 In this module we will continue our aseptic operation and containment in a fermentation process as we have already discussed in our previous module that how we can assess the risk involved in fermentation process. So first when we assess the level of risk then we have to give them the category of that organism. So actually there are different categories of containment level actually there are four different categories of containment level. You can see here that GILSP mean zero level, one level, two level and third level. So actually in total number there are four risk levels. So if we see our process organisms, so first we have to decide either our organism is non-genetically engineered either that is genetically modified or GMO. So we have a clear cut classification into two categories, one non-genetically modified and other category is genetically modified. So if we say that non-genetically engineered and that is a wild strain and then that is the pathogens or so we can either that is pathogen and then based upon that eight point criteria described by colon 1992 so we give the four levels. So the containment level you can easily see that wild type having first zero category GILSP mean good industrial last scale practices are required, first category, second category and third category was as concerned that genetically modified that further classified into harmless group one and potentially harmful group two. So then they are further divided into two small scale and large scale mean the fermentation volume either we are using a lab scale or a pilot scale or an industrial level the same case of that. So if that is a small scale in both cases that known as a category but if there is a large scale either that belong to the group one or belong to the group two that goes to the B category. So if that is group one that is called as B one category but as concerned to large group and potential two then that B two, B three and B four categories. So by this diagram you can see that how we give different containment levels to our process organism. So if we know that our process organisms and their level of containment then according to the criteria reported by European Federation of Biotechnology EFB that was first reported by former at all 1989. He designed and he reported a table in which he mentioned clearly the different procedures we have to follow in different categories. So you can see here the zero category, one category, two category and three category. So these are the procedures written instructions and code of practices, biosafety manual, good occupational hygiene, good microbiological techniques, biohazard signs, restricted assas, accidental reporting and you can easily see by this if the sign is positive mean that is required. If the sign is negative it mean that is not required. So by this table we can easily find out that according to the containment level what kind of the precautions and what kind of the procedures we have to adopt to run the fermentation process. In this you can say that what kind of the necessary procedures we have to take as a primary containment level in which operation and the equipment you can see that in a work with viable microorganism should take place in a closed system and then the treatment of the exhaust air sampling in a closed system and these are the different procedures which we have to take into account while running our fermentation process. So by this you can see that M mean the minimum release and P is prevent release mean we have to be prevent any kind of the release but in M case we can say that if there is a minimum release we can easily handle that situation. But here you can also see that secondary containment facilities that require during different containment levels as you can see by this there are different procedures. Once the organism has been allotted to the hazard group then the appropriate containment requirement can be applied. So as we have seen in the table in a primary containment level and a secondary containment procedures according to the former et al. 1989.