 This is another section of the neck. This time, we are going to focus on the branches of the cervical plexus. In order to see the cervical plexus, we have removed completely the sternocular mastoid from the lateral cervical region. The cervical plexus is located partly in the lateral cervical region and partly in the anterior cervical region. We are going to focus more on the lateral cervical region. But I will tell you what is there in the anterior cervical region. We have also reflected the clavicle. We have disarticulated it from the sternoclavicular joint and we have removed it here. And we can see a remnant of the subclavius muscle here on one side and the other side, which we have cut and we have reflected. The subclavius muscle was under the clavicle in order to show the contents much more clearly. So therefore, this has given us a wide exposure. Cervical plexus is C1234. All of them form two loops, a primary loop and a secondary loop. The primary loop is in the lateral cervical region. The terminal portion of these nerves, these are all cutaneous nerves. They all pierce through the superficial fascia. They pierce through the platysma and they supply the structures in the superficial region. So those have been removed. We can see only the beginning, the roots of these nerves. So now that we have exposed the cervical plexus, let us first identify the roots of the cervical plexus. We can see the first root here. This is C2. The next root that we can see here, this is C3, which I picked up here. The next root that we can see here, this is C4. There is a C1 root higher. So these are the roots of the cervical plexus. The roots of C1234, they all make loops, which are referred as primary loops. And arising from the primary loops of the cervical plexus, we have the following branches. We have the great auricular. So let's take out the nerve. Only the proximal portion of the nerves are visible because the distal portion of the nerves have been cut because they were all superficial and they were in the superficial fascia. So we have the great auricular. The next nerve that we have is the lesser occipital. The great auricular goes in front of the ear. The lesser occipital goes behind the ear. Great auricular also supplies the pina. Lesser occipital goes behind the pina. Both of them are C23. Great auricular, lesser occipital. Then we have these nerve fibers. This is the supra-clavicular. The supra-clavicular is C34. And as it descends down in front of the clavicle, it divides into a medial, an intermediate, and a lateral branch, part of which can be seen here. So these are the supra-clavicular nerves, C34. There is yet one more nerve which goes across and goes to the anterior cervical region, and that is known as the transverse cervical nerve, which is also C23. So these are the four important sensory nerves which come out from the cervical plexus from the primary loops. On the anterior cervical region, there are secondary loops which form what is known as the anterior cervicalis. Therefore, we have not exposed that right now here. So these are the structures, the roots of the cervical plexus that we can see here. Now let me show you yet one more nerve of the cervical plexus. We can see another nerve coming down here and it is running in front of the scaliness anterior muscle. This nerve which I have lifted up here and we can see the other end of this nerve here. This runs in front of the scaliness anterior muscle and this nerve is the phrenic nerve. This is C345. This is motor to the diaphragm and it also carries sensation from the middle of the diaphragm. Irritation of the phrenic nerve in the diaphragm can cause referred pain to the shoulder by virtue of its same root value as the supraclavicular nerve which is C34 and we can see it here. And we can see that they're all arising from the same region of the cervical plexus. Now to the cervical plexus, I want to mention an important clinical correlation. For that, I have put back the sternocleidomastoid in its normal position and I put back the clavicle in its normal position. We can see clearly that all the branches of the cervical plexus, C234, and all these are emerging from behind the posterior part of the sternocleomastoid. And I have spread them out a little bit just for the ease of showing but actually they are highly bunched up. This region of the posterior part of the sternocleomastoid where my instrument is pointing where all the nerves are bunched up, this region is referred to as the nerve point. This is an important area for giving anesthesia, local anesthesia and by so doing once we give local anesthesia in this region we anesthetize many nerves. We anesthetize the great auricular nerve, the lesser occipital nerve, the transverse cervical nerve and we can even anesthetize the supraclavicular nerve. So a huge wide area can be anesthetized. So what is the location of this so-called nerve point? There are two ways of identifying this nerve point. One is to take the midpoint of the posterior part of the sternocleomastoid. The sternocleomastoid extends from the clavicle and it ends in the mastoid. So take the midpoint of that, so that is one location. The other way of doing it is to take a vertical line from the mastoid process and drop it straight down to the clavicle. And the midpoint of that line also matches the nerve point. So this is where my finger is pointing. This is the nerve point for giving anesthesia to anesthetize a wide area. And the nerves which are anesthetized by injecting in the nerve point are to repeat the great auricular nerve, lesser occipital nerve, C2-3, the transverse cervical nerve and the supraclavicular nerves. So this is the nerve point. So these are the structures of the cervical plexus that we can see in this dissection. Thank you very much for watching. If you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out. Have a nice day.