 Good afternoon to everyone. I am Divya Thadi a student of third year Tripoli in BVRIT Hyderabad, India So today I'm going to present a talk on real-time monitoring system using wireless sensor network for mine safety So as we all know in mines basically the workers are prone to lots of toxic gases as in when they are when they are mining activities that go on that is Maybe blasting or something at that point of time the many gases that is some some of them are very toxic that come out Due to which the minors minus health are in jeopardy So basically my real-time monitoring system tracks the amount of I mean the parameters that monitor the gases that is the toxic gases etc and displays them onto the screen so The contents of the talk the problem statement problem analysis problem solution the technical solution technical implementation prototype zigbee configuration Final data output prototype snippet further development Okay, what's the problem statement? So we have to prevent the unsafe incidents that are occurring in mines basically So we have to prevent the fire explosion and accidents We have to prevent in unsafe Accidents that are causing health issues to the workers Thus protect mine safe my mine workers from hazards thereby also reduce losses of property productivity and profits Protect destruction of natural resources and environment The challenges Sorry Okay, so we have to create a real-time monitoring system of Which monitors the safety parameters like the gases The the toxic gases temperature and humidity Okay, so the challenges that are being faced while doing this are is collection of data Transmitting the data acquiring the data from the underground mines analysis of the data generate relevant alerts So the problem analysis is divided into two parts That is one is the fire accidents and one is the gases that are being produced So the fire accidents have the source and impact. So the sources are gases released you do during explosions and That and gas is released in coal beds. So the impacts of these are injuries or life loss and Also loss of property and productivity So the incidents of explosion and fire depend on the flammability of gases and is high in methane and carbon monoxide So and the generation of harmful gases Sources and impacts so the blasting and explosion gases released from coal beds Spontaneous combustion Accidental fires so the impact of these sources are health that is mainly on the health impact. So Asthma bronchitis headache fatigue and sometimes causes death So these two gases are considered for the prototype that is the methane and the carbon monoxide as of now So they're more harmful gases than these two. So the harm the health impact depends on the exposure time and toxicity levels We need a system to remotely monitor the gas the gases and fire exposure in real time So the problem solution is We need a monitoring system to monitor the fire accident and harmful gases and to monitor this we need a Temperature we and we need to monitor the temperature humidity methane and carbon monoxide So to monitor these parameters We need some sensors and the sensors I have used is DTH 11 sensor MQ 4 sensor MQ 7 sensor so After monitoring, I mean after getting the values from the sensor we need to you know Basically send the information to the computer so that someone can actually monitor the date of the parameters and also when the Parameters exceed the threshold value. We need a buzzer to basically give up an alarm that this is exceeded the threshold value So the technical solution is we are going to have two Two two units one is the sensor unit and another is the monitoring unit and in the sensor unit We have the sensors first that is methane carbon monoxide temperature and humidity and These sensors would be connected to the microcontroller and the microcontroller basically acquires sensors data Processes the data controls the buzzer LED and the Zigbee transmits the data through the Zigbee and This micro data from the microcontroller is being transmitted to the Zigbee so actually I've used the Zigbee technology because its range is really very high and Basically Zigbee has this set data wherein it transfers One 250 kilo bits of data per second So which is actually suitable for sensor technology whenever we use a sensor input or any input device This Zigbee technology comes into very handy So I have used two Zigbee I have configured one Zigbee as a transmitter and another Zigbee as a receiver So this Zigbee transmitter basically basically connects collects the data from the microcontroller and then Transmits the data to the Zigbee receiver that is in the monitoring unit So the Zigbee receiver here collects the data from the Zigbee transmitter and Further transmits the data to the Zigbee monitor and And near the Zigbee monitor we have acquired the data from the Zigbee receiver and displays that data So the technical implementation of The sensor unit and monitoring unit. This is basically a methane sensor Carbon monoxide sensor temperature and humidity sensor So these three sensors are connected to the Arduino, you know, which is the microcontroller and In turn connect and an Arduino, you know is connected to a buzzer and an LED display and The Arduino, you know has to be interfaced with with the Zigbee and for which we will be needing an interface board So here we've used a Zigbee interface board and yes, this is a Zigbee trans transmitter and This is the Zigbee receiver and this is a Zigbee receiver board Which should be connected to the monitor display. So I would like to Tell clearly the flow. So basically the sensors will be sent sensing the Parameter, I mean sensing the gases and all From which the information will be passing on to the microcontroller The micro if the threshold values of the gases, etc. Will be exceeding the limits it will be sending signals to the buzzer then the buzzer will buzz and And simultaneously this these values will be displayed on the LCD and later Okay, so this is the sensor unit and the monitoring unit as you can see This is the LCD Where in the values of the temperature? Carbon monoxide and all are displayed. This is the buzzer and These are the sensors. This is a Zigbee transmitter and this is the microcontroller This is a sensor part and this is the monitoring unit and the monitoring unit consists of the interface board and the Zigbee module Moving on to the next slide how to configure Zigbee So we have an Opens of software called XCTU software wherein we can configure the Zigbee So we have to conflict to configure the Zigbee one as in coordinator another as a router So Here we have to set the same pan address for the Zigbee and the For the Zigbee transmitter and the Zigbee receiver and we have to you know, basically make some changes in the Configuration such that one works as a transmitter another works as a receiver and set the remaining values to the Ziddi default So this is the final data output. So as you can see this is the transmitter Zigbee This is a transmitter the Zigbee and this is the receiver Zigbee. So I have got the temperature sensor methane sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor values on to the Zigbee receiver console. This is the final data output So this is the prototype snippet So it is hard to test the methane and carbon monoxide values in in a home environment Basically, I've I've set this up at home So it is basically hard to test those so in order to show the working prototype what I have done is Reduce the threshold values. I have ready. Okay. I'll just show the video Okay, as you can see the temperature value is 31 The methane value is 192. So likewise what I have done is I have reduced the value of the temperature in the code So I'm dumping the code It's compiling It's uploading the code to the microcontroller and This is the buzzer. So by reducing the threshold value. I have Basically found a way to test this test whether these sensors are working or not So likewise, I've changed all the other parameters values I have reduced the parameter threshold values and I've checked whether the sensors are working or not I have test tested all the four sensors Sorry, sorry So this is the working prototype So the further developments add more sensors for detecting other gases like carbon dioxide oxygen and hydrogen sulfide Perform testing of sensors in real lab environment using fire temperature methane carbon monoxide, etc Design and develop the casing for the device Program the monitoring unit to process the data acquired Perform analysis and generate appropriate message alerts and warnings Establish a two-way Zigbee communication and develop Zigbee network model and test this product on site Thank you. Any questions? Okay, do I have to tell individually so the So actually I'm gonna set up a network. This is basically only a device right in later in the later time I'm gonna make it a network. So I cannot write. Okay, I'll just tell you the details of this Approximately it's gonna cost thousand rupees only the the monitoring unit and Then the receiving unit the bigger one that I showed this side that's gonna cost about two thousand Overall, this this whole thing might cost approximately to three thousand Yeah The the sensors can they be used for monitoring? Yeah, pollution so in underground mines you want to test the pollution Yeah, so there'd be there are other other sensors which can be used to monitor pollution So I think it'll be better to use that that Yes, I have calibrated So in later time what I am planning to do is give the Threshold value so see now I have given the threshold values as 30 As you saw in the video so later I'm planning to give this this set of thing to the owners of the mines wherein they can set because that mining temperatures differ might differ Right, so I'm planning to make a small website kind of a thing wherein they can actually put this threshold values they can actually stipulate those values and they can Give that threshold value so that It connects if it exceeds that value they can monitor Yeah, so the the sensor values goes to the Zigbee every second So actually right now if I have the Zigbee I can I can show you every second that is coming the The data ever goes every second so I could have showed you that but right now I'm not having the Zigbee module with me So I just showed you this right so So what one does that one one? Manually yeah Swing yeah So maybe I I'm actually planning to write a code for that also To actually if a person is sitting right in front of the monitor in case that Threshold value exceeds I would write a code where it buzzes there also So it'll be easy for him to notify to get notified if there's a swing in the gasses sign or sensor values So I didn't know basically if the if it dies we have to replace one we have no other option Yeah, there's no like that so I was gonna use it to control Robots in the fact in the French factory, and then I realized if this thing dies of me my friend's Investment Yeah, so Noting this point. We have used the Zigbee technology wherein it's very easy to replace the end device So it is very easy. So we just have to replace the Arduino not the whole setup It is very easy this way. So that's the reason I chose the Zigbee Zigbee technology in this case There are plenty of fake Yeah, exactly the same. Yeah Okay The Arduino has a map of Italy printed on it the original one is in high-res the fake one Yeah, I'm not as good. Yeah Yeah, so we have to we have to be very keen while selecting the Arduino. That's all we can do We have to be vigilant while selecting one Thank you. Any more questions No Yeah Pardon Zigbee Yeah Yeah, I'm gonna try meshing I mean use the mesh network in the in the latest stages because this is only the prototype of the devices So later I'm going to create more such devices and create a mesh network So that information from miles can be trying I mean from different from distant places can be You know, basically an information can be retrieved from distant places also Thank you. Yeah I Didn't get you if we can actually increase the sensitivity So in case we need we need to we need to catch up very small amount of gas also We need to you know, change the sensitivity values in the court so that even if this slide change We can actually catch the gas values Any more questions? Yeah, thank you