 Welcome back to our meds smarter lecture series where we're taking a smarter approach to preparing future physician Before we get started if you'll take just a quick minute and click that like button and also Subscribe and turn the bell on so that you'll be notified when we post new videos Let's continue on and discuss the immune system Specifically the different types of immunity that our body has we have two different types We have the innate immunity and we have adaptive immunity All right, so let's talk about in this particular chart the components the mechanism and the resistance of the two different types of Immune systems and how they work in conjunction with each other as well as separately from each other So the components of our immune system in the innate immunity are all of the cells that the body produces Naturally that don't have any specificity so the neutrophils Macrophages monocytes dendritic cells natural killer cells Complement physical epithelial barriers and secreted enzymes are all part of that innate immune system everybody has well Most everybody has these cells We do have obviously the cases where people might be missing some portions of these cells but The general population in general has all of these cells within their body and they all function More or less the same way The adaptive immune system or adaptive immunity is where we have that differentiation and you will see everyone have a different immune system as far as part of the adaptive immunity then Even someone in their own household. It's all based upon what they've been exposed to what their body then creates An immune system cells against so the T cells the B cells and circulating antibodies are all part of the adaptive immunity So how do we get these in the body? Well, the innate immunity like I said is there all the time. It's encoded by the germline. Okay, so your neutrophils are encoded in your DNA Whereas the adaptive immunity is going to have many variations All right, it goes through variations via that Vdj recombination If you remember Vdj is the variable joining and diversity gene segments All right, so what we're going to see here will have recombination in humans that is going through the primary lymphoid organ So bone marrow for all the B cells thymus for the T cells And it's a random order where it rearranges and causes different gene segments to occur as far as resistance goes the innate immunity Has resistance that comes through generations Okay, this doesn't change during an organism's lifetime because all of those cells are coded for by the germline the adaptive immunity however because it does have that recombination that Continuously occurs microbial resistance isn't and isn't heritable All right, so that means that an individual cannot have resistance passed on to them by Someone above them in their genetic line Let's continue on and discuss the response to pathogens secreted proteins and key features of pathogen recognition between these two different types of immunities So the innate immunity has non-specific response to pathogens these will typically occur rapidly and There is no memory. So if you are exposed to a particular pathogen Let's say E. Coli your innate immunity will respond non-specifically to E. Coli it will attack it with everything that it has and Do that rapidly over the next minutes to hours, but it does not Recognize and know that it was a certain particular pathogen and build up stronger resistance to it later in the future That is in direct contrast to the adaptive immunity the adaptive immunity is highly specific and As you are exposed to other pathogens over period of time it continues to be refined So this develops over long periods the memory response is faster and more robust the innate immunity Secrets lysis I am complement C reactive protein also known as CRP Defensins and cytokines whereas the adaptive immunity is your immunoglobulins think of IgG IgA IgM Those are part of your adaptive immunity and some key features between the two different immune systems or immunity is We have toll-like receptors with the innate immunity and this is a pattern recognition where we see Receptors recognize pathogens and then lead it to our natural killing cells via the activation of NFKB We also have PAMPS like LPS Liposomal polysaccharides They're only found in gram-negative bacteria and then flagellin And nucleic acids on bacteria and on viruses on the other side of things in the adaptive immunity Adaptive immunity has memory cells. Okay, those memory cells are activated B and T cells that gives us Previously encountered organisms stronger immunity quicker immunity response. So if you have been in contact with a particular pathogen in the past your body has recognized it has created some adaptive immune cells T cells B cells antibodies and It can recognize it for future encounters and strongly and quickly respond to those particular pathogens If you found this material helpful for your studying Please like and consider subscribing to the channel also share this video so that more people can benefit from it like you have