 فشرف بالاشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا بدا بدا وياله من شراف عظيمي مخالفة الثقة شخص مخافي ورعبا شخص مخافم again لكن هذا الشخص مجال أصحابة حفلة ورعب هل يمتطون يا ببشر؟ الثقن عن الحفلة المشاهد من ثقا من يشاهد منه أكثر عدده يؤمن بأشياء يشاهد منه أقوى هل هذا الم makes sense أخي هل أنت معي هل تنقلع now هذا المشاهد ماذا؟ ثقا is reliable يؤمن لأخر مشاهد who is ثقا هذه الثقة التي أقلها من هذا المخلوق هذه الرواية يسمى محفوظ و هذه كانت محفوظ ستكون محفوظ هذا ما يجب أن يقول لك فراجحوا المحفوظ المخلوق الذي سيكون محفوظ و التي من المخلوق ستكون محفوظ هذا حديث يسمى محفوظ now و يأخذ هذا محفوظ محفوظ جزاك الله محفوظ محفوظ لكن هناك محفوظ بين الأعلى والعين هل أنت معي أخي؟ هل أنت معي؟ ماذا عن الآن؟ إذا يأخذه، يأخذه الناس who are more than him in number يقولون ذلك بالنسبة هناك محفوظ ستكون محفوظ و هو الذي ستكون محفوظ شاد هل هذا العقل؟ ماذا عن الآن؟ هذا كل one type right؟ الثاني is يوم شخص who is weak يوم شخص who is better than him يوم شخص who is greater than him أو يوم شخص who is larger than him in number هل أنت هناك؟ ماذا يسمى محفوظ؟ مونكر و هناك محفوظ هناك محفوظ هناك محفوظ محفوظ هو نفس محفوظ و المحفوظ هو نفس محفوظ و لذلك يريدون أن يقولوا يوم شخص who is a weak أو يوم شخص who is authentic هل هذا يجعل المجموعة للجميع؟ هذا يهم جدا في مكان هناك كل مكان يمكنك أن تكون لديك مستوى و يتكلمك معك و يجب أن تفهم أن هناك شخص who is a many أو يوم شخص who is this أو يوم شخص who is this يوم شخص who is always going to be taken يوم شخص who is always going to be taken هناك بعض المجموعة who are like that أحمد من حبل سادي أحمد سعيد القطان I will take him all the hundred people لا أريد أن أحد يجب أن يقول are you with me because of his memory and his precision and his reliability he has been tested to the core so يحمد السعيد القطان is a narration أحمد رحمه الله he says I will take it بغض النظر عن من خالفه I don't care who is him does that make sense so now every opposition do you jump to plus another time another thing you have to realize is that يحمد السعيد القطان يحمد رحمه يحمد رحمه if there is no rule why are you going to say to Shad and محفوض صح move in the finger yeah move in the finger in the Tashahr there is no rule there is no rule say that they are Shad and is محفوض because the Arabs they call pointing at something with your finger still and pointing somebody by saying to them come here and move in your finger they both call it تحريك but they both both part both of them are known as تحريك according to the Arabs so you can't result to say this opposition there is no opposition here حلفتهم you can only result to Shad and محفوض when there is an opposition according to the Arabic language whether you move your finger or whether you don't move your finger they call it إشارة إشارة is it falls and move in the finger and not move in the finger so the رواية زيادة زائده ابن قدامة الثقفي does not oppose the the other what it doesn't have any harm أصلاً نعم قوى رحم الله تعالى now the author goes into another issue رسيقه غرابة نسبي is incorrect on the side of the author it can also happen in the فرض المطلق as well it's not specific to فرض المطلق basically what it means is that if this حديث is غريب it's singular and there comes another narration and it supports it and this narration are both coming from what they're both coming from the and شيخين واحد from one sheikh from one teacher so two people are narrating it from one teacher both of them are giving each other what is known as مطابع it all goes back to one companion all one narration this narration is supporting the other narration are you with me brothers whereas if this narration has a meaning in it that some may weaken it but it has another narration that supports the meaning the overall meaning then it's a شاهد even if they're not the same narration even if it's not from the same companion are you with me even an آيك بي الشاهد فرض حديث شاهد it just means it testifies to this concept are you with me brothers like for example some of the scholars they weaken the narration where the Prophet ﷺ he said ستفتلك أمة على 73 فرقة all of my umma are going to be divided into 73 sects all of them are in the health I accept too accept what accept the one who is upon that which I and my companions are upon some weaken that narration they said it's incorrect some of the حققين of the علم الحديث have weakened it are you with me brothers brothers are you there and they said it's weak we have a شاهد for it whether you guys weaken that narration or not we have a what شاهد for it what's the شاهد the other Rewire that has another different companion who the Prophet ﷺ said will say when the hadith came down and the Prophet ﷺ said who were the Jama'a at that time the Prophet ﷺ there was no other Jama'a that's a شاهد weaken if you want but now it has been authenticated by what by this meaning does that make sense this is called a شاهد whereas a متابع is different متابع means they're both from the same hadith from the same شيخ from the same سند from the same companion this is called a متابع and اعتبار means this effort that we just did right now which is we were following the narrations and saying this narration supports this narration the تطبع of the narrations and the work the hard work that you're putting in to find an extra narration to support this and that this work is called اعتبار does that make sense brothers this work of yours وتتبع طرق لذلك هو الاعتبار the following it is and the متابع is two types which is one less known as متابعة تامة and the متابع which is متابع which is قاصرة شوط نعم وعلى رحمة الله تعالى ثم المقبول إنسلم من المعارضات فهو المحكم وإن عورض بمثله فإن أمكان الجمع فهو مختلف فهو مختلف الحديث أو ثبت المتأخرا فهو الناس هو الآخر المنسوخ وإلا فالترجيح ثم التوقف آه سأعود إلى المقبول والمردود أين نقول المقبول كانت تقديم كيف نقول نقديم كانت تقديم المقبول ماذا كانوا؟ صحيحة the first one was في حالة its levels the levels is what was divided into صحيحة and has some right and what was the other one yeah I didn't say it good write it now this is where it goes into it's in terms of implementing it and not implementing it I'm just writing in terms of implementation بإعتبار بإعتبار العمل به أو عدم العمل به that's what he's going into now are you with me brothers بإعتبار العمل به أو عدم العمل به are you with me brothers are you there brothers and that is divided into two that one is categorized into how much into two معمول به that which you have to implement and the second one is غير معمول به that which you don't have to implement that which you don't implement the ones that you have to implement is called المحكم and the ناسخ you have to implement those المحكم and the ناسخ you implement right and the the second one which is the ones you don't implement are two مختلف الحديث مختلف الحديث and the منصوخ صح the منصوخ are you with me brothers one more time one more time the حديث which is معمول is categorized into two the first one was what in terms of its levels that which we divide into صحيح and حسن صحيح ولي ذاتي حسن ولي ذاتي صحيح ولي غيري حسن ولي غيري then we are now going on to in terms of implementation we divided that into two those which you have to implement and those which you don't implement معمول به and the other one which is غير معمول به right when معمول به we said it is what المحكم and the ناسخ and المحكم and ناسخ and that which you don't implement is known as what مختلف الحديث and منصوخ صح now let's define what it means so the oath is not going to tell us what's محكم which we have to implement and what's so what's the opposite of محكم the opposite of محكم is مختلف الحديث the opposite of ناسخ is منصوخ doesn't make sense محكم means the حديث that we know its meaning and there's no problem there's no opposition of this meaning it's not contradicting itself are you with me are you with me brothers نعم the حديث which is it has an opposition are you with me it has an opposition there's another narration standing in front of you that's opposing it the meaning this is called مختلف الحديث are you there مختلف الحديث by the way means there is a way to reconcile between it we still can bring them together but they're opposing each other there's a معارضة but there's ممكن الجمع we're able to bring them back we're able to bring them together are you there are you with me whereas ناسخ المصوخ is an opposition it's an opposition which we can't bring them together so we reconcile what we're doing is we're taking one over the other are you there is a معارضة between the two حديث we can't call it مختلف الحديث because مختلف الحديث is called when we can this is the tricky part many people confuse مختلف الحديث doesn't mean ناسخ المصوخ there's a difference there's a معارضة these حديث are opposing each other if we can bring them together and make them hold hands and leave then this is called مختلف الحديث at Imam At-Tahawir wrote a book on this and he deals with this a حديث which seems to be contradicting he brings them easily together are you with me whereas if they're contradicting each other and we're unable to reconcile between the two we then take the point which is ناسخ المصوخ the abrogated and the abrogator are you with me brothers if that's even an English word abrogator sounds like a terminator صح the one that's abrogating and the one that's abrogated where we now have to look at time then which one came first are you with me brothers if we can't do that the author then says ثمت نواقف is مختلف الحديث couldn't happen we couldn't bring them together we try ناسخ المصوخ it was a working we even try ترجيح we try to resort to ترجيح which is what عام خاص مطلق مغيّد مجمل مبيّل we tried all of that it didn't work then what do we take leave it to Allah somebody might more knowledgeable than you might come years to come and he might be able to resolve this problem does that make sense does that make sense brothers نفضل we've now وَلِلَّا الْحَمْدُ وَالْمِنَّا وَيْفِنِشْ مَقْبُولِ you've studied مقبول that's it all of مقبول is over we're now going to go to the second type of Hadith in terms of its weak and its strength what was it مردود we're now going to go to مردود today you've finished المقبول حديث which is accepted are you with me brothers now we're going to reject the Hadith so far is it easy the way you explained no huh 50-50 some are like 10 yeah board would be better هيا فضر قال رحمة الله تعالى ثم المردود هما يكون لسافة أو طعن فالصقف ما يكون من مبادئ السند من مصنف أو من آخره بعد التابعي أو غير ذلك فالأول المعلق والثاني المسلم الثالث إذا كان بثنين فصعيد أما مع التواليف هو المعظل وإلا فالمنقطع ثم قد يكون واضحا أو خفيا فالأول يدرب يدرقه بمعدم التلاقي ومن ثم احتيجة إلى التأريخ والثاني المدلس ويريده ويريده بصيغة تحتمل اللغه كعن وقال وكذا المرصة للخافي من معاصل لم يلق الثالث رحمة الله now goes to مردود the rejected hadith now write this down مردود is two types the rejected hadith is two types the first one is بيسابة بيساقطين من السند the second the first reason is as the author mentioned is some disconnection of the narration the hadith is disconnected are you with me brothers and that's two types and that's what two types there is ظاهر apparent one the disconnection is apparent I can see it and it's خفي hidden one it's what it's خفي it's hidden you can't see it are you with me brothers the apparent one which is known as ظاهر is four types the author mentions all four of them for you yeah there how many four types the first one the author mentions it if it's at the beginning of the chain of narration when we say the beginning we mean بخاري's teacher not from the prophet's way from the author's way does that make sense so from the author بخاري doesn't mention his teacher that's the first one and what بخاري is just an example it can be any other nearest caller brothers are you with me what's it called معلق that's the first one معلق means يكون من مبدئ سند it's from the beginning of the chain بخاري doesn't mention his teacher the second one is او من آخينه بعد التابعي are you with me the second one is right at the top اي تابعي اي تابعي I attribute a statement to the prophet عليه الصلاة والسلام now some people do this mistake and it's a very very common mistake I even saw recently on the شلحة بيقونية it's a mistake that many people do which is that they take the statement of البيقوني correct they take it as it is when he says ومرصلهم منه الصحابي ينسقت وقول غريب ما روا روا فقط they say و المرسلهم منه الصحابي ينسقت that's when a companion drops no it's not because if I knew a companion dropped I would have taken the narration because all the companions are reliable to me I don't need to know which companion it is does that make sense it's and the reason I'm not taking it is because there's a possibility it could have narrated from my اتابعي are you with me brothers that's why some scholars they said سعيد من المسيب إرسال it's taken the hadith that سعيد المسيب سعيد المسيب is a tabi'i he never met the messenger عليه الصلاة والسلام if he says that the prophet said scholars they said yeah we'll take it from him because 98% of his teachers were who companions so even if he dropped somebody what was the chances he was who he dropped a companion whereas زوري who is misgari tabi'een he's from the small tabi'een who 98% of them were his تابعين they took from other tabi'een they were like if he dropped somebody else the chances this is what and إمام المشافعين كتاب الرسالة he gave 5 conditions when he would accept the narrations of سعيد المسيب as إرسال as مرسال are you with me brothers I'll accept it and if you gave it 5 conditions scholars generally bring it in their books so pay attention to this mistake it's not right the مرسال is when a tabi'ee says قال رسول الله and we know that so it's the best definition to say is إرسال is مارفعه التابعي that's the best it's whatever a tabi'ee attributes to the prophet because إبهام الصحابي لا يضر الصحابي's ambiguity of not knowing which companion it is doesn't harm me because these the companions are all reliable I don't need to know which companion he dropped if I'm 100% sure he dropped a companion then I would have taken it from him I'm just not sure he did it could be a tabi'ee he dropped and the tabi'ee so I can see his integrity and his are you with me brothers so that's مرسال معضل means when there's a disconnection of two consecutive individuals they're one after the other two they can't be one at the back and one at the front that's not called معضل معضل has to be two people next to each other they have to be right next to each other that's why because he forgot a condition which is متوالياني متوالياني متوالياني is important or else it would be what every معلق and if it happens at the same time then we'll say it's معضل it's not معضل معضل is when two people drop are you with me brothers can it be معضل and it can be معضل at the same time of course it can if بقاري drops his teacher and his teacher's teacher so he's dropped his teacher which is معضل already he dropped two consecutive people is what معضل and the fourth which is the last one is called موقطع موقطع means whenever a hadith is disconnected are you with me so is a مرسل موقطع نعم is a معضل موقطع نعم is a معضل موقطع نعم and is it if it happens one narrator in the middle by itself this now becomes موقطع by itself does that make sense are you there موقطع is a bit more it's all of them and extra are you with me brothers so all of those four that I mention are apparent generally everybody can tell them it's not hard to see that does that make sense especially at the ending نخبط الفكر is going to show us that if you know the life and the birth of every narrator when he died everything is simple the second type which is خفل hidden and the author mentions them too which is the second one the second form of this connection in the narration is خفي يون is hidden and it is what it is what is known as مدلس مدلس means what مدلس is سقط which is خفي this connection here is hidden it's hidden and مدلس means a person who took from somebody like for example I'll take this as a prime example yesterday I gave a sitting here and I narrated حديث فيسل wasn't here but is he here today did he meet me has he been with me نعم he now says عبد الرحمن said yesterday he won't say I heard it from him but he said he said yesterday what would you think that he heard it from me he will use what عن but he has met me he has met me he has met me this is called تدلس you can't really tell this is a disconnection hard it's hidden right because he didn't meet me there is no disconnection you can see but there is because he wasn't here yesterday are you with me he has dropped somebody who he heard it from مرسل on the other hand is the same but the only difference between مرسل is what he never met me in my life but we lived at the same time as a معاصرة لكن لم يلقى that's مرسل مرسل خفي مرسل خفي is different from the مرسل that we took before مرسل خفي means as a معاصرة they both resided at the same time but they never met each other صح like for example some of you guys I have not met شيخ صالح say me right are you with me could you have met him yeah so you heard something from شيخ صالح عصيمي from شيخ ياسيل then what do you do you drop ياسيل and you say عصيمي he said could you have met شيخ عصيمي نعم did you live at the same time as him you did but you just a معاصرة you just resided at the same time as him but you don't really meet him this is called مرسل خفي it's also hard to tell does that make sense brothers are you with me brothers that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the that's what the خفي هو ... خفي هو بسيطة when a person who met a person like Faisal met me but wasn't there for that day yesterday when I was narrating the hadith he wasn't there he met me, we've spent time together, we know each other but he never met me yesterday so he can't claim he heard this hadith from me so what he would do is he doesn't like the idea of having to narrate this hadith from younes he doesn't like it because it's going to be long it's short on his narration so he would drop younes out it's an example okay and younes is very weak younes is like before I ever said that he's like he dropped younes out because the memory and the understanding of younes is weak that's why he's doing it so he doesn't ... he wants to make you ... so what he does is that he won't lie if he lies then he's a cadab so he becomes a liar but he just as Abdul-Hman said and I did say it but not to you to younes but I'll trick you guys he doesn't take the least the least is to beautify the narration he'll say but he met me is a person who's in America who's never met me but he lived at the same time as me he hears this narration from younes he's never met me we did live at the same time he heard it from younes instead of ... instead of me and he says ... Abdul-Hman said now it's hard to tell because he could have any time of the day or in a year he could have traveled to come to me it's hard to tell because it's the same time we resided now no let's do it let's do it this one no no no this is a different Mursal Mursal is ... is not to do with the Mursal which is ... is a type of Tidees now is a type of Tidees now we're going to come to that beautiful this is ... and the ... we're going to come to it and the ... and the ... which one ... Mursal yeah that's the regular one which is the ... the Zahir Mursal is got to do with the ... that's when it's ... when you hear the word ... when we hear ... Mursal Khafi Mursal Khafi is not the Mursal that you knew Mursal Khafi is ... Tidees a form of Tidees are you with me the only difference between the ... Tidees and the Mursal Khafi is the ... just one mate and the other one didn't meet are you with me brothers nothing to do with Sahabi or Tidee Chris so clear the mate so the Mursal ... the Tidees Tidees there is Luqi he clearly mentions it here he says it look ... he says ... المدلس ويريد بسيغة تحتبل اللقي كعن وقالة he would use ... words that he had this from this person وكد المرسل من معاصر لم يلقى the difference is معاصر pay attention the ... the one who just done the Tidees he met me but not this narration he never took it from me but he met me means he have spent time together he just wasn't there that day when I was narrating the hadith he's called the مدلس and then what he does is that he attributes that narration to me directly when he wasn't there that day he never heard it from me مرسل on the other hand he is the same as that تدليس which is that they both attribute it to me something which I never heard from me the only difference is that the مدلس met me and the Mursal Khafi never ever met me but he resided at the same time as me we lived at the same era we lived at the same time he could have met me but the land was distance or whatever maybe the reason are you with me does that make more sense now has nothing to do with صحابي تابعي he never narrate anything from me never met me he could have met me he could have met me if he wanted to he has the ability I saw another definition he said that and he could have met me you could have met him but it's not proven that he narrated from it could have met him yeah yeah it's true there's nothing showing that he narrated from it exactly what I'm saying you have to mind my English this is how the way I do things I'm reading it from Arabic all of it I'm reading it from Arabic I'm translating it on the spot I'm making up some English words as I go along if it sounds right I'll say if it doesn't ها يفضل ها يفضل ولا يجوز تعمد تغيير ولا يجوز تعمد تغيير المتل بنقب النفس والمرادش إلا لعالم بما يحيل المعانين فإن خفية المعن احتاج إلى شرح الغريب وبيان المشكل ثم الجهالة وسببها أن أرار يقدر تكثور نمعوته فيوتر بغير مشتهر به لعقل رض وصنفوا فيه فيه الموضح وصنفوا فيه الموضح وقد يكون مقل فلا يكثر الأقض عنه وفيه الوحدان أو لا يسمى اختصار وفيه المبهمات ولا يقبل المبهم ولا أبهما بلافظ التعديل على الأصح فإن سمية وانفرد واحد عنه فمجهول للأين أو إثنان فصاعدا ولم يوثق فمجهول الحال وهو المستور ثم البدعت إما بمكفر أو بمفسق فالأول لا يقبل صاحب صاحبها الجمهور والثاني يقبل من لم يكن داعية في الأصح إلا إروا ما يقوي بدعته فيرد على المختار وبه صرح الجوز وبه صرح الجوز جاني شيخ النسائي ثم سوء الحفظ إن كان حفظ بمعتبد وكذا المستور والمرسل والمدل الصار حديثهم حسن اللال ذاتي بل بالمجموع now the author رحمه الله now the author رحمه الله he goes into the second type of rejected narrations how many times did we say the rejected narrations were two what was the first one the chain of narration is disconnected now we're going to what is yeah أبطعن أبطعن أبطعن في الراوي criticism towards the narrator you author mentioned it before remember which is that the narrator is criticized we're going to criticize the narrator and the criticism of the narrator is two types the first one is criticism in his عدالة criticism in his عدالة and the second one is criticism in his عدالة his precision and memory each one has five that comes under it all together it makes ten each one there are five that come under it so there are five under عدالة and there are five under عدالة are you with me brothers the author mentions all ten he doesn't break it down like this he mentions it but he doesn't put it under which of the five it is but we're going to so the five are I'm going to mention them define them the order is not good in his book we've we've ordered it around correctly so each one you can put under which party he means so let's go to the first of the two that a narrator is criticized for what is it he said عدالة his integrity right what's the first thing I said five right right number one عدالة he's a liar كديب is a liar that narration is called what معبور take the ruling with it straight away so he's got كديب in him the حكم of that حديث is what معبور we're going to come to that when he does تصريح السبع that he clearly states that he heard it we're going to come to that all the طرق تحمل how to take it I'm giving a bite size as it comes we go back to what we left before mention it again it's right at the end إن شاء الله but you're good ما شاء الله you're a liar and you've realized the first one is الكديب the حديث is called what معبور معبور fabricated fabricated narration what do you do والكديب المختلق المصنوع على النبي فدالك معبور rejected fabricated narration made up this person is a liar او تهمت بالكديب which is the second this is all his integrity the second one is اتُهمت بالكديب تُهمت تُهمت means suspicion why would they suspect somebody how could they suspect a Muslim so the scholars they say the way to understand the barbid for تُهمت بالكديب is that تُهمت بالكديب is two things is when two things are found ايض خرق كديبه في حديث الناس ان يظهر كذبه في حديث الناس when he talks to the people he is lying all day but he doesn't lie about the prophet yet no one's got that on him when he talks to the people he lies the second one is الا يُروا دالك الحديث الا يُروا دالك الحديث that this narration is not narrated اللذي حدث به in which he has narrated إلا من جلهته except from him that's not enough like him ويكون مخالفا ويكون ويكون مخالفا قواعد الشرع it goes against the principles of the Sharia no one's ever narrated حديث except him and then it goes against what the قواعد of the Sharia this man is suspected بيلا الله he's too much بالكديب his hadith is called what what would we do to his hadith متروك the one who is متهم بالكديب متروك his narration is what's the third one the third one is فهش sorry فسق فسق the third one is فسق he's a fasq the third one is ترتيب you have to change it I said the reason is because he goes into بابط we haven't finished عدال yet so the third one is فسق he's a fasq his hadith becomes مونقر فاسق is a person who comes with major sins everyone does minor sins that's nothing I mean when I say it's nothing I don't mean do minor sins I hope you don't take it like that what I mean is that we can't we're not looking for no one's infallible to us other than the Prophet عليه الصلاة والسلام they're with me brothers so what we're demanding from that person is that they don't come with what's the evidence that فسق means major sins didn't Allah say in the ayah وَكَرَّحَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْكُفْرَةَ والفُسُوقَة والأسيان كفر ويانستري فالسوق is what والأسيان is what minor sins so فسق here means فسق here means major sins he's a person who comes with zina or warna this individual's hadith becomes مونقر his hadith becomes مونقر then we've got fourth which is بيدع بيدع is عدالة are you with me brothers the fourth one is what بيدع he's an innovator he's a what he's an innovator if you look at his كتاب he mentions that the بيدع the مبتدع he says that his narration is accepted with conditions صح it's accepted with conditions إلا he says it here يقبال يقبال من لم يكن داعية في الأصح إلا أن روى ما يقوي بداعته فيورد على المختار وبهي صرح الجوز جاني الشيخ النسائي if the innovators narration is accepted when two conditions are present the first one is by the way the بيدع has to be بيدع مفسقة not بيدع مكفرة it can't be a بيدع which is كفر it has to be بيدع مفسقة بيدع فسق now the fisk is not the one we just mentioned major sin because كبيرة is بيدع is actually bigger than the كبيرة are you with me brothers the first one is the first condition is ألا يكون داعيا إلا بيدعاته this person should not be a person who calls to his innovation he's an innovator he hides it he doesn't tell people about it so the scholars divide between who calls to his innovation and who hides his بيدع he does it behind closed doors he celebrates his prophet's birthday in his house he doesn't tell anybody to do it he doesn't go out and do it in public he just got his little thing going on in his house yeah that's غير داعي لبيدعتي he's not a caller to his بيدع and no one it's not anyone's job to investigate on him the second one is the second condition so that he can't be a caller to his بيدع the second one is this narration which he is narrating should also not be a narration that supports his belief so if he's got تشير if he's got تشير it can't be a narration that talks about فضائله علي the virtues of علي or if he's a خارجي مثلا it can't be any narration pertaining to what against علي are you with me? or anything to do with كباير مجسس are you with me brothers? this is something that strengthens his belief so he's going to even if he might be or not be a liar but it may the fifth and the last one for the criticism of the narrator in terms of his integrity عدالة is الجهالة he's unknown are you with me brothers? he's what? he's مجول and ابن حجر رحمة الله he mentioned three causes that bring about جهالة of a narrator ابن حجر he mentions three things that bring about جهالة regarding a narrator the first one is كثرة نعوط الروي there's so many different descriptions this narrator is being given different attributes are being given to him okay and the person who's doing that is doing it مبابي تدليس remember شيخ تولدش شيخ فيسل الأصلا are you with me my name is عبد رحمان حسن people know me as عبد رحمان حسن but you go to the people and you say عبد رحمان روبل and that's my ancestor's name so you say عبد رحمان روبل I have to make it to English روبل sound very fresh روبل is not in English somebody once said to me that's a white guy's name or it's it's an English name it's not I think my grandad was born on a rainy day so they just named him after that the problem is it's a rainy day so somebody calls me by that name or they say عبو سلمة which is my oldest daughter's name all of that you're changing all of them are who I am but you're doing that تدليس and to fool the people so it looks like you've got so many different شيخ تولدش تدليس are you with me that makes it hard for people to know who this narrator is it becomes hard are you with me ولذلك محمد من يحي هدوهلي did that when he came to Imam al-Bukhari after the issue of the conflict of the Qur'an being مخلوق remember محمد من يحي هدوهلي was an Imam but something happened between him and Imam al-Bukhari a little conflict so he narrated a hadith from him and when he did he didn't want people to know now he still narrates from him or he took that particular hadith from him and he doesn't want to attribute it to him so he changed his name he said محمد أبو سماعيله محمد أبراهيم something like that he changed the name from Bukhari which is very well known for some scholars became hard for them to know who this person was are you with me he was doing it because he just didn't want to narrate he needed the narration Bukhari is reliable he needs the narration but he doesn't want to mention his name so that's one way half of the Hadr mentions the second is this person has little narrations and this is what the scholars talked about in the chapters of known as الوحدان مسلم wrote a book on this الوحدان if you see a book called الوحدان it means this person has got one or two teachers are you with me he's got very little narrators or he took knowledge from very little there's this rare in his narrations it's called الوحدان that's the second reason why somebody may not be known the last but not least is the scholars name تركوا تسمية الراوي اختصارا the name of the narrator is summarized from what his lengthy name was summarized so it becomes very hard this is the books of الموبهمات they talk about that so the first one the first one when the person had too many descriptions if you want to learn more about it you can look into the chapters of الموضح and the second one is الوحدان and the third one is الموبهمات are you with me brothers then half of them حجر mentions that the matchool is two types the matchool is what two types the first one is موبهم a person who's unknown he's unknown and he's ambiguous in terms of praise or criticism are you there brothers so he's ambiguous and he's unknown so it's two types for example a person who's موبهم from any types of تعديل so for example somebody says ثقة is what it's a حكوم he's got a ruling placed on him but he's still not known who is he so somebody says اخبارني ثقة a reliable person told me we know he's reliable but who is he are you there that's a جهالة but that جهالة is called موبهم على التعديل the second one is called موبهم دون التعديل this person is ambiguous and there's no praise a man told me عال رجولين he's unknown none of those two do we accept tell us your ruling we might differ with it when you tell us who he is صح tell us who he is none of those two are accepted the second one is المجهول المعيين a specific person is unknown specific person and two fall under that the half of محاجر mentions it one is known as مجهول العين and مجهول الحال مجهول العين and مجهول الحال are you with me مجهول العين means what مجهول العين means this person he himself is not known مجهول الحال means he's he's known but his situation is not known it's also known when you say مستورة as half of محاجر mentioned it's also called what it's also called مستور و now we've finished طعن الراوي and we'll take another إن شاء الله و تعالى 5-10-15 15 minutes break again and we'll come back again إن شاء الله و تعالى