 Namaste. I am Dr. A. Sharda here. Namaste. I am Dr. Priya Chinappa. We are both from the Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes from Manipal Hospital, Millers Road. So, you know, that's how the liver patients are managed. Now, frequently, you know, we hear about kidney disease in diabetes. Can you tell us if kidney disease is diagnosed only with a high creatinine or can they have kidney disease with normal creatinine? That's a very interesting question because diabetic patients tend to have kidney problems, especially if they have had uncontrolled diabetes and long-term diabetes and there is a genetic that is the family history of diabetes with kidney disease in the family. That's called diabetic kidney disease in the family. Like Dr. Priya just asked me, we can have kidney problem in patients with diabetes with normal creatinine. So, and this can be easily diagnosed by doing a routine urine examination and looking at the protein leak. So, if this protein leak is, in fact, the first indication of kidney problem in a diabetic. And fortunately, we are now having proven benefits of glucose-lovering medications like SGLT2 inhibitors, which can reverse the protein leak and also stop the progression to further development of diabetic kidney disease and kidney failure leading to increase in creatinine. Many of my patients are actually having good proteinuria has been reversed or minimized and they are able to postpone the increase in the creatinine for many, many years. That's very good. So, early detection and monitoring for the proteinuria is important. Now, how do we manage the diabetes once the creatinine goes up? Okay. In the beginning, like I said, with only proteinuria, SGLT2 inhibitors are extremely good and the drug called metformin can also be safely used. But when the creatinine is a little up, they develop what is called mild to moderate liver failure. In that case, we can still use the SGLT2 inhibitors till the creatinine is manageable, 1.4, 1.5 with a GFR of around 45 for some and 30 for some of the molecules. And the GLP1 analogs are also indicated up to a mild to moderate kidney problem only if the creatinine has increased to a stage of dialysis or the GFR is less than 30 to 15, then we need to use only insulin. Otherwise, like in the liver disease initially, we can use certain medications in people with diabetic kidney disease. In fact, it is beneficial for the kidney outcomes. So, like in end-stage liver disease, end-stage renal disease, you need to go on insulin but till such time, there are a lot of medications and they can actually benefit, isn't it?