. One about Western double standards, one about how do you govern this world of kind of different values and then finally how to connect people. Do you want to go first, Mrs. Nauri? I don't feel you have to answer all of them, but answer as many as you can in about 90 seconds. Who starts? Ladies and gentlemen. Do you want to start, Mrs. Nauri? Do you want to start? Why don't you start alone while you're at it? I'll go to Nauri. So that's precisely what we aim, like very humbly to just give ideas in a report that will be launched in February 2023 of the high-level advisory board and effective multilateralism. But the way we see is that of course we have to go beyond international cooperation, state-level cooperation and really think about the ways, for example, even they went to reinvent its capacity to absorb what's coming, like from, be a place like the World Economic Forum, be the amazing innovations that come out of cities, be seedsins that are already working, task forces very local, but very problem-oriented that could have ideas to scale up. So we're really thinking broadly, like we know there are, of course, member states that will continue to be there and that will be hard also to break the, let's say, power struggle, but we have to make it more inclusive. Otherwise, the system will implode because there are many issues already happening on the floor that are not being absorbed by the system. So we hope to come with great ideas, hopefully, in February 2023 to respond more precisely, but we're looking at many options. And just a quick question on the connectivity one. I think the young people that already have the connection needs to be very, like the solidarity has to be really increasing and we have to push into, unfortunately, at the moment of so many compounding risks and priorities, we have to look at the ones that are not there because that will change the world and I think for a better future that we have today. Okay, great. Would you like to get next, Mrs. Nero? Yeah. Well, when I listen to remarks of other panelists and questions from the audience, of course, there should be a priority and we have to focus on the biggest risks and threats first. So Korea is caught between China and the U.S. that was mentioned by our moderator. And I believe that the Korea has not played a role that it fits the economic status of Korea. So we have to do more. That's the realization of the new Korean government. So two weeks ago, our new president took office and in his inauguration speech, he mentioned the word freedom 35 times. So he wants to spread this value of freedom across the globe. Of course, Korea is already a liberal democracy but he wants to expand this value across our society and across the international globe and we will make bigger contribution to the world so that this value can be spread across the globe. We are ready to take on a bigger role in the international community. We will take more interest in the issues across the globe. Thank you very much. Lance, do you want to go next? Sure. I think inclusivity is a theme perhaps that runs across all three of those questions. I mean, to the gentleman's question about the double standards, you know, there are crises playing out around the world now and Tigray and the Venezuelan refugee crisis in Southeast Asia and Myanmar and other places that don't get nearly the kind of attention that they deserve. And I think we've got to have a multilateralism that addresses with equity systems that arise wherever they arise in the world. We have to, otherwise it won't be a multilateralism that'll be accepted unless it can do that. And I think Naoko asked the question about, you know, who's at the table? And, you know, that's partly the role of civil society is to bring people to the table to make sure that they're represented in forums where they can't always be represented. And unless civil society can do that, unless governments can do that more effectively, then they won't be seen as legitimate because they have to represent the voice of the people to the best possible way they can. And I think the final question about connectivity is really going to be key to that. We're in a world now that is, there are more people in the world than ever before. And unless we are going to find ways to really new ways to communicate and find what brings us together as opposed to what divides us, then we're not going to be able to survive in all of the change that's coming. We have to find ways to find those things where we have more in common as opposed to the things that drive us apart. We can always find things that separate us. We're gonna have to work a little harder to find the things that bring us together because that's the way we're going to actually get successfully through the changes that are coming. Great, thank you very much. Last word to you, Sylvia. Thanks, so one of the key kind of outcome from this discussion that I'm thinking about is really that I would like to sort of argue that we cannot avoid for multilateral institutions but also multilateral youth organizations as well to engage with the current system if we want to change things. Meaning what we need to do is of course we need to be offered a seat at the table. We also need to fight for it in a way because this youth mistrust the same global politics and national politics rather. It's something indeed concerning, deeply concerning, but the only way to change this is for the global multilateral organizations that we work with, that we engage with, that the youth wants to be part of, that have specific value-based type of policy and politics to engage with the current policymakers in order to bring the issue there and to engage in a discussion at that level. If we don't do that, if we just sit around the table in a beautiful multilateral entity or institution that however does not have maybe the same level of decision-making power and argue about how we all agree around global public goods such as climate change, that poses an issue in really then having a transformational role within the current system. So to change the current system, we can indeed gather in multilateral entities and organizations, but we gotta make the true talk in a way. So I would argue for that. Okay, well thank you very much to all of you for shedding so much light on a world that is very dark at the moment. It's been a really fascinating discussion. Maybe you can join me in marking our respect for the panelists in the traditional way. And I wish you all a great...