 فَبُتْتُهُ آدَكَ الْأَيَّامُ فَتَّى وَتَنْهُ حرش حرف is a particle he said والحرف is a particle ما لا يصلح معه دليل اسمي it is anything that it's not befitting for it meaning it doesn't accept the signs of a noun nor a sign of a verb a particle anything that doesn't accept the sign of a noun and it will never enter it and the signs that enter a verb it won't enter it this is called a what that's called a حرف a particle it is called a particle والحرف a particle ما لا يصلح معه دليل اسمي ولا دليل الفعلي the signs of a noun and the signs of a verb both cannot enter it they are both cannot they both cannot enter it so here basically the sign of a حرف is what عدمية it has no sign بلي ذلك الحريري ملحة العراب بدره سي حريري لا الأخضري عبد الحمال الأخضري لا حريري the author of ملحة العراب حريري he said والحرف ما ليس له علامة فقس على ما أقوله تكون علامة حرف is anything that doesn't have a sign it doesn't have a sign and at the grammar they had a discussion how can something exist and not have a sign it exists but it doesn't have a sign how does it exist how do you identify it how do you know it that's something we're going to have to talk about later والحرف ما لا يصلح معه دليل اسمي ولا دليل الفعلي وأقوله now we're going to go into the speech of محمد محيدين عبد الحبيد he said وأقوله I will say which is the author of تحديد تحفة السنية he said وأقوله I will say يتميز الحرف عن أخويه الإسم والفعل بأنه لا يصلح بأنه لا يصلح الدخول علامة من علامات اسماء المتقدمة ولا غيرها عليه he said that the the the the the the distinguished from its two brothers the the distinguished it is categorized from the noun and the verb by what بأنه لا يصل لا يصلح that it is not correct دخول for it to enter it علامة a sign من علامات from the signs اسماء from the signs of the noun it can't enter it المتقدمة that before mentioned المتقدمة before mentioned which which we've previously spoken about ولا غيرها عليه and other than it كما just like لا يصلح لا يصلح الدخول علامة من علامات الأفعال the same way that it cannot enter it a sign from the signs of a verb cannot also enter a particle التي سبق بيانها which has preceded us clarify that سبق whereby we've spoken about it previously what have we spoken about we've spoken about the signs of a verb بيانها is clarification ولا غيرها عليه and other than it can't enter it ومثالو who example of a particle is من وهل ولم he chose three types of it to use it as example the word the first one is من the second one is what حل and the third one is what لم why did he choose these three or these three particles from all of the particles that he could have chosen each of these three signifies a category of the categories of a particle the particle حرف is divided into three حروف which are مشتريكة يشتريكو فين اسم والفعل it enters the verb it enters it enters اي اسم and it enters a verb there are حروف particles that enter a noun and they also enter these particles like the word حل the word حرف حل it enters onto a noun as much as it enters onto a verb the word لم is مختص بالأفعال it's specific for the verb it's specific the word لم it only enters onto a verb and the word مين the word مين is مختص بالأسماء it's specific for the noun it doesn't enter any other it doesn't enter a verb it only enters a noun so that's why he chose those three so the word مين is مختص بالأسماء the word حل is what مشتركة بين الأسماء والفعل and the word لم is what the word لم is مختص بالأفعال very good that's why he chose those three الشارح محمد محديل عبد الحميد هذه الكلمات الثلاثة these three letters or these three words هذه الكلمات الثلاثة حروف these three من هل ولم they are words which are particles they fall under the category of the حرف so you can't call من you can't call هل an اسم you can't call لم an اسم no can you call all three of them are verb they are what they are حروف they are particles لأنها why are they لأنها لا تقبلوا الأل because it does not except أل if the word مين you can't say and it won't accept it for you to say أل مين no not at all ولا تنوين and it doesn't accept تلوين you can't say مين مين منا you can't say that it doesn't accept it ولا يجوز وان it is also not befitting دخول حرف الخفض عليها حرف which is حروف الخفض cannot enter it so the sheikh then says فلا يصحوا أن تقول it is not correct for you to say أل مين ولا أن تقول for you to also say من ولا أن تقول إلى من you can't say that إلى من you can't say that وكذلك بقية الحروفي and you can do the same with all the other remaining particles all of them are the same من is only an example but all of them are like that they all won't accept أل they all won't accept تنوين they all won't accept حرف من حرف الخفض to go before it and what were the signs for those those were signs uniquely known for who they were signs uniquely known for now so now we realize that the حروف they don't accept the sign of a now we tried it on it and it won't وأيضاً also لا يصحوا أن تدخل عليه السين سين cannot enter حروف الخفض ولا صوفة and also صوفة doesn't enter حروف الخفض ولا تاء التقنية الساكنة and also تاء التقنية الساكنة they enter حرف ولا قد and also قد doesn't go ولا غيرها other than it مما هو علامات على أن الكريمة فعلون also the signs that indicate that this word is a verb those signs they don't enter it so all of the signs that we've taken from the noun if we try it on a حرف we realize that it doesn't accept it we tried also the place in it حروف علامات الفعل the signs known for the verb on to a حرف it also doesn't accept it so what became clear to us it became clear to us that a حرف does not accept the signs of a noun and it also does not accept the signs of a theb it doesn't تمرين ونأكسسيس تمرين ونأكسسيس ضأ place كل كلمة in every word من الكلامات الاتيتي in the upcoming words في كلام مفيد in a in a complete sentence يحصر السكوت عليه the person who you're speaking to will become silent a sentence which is complete so why is he saying to his sentence which is complete because you studied what it means كلام is what هو لفظ المركب المفيد بالوضع صحيح so it has to be a complete sentence so he wants a sentence like that and the words are نخلط palm tree I'm a date tree الفيل elephant يناموا sleeps فهما he understood الحديقة God our park الأرض the earth الماء water يأكل he's eating يأكل is he's eating أثمر is the crops الفاكه is the fruits يحصد is to reap or to harvest يذاكر is to revise يذاكر is to revise that's the first exercise the second exercise is ضع في المكان الخالي place in the empty spot من كل من كل من كل مثال in every sorry من كل مثال in every example من الأمثلة الأاتية in the upcoming examples كلمة place A place A word يتيم بها المعنى in which the sentence will become complete وبيم and clarify بعد ذلك after that عدد أجزاء كل مثال the number of every example ونوع كل جزء and also the type of every every one of it the type of all of them so the word يحفظ الدرسة يحفظ الدرسة memorize the lesson الثور الثور الأرض you placed so the word يحفظ الدرسة you place in between it what the correct word the word الثور الأرض the word before it you place a word I'm not going to explain it to you because if I do then that gives you guys the the answer I don't want to if there's a strange word we'll explain it يسبح في النهري the word يسبح is to swim تسير في البحار تسير do you guys know what تسير is to sayo sayo ير and في البحار يرتفع في الجو is the snow يكثر ببلاد مصرأ that is known الوالد على ابنائه الوالد على ابنائه الوالد المؤدب مؤدب is manad السمك في المائي علي الزهرة that's what known بين الأفعال الماضية clarify the past verb والأفعال المضارعة and the present verb وأفعال الأمر and the verbs which are commands so you have to clarify which is the past verb present verb or the future verb or the command verb والأسماء and also those which are nouns والحروف and those which are particles من العبارات آتية in the upcoming sentences ما جعل الله لي رجلي من قلبيني في جوفي so you're going to look at each one and you're going to say particle verb noun and then if it's a verb you say which type of verb is past present future okay يحرص العاقل على رضا ربه إحروف لدنياك كأنك تعيشوا أبدا so يحرص العاقل the smart one he strives to pleasing his Lord يحرص العاقل the smart one he strives على رضا ربه pleasing his Lord حرث حرث is to what حرث is when a person he plants the seeds plant the seeds in his dunya as though you're going to live forever يسع الفتاة لأمور ليس يدركها he strives the young boy to matters which he doesn't comprehend it لن تدرك المجدى حتى تلعق الصبرا you're never going to reach honor until you attach yourself to it and you gain patience ان تصدق تصد if you tell the truth you these are these are words which are taken from wise arab sayings قد أفلح and of course the statement speeches of Allah قد أفلح من زكاة وقد خاب من دساها all of these are what all of these you have to bring out those which are those which are those which are those which are those which are those which are those which are each one you bring it up and I will check that بذن الله الكريم we have now finished we have now finished we've finished كلام and it's three types the author now is going to go into باب الإعرابي but then I now move on to the core essence of grammar إعراب إعراب brother's means so this chapter is the introduction is over now that was the introduction this is where the book starts from باب الإعرابي إعراب means grammatical analysis it's to grammatically grammatically analyze words that's what إعراب means باب الإعرابي the chapter of grammatically analyzing words الإعراب to grammatically analyze a word means what does it mean when we say إعراب we're going to grammatically analyze the word what does that mean it means it is the changing that occurs at the ending of the word it is the changing that occurs at the ending of the word why لختلاف العوام للداخلة عليها it is the changing that occurs at the ending of the word because of the factors changing it every different situation that it goes in or every different factors and external factors that enter on to it they change it لفظا أو تقديرا and that changing is either explicit or implicit it is either explicit we can see it or it's implicit okay so this is what the word إعراب means إعراب here هو تغيير أواخر الكليمي لاختلاف العوام للداخلة عليها لفظا أو تقديرا you just have to understand from this just three things first of all it is changing that occurs in the ending of the word pay attention one it is changing إعراب means three things that's it based on إبن أجر رومs definition first it is there are changing that is occurring from the ending of the word so we're not going to look at the middle or the front that's not our job we're studying a grammar book the grammar they only analyze the ending of the word the ending of the word one so it is the changing that occurs at the ending of the the word the second thing is the factors that change it from situation to situation so this word goes through it goes into sentences and every sentence because it is changing from one situation to another observing it is also what grammarians do I'll give you guys an example for example جاء زيدن جاء just keep paying attention to the word زيدن look at that name زيدن and look at the last ending of it when I pronounce it جاء زيدن good رأيت زيدن مرار to be زيدن زيدن has changed in every situation the grammarians are going to look at the ending of the word زيدن so they're going to say جاء زيدن دم دال هيا it is مرفوح رأيت زيدن زيدن here is منصوب مرار to be زيدن here it is مجروف why the changing has occurred at the ending of the word زيدن حالة الرفع والنصب والجري it changed the changing is the ending of the word جاء زيدن زاء and the ياء haven't changed what's changing is the دال and that's what we observe we don't care about even if the زاء and the ياء change we don't care our concern is the ending of the word زيدن جاء زيدن رأيت زيدن مرار to be زيدن so the grammar they were looking at the end and they see that they automatically know something's happening here good automatically the changing of the ending of the word the second thing was what each place that زيد is in one time it was the subject which is the first one جاء زيدن who did the coming زيد came so زيد is the subject he's the one who is doing the verb the action of coming in good the second one it's an object the action that the subject is doing it's happening on زيد which is I I am the one who رأيت is I saw so صور is a verb and the one who saw it's me who did this seeing occur on the object is who here زيد so زيد when it was a subject and when it was a subject and when it was a object it changed from its grammatical position it changes and then the last one was what there was a particle before it which was the verb and we took before these particles whenever they go before a noun they change it to a جر and we're going to see that even more Insha'Allah