 Lots of the program methodology or the way to approach fieldwork is quite different. And so apologize for anything you feel a bit funny, but you can give me feedback later. The Vietnam province, the region is home for members of 26 ethnic minority populations, as well as the majority Han Chinese. And each ethnic minority group has its own distinctive music, cultural language, and a set of religious practice. Vietnam's mountainous environment historically prevented people from easily traveling in and out of the province, which enabled many of these minority communities to develop and sustain their diverse culture tradition of a lengthy period. Meanwhile, intermarriage and the mingling of groups in shared localities had also stimulated some shearing, assimilation, appropriation, and explicit re-invasion. Today, many of these groups are under great pressure to assimilate to the norms of the majority Han population, and they are also subject to a rush of incoming cultural influence from many parts of the world, which they access through China's proliferating digital social media platforms, and to the numerous impact of a globalized mark economic market. My research thus takes place at the moment of change where traditional culture is often declining and sometimes being recast through government sponsored in tangible cultural heritage schemes by tourism initiatives and through the agency of NGOs and individual musicians and activists. I spend two years in Vietnam province for the fieldwork, and I travel lots of places. And so I just now play a few pictures. So you see the diverse environment of Vietnam. This is Aohai, Dali. This is Hong He. So we call River, Red River. This river actually towards the Vietnam border, so that's connected. And you will see in there, because Vietnam province had two seasons, they call a dry season and a wet season. So in the dry season, especially in the winter, it's almost a few months, not any rain drops, not like Ireland. So you see the riverbed completely dry. And they also have like lots of nice place. And here is like a forest and the fielder combined area very close to the Ban Na, Xi Shuang Ban Na, we'll see. The view is very nice. That's the home of a shaman when I visit him. I talked to him for a while. It's great. And this is from Zhou Chen. That's a bi people when they are in the festival. And this also bi people. And I want to say, although you see they wear their traditional clothes, but actually they all have lots of sets of traditional clothes. Because, you know, we like fashion, they like fashion too. So they also add some elements each time I had a skirt and the colors and dress it up or necklace that sort of thing. And here is the Yi people in the A Jia He is in the Hong He county. And you will see the left picture is a lot of their kids, because I went to that that village I got a feeling was so many kids. And I asked them, they say, Averagely the family had three to five children. And usually nobody look after them so they just play in the village. And they usually grandparents look after their kids. So you see, and a grandma is the little baby is grandma's back. That's quite nice bring back. And here is a village called Banzha in Hanyi, as in this is the village in the poor county. And I want to show this picture here is, we want to know, although Banzha is located in a very remote area in China, where vehicle access to the main extremely difficult political administration from China's central government, actively in place, which includes several important politics. Here are two examples are spotted when I during my visit. The left targeted poverty and affiliation, the right right hand side is called registered impoverished household. The right to hang on the front wall is the chairman of China, Xi Jinping, the picture acts as a reminder of who the household is supposed to set for their financial support. It's unusual to see it's in the urbanized area. So I have two projects in Vietnam. First is the Caroline is about the woman and sustainable development in traditional culture and the second is that newly founded the ERC starting ground is about social digital platform and the sustaining traditional culture. And this is a few memory because the finished his character line. And that's sponsored by the Marie Curie and the ERC. So I just give a brief title called applied cultural heritage as a means of sustainable development. The voice of woman cultural barriers in Vietnam, China, these projects are mainly aims to build a new model through collaborative applied research that optimize opportunities for economically. These advantages as a security. Marginalize the woman from ethnic group in Vietnam. And this is their second project and start from this June call everyone is a curator, digitally empowering ethnic minority music sustainability in China. So each year relies upon research in three ethnic minority villages in China and Southwest border. Each has its own music language and the performative culture. I just did the urgent challenge faced by the socially marginalized when striving to sustain their culture under the impact of urbanization digitalization labor migration political interference and so on. It sees upon new advances in digital social media to build a new opportunity for ethnic communities to control and curate their own heritage. Iquira asks, how can we empower ethnic communities to be the main actor in sustaining their cultural heritage through their daily participation in digital social media. Iquira has four intermediate research goals. Do you want to go through one by one that's actually the presentation when I in the vibe in the interview for to to to bid this. So if you're interested but it's not really relate to your subject. Okay, thank you anyway let's control the win three minutes so won't be lying away. So, Iquira has four intermediate to research goals first to uncover and understand the barriers, which prevent the villages from fall and the equal participation in digital platform. Second, to support them build the self reliance in their new digital circumstances. Researching these goals requires action based methods such as discussion with community leaders to establish shared goals participation in villages online and offline cultural activities and organizing workshops that lead to new understandings and the new digital capacities. So for you to research how the villages develop their critical awareness as curators of their indented culture. The key action proposed here is to create tailored program for widely use social media platforms such as we chat. We have indigenous language voice controls and image led user interface to enable villages to make a video and upload and share them online without having to rely on written Chinese. The final goal is to connect this crowd source the video materials into a globally accessible web database. The key breakthrough in curating its use of emerging digital technologies to in place this advantage of the people as a curator of their own culture expression. Creating an audio interface in each of the local language is especially an innovative aspect. Its central methodological strengths is the research teams reflective engagement with emerging aspiration or reservation expressed by the community members when defining and refining their own heritage. As a PI, I will work through collaboration with communities with whom I have established connections to create a walking model of socially responsive research with great potential for adoption and adaptation by other communities and researchers globally. And now go back to the NGO anyway that's all based on my working experience from NGO good and bad both sides. China is a party state culture with a strong central control to political power as everyone here know NGO has always watched the carefully under the Chinese government. Our NGO operate in wide spectrum of field for education poverty elevation community development environment health and provide lots of service as support for modern life group in Chinese society. So, effect NGOs in China have the capacity to be the alternative social service providers and have generally pro to be effective at this task when they are provided with the space to operate. So I'm going to talk about three NGOs today, and the first top two are the NGO I actually working with with them from 2017 to 2019. So I'm going to talk about the NGO Women and Mansion Studio, and they also will add another one for Lan Xu today as a alternative and different to taste to show the diversity of their function. So my interest to why we need NGO. So I will start from the story of a musician called Wang Liya, and he's I own you story can you guess I own you, what I mean. Okay. Anyway, when I explain. So, this, he musicians, he's 72. When I visit him, he's a very established a musician. So, when the local officer want to show their culture to outsider, so they always organize people to perform. So one day the one you got a call say, come in the county, and we need you performance and bring 20 women's and I will pay all the cost. And so, so he organized and rent a vehicle that went there, and the woman one likely you say okay I will give you money, two months later now you have to give them cash. Anyway, so all together the cost is 1200 Chinese Yuan, but when finished the local officer earlier content say okay actually I have no money to pay you right now. So, I owe you this money that's the receipt to say I owe you this 1200. So, I just say, although like a local officer, especially in the cultural administration, they actually doing that sort of the cultural heritage sustainable work, but they sometimes fail to do the job. So the NGO is the alternative power, or force in this role. So I first want to say the equal woman equal woman is viewed in 2001 actually when I last year, a final year I'm working with them their license already cancelled by Chinese government so actually I talked the last train way working them. And their way of working is, I call community based approach. See, that's all the activities I went there the first actually to me I helped them to sell vegetable every Friday afternoon. And they have a shop to sell the food for the vegetable planted from the part of the village. And so, all the money they gathered, they will give the money back to the villages, so they need to get a support financial support. But they have their vegetable claim is the green vegetables are very very expensive how they can make sure every Friday the vegetable down see the right side, they have a intern from the US. They give like English corner to provide free English education to the customer keeps. It's quite smart see that's the kids. It's quite interesting. And they had a partner village at the first one called chief of village. That's also the one I chose to be the partner village in my EQ a project. See that village is the woman there they carry very heavy things. So later I see some woman see the first one that their back is a bit kind of bendy because the, and the woman there they usually wear the traditional clothes that the man not see that's quite obviously and the lady here, he is the head of the village. And that's the rice seeding festival is actually, we help them to revise the best festival when I and NGO you come and we went there. So, see. Okay, so when we initially that we only had the 50 villages joining us, but later, when this the rice already like they can harvest already more village want to join so that time of several hundred villages join the activity we call the harvest vegetable festival. So it's kind of easy very crowded. Later, we had the increased impact actually the local government and social media they noticed that we did a very good job. So that that the job we did become one of the job the local government to do to to sustain their culture. It's kind of quite interesting you see how step by step to, and the village to is a little bit that's not far from coming so we visited there very often and play with them that's the mother. It's a bit like to because the child voice. And also, we have lots of the dance and the very amateur I just played it. That's the meow. And the wedding. See when the wedding they always like how many people will go back to the village to celebrate to the event. So actually based on what you call woman did I found that that's very important for participatory oriented working method from that point is kind of social bonding community building is important, but the performance skill isn't a priority. But here I still notice some some space like and you try very hard and really try very, very hard. And, but we still notice something you to improve it is like the NGO lots of NGO we have a very good intention, but the, the law high and the meow girls. She's also part of the stuff. One stop equal woman she said actually she noticed the NGO people still use their message and the thoughts and acknowledge as the urban people to put that idea to out to the villages so that's not be right. So the second one is their traditional cultural and take a sustained traditional culture as a mission we co-operation studio. So they have a lot of things listed here. And yeah just quickly glance. And that's the three key members, the lady you see the notice the head of the you see the woman. So you see actually the in this area lots of women take a crucial role for for sustained culture and for the NGO the organization are manageable. And that's the various activities they did they got a festival and the organized performance they find a funding from Hong Kong, you know if they got a funding from mainland China is very difficult so she's quite smart she's got a quite rich business man from Hong Kong like sponsor him a big some money so they can organize the whole performance in their bigger cinema. And they also they went to the village to see the token tokenize the photograph for them. And we also went to the forest, the real forest and recorded the ceremony. See that's a co-offering sacrifice to the T interest. Oh sorry, I need to go back. See, like if I'm as many college I will observe anything we want to do anything like you need to stand here let me let me take a photograph for you, or hand this one higher than your head or something we'll do everything what they have already. But this NGO they want to make the nice photo a documentary so they did lots of interviews of that. Anyway, it's still nothing yet. And also here is even worse than I noticed that they they try to sustain the shaman music so they asked a question when recording his performance. He asked her because at that time we noticed there were two trees in the village why the bigger why the small. And the shaman say this is the dragon god and this is the. This is the Earth God. Yeah, if I remember clearly anyway, there isn't so and the NGO person asked so why one tree bigger one tree small is that kind of big one is more powerful. He said no because this tree nothing not just just to say it, I mean just different size, but the NGO person still asked to say, but I heard about the dragon head is more a dragon God is more powerful than Earth God. So the NGO man is become not sure say oh yes you're right maybe so I think it's really like the outside the people they put their voice on the top of the local people. Okay, so that's the why my own thought is the research have noticed that many actions on the token by government or international agency are based on outsiders own interpretation as to what cultural heritage is and how it's my best is the same. Sometimes this result in the further marginalization of women as cultural barriers as external experts speak over the voice and the sensitivities of these people themselves. And that's a good example and they very successful. So I want to put it here as an example like a commercially successful example and that's the day. Yeah, it's still working. Let me play. Let's make the clothes. You know, I heard about Ireland also have that sort of machine life. And they also have like a shop shop and they, they pretty close they combine lots of the fashion designer and the very pretty lots of the customer go there just to make a nice photo so they can put up with our WeChat show off for how they travel and how they. So they actually engage the current like fashion very well as a good example, but in turn this NGO they paid the village woman they made that close much more high pay than they can get from other place. Okay, I think it's going to finish. Let me see what. Okay. So my observation on NGO success is there. They raise the self consciousness of the ethnic group to protect their culture. So we, they notice that action can rely on the simple program propaganda like the white Chinese culture official. Instead, it needs to be nurtured by various activities and the atmosphere, which gradually build up. So NGOs community based approach is an effective way to gather the villages together to practice their music dance and their tradition. And meanwhile, I observe their limitation is interventions by NGO, whether local international, actually the equal woman, they all sponsored by the one is Holland, the one is German why is Canada because I want to know where their money come from. So it basically that's kind of international NGO if you think about the funding purpose. So intervention from them can be very strong impact as urban values and understanding transform local perspectives and expectations, rather than allow the cultural barriers to actively reshape their inheritance to adapt to the contemporary social world around them. The two citation inspired me to write to this, you see ground. So it's like, whatever the culture sustained have to be on the solid foundation where people are to the main actor in their future. So my talk is finished. Welcome to any question. Any questions. Thank you doctor. This is very inspiring.