 Good morning everybody and welcome to our probably over 80th annual Langdon Research Extension Center annual field day and of course we do this in conjunction with the Northern Canola Growers Association and we appreciate that partnership and of course this year with the pandemic issue we're choosing a different format to deliver field days to this year and typically what we would do is we'd recruit about 10 to 15 speakers brought into the field and each speaker would speak about 15 minutes we'd allow a little bit of time for questions and then move on to the next stop and typically that was about a four to five hour field day but today we still have the 10 to 14 speakers that recorded videos and the format's gonna be a little bit different because I guess in video it etiquette we don't want our videos to go much more than five minutes or we lose the attention of the audience so our speakers have put together some videos that run anywhere from three to six minutes and if you add up all those videos we should be here about an hour to an hour and a half so it will be a little bit of a scale down field day compared to if we were able to do it face-to-face but nevertheless the NDSU knows how important it is to get the information out to our growers and therefore we put together this virtual field day for you and just let me explain how this is gonna work we've got several speakers with their videos and I'm going to introduce each video prior to the video being played and we have two options to be able to interact with the speaker first of all you can click the chat box and type in your question in the chat box anytime you feel you'd like to ask a question or at the end of the video you can unmute yourself and ask a question verbally so that's kind of the format that we're going to be following and so I think what we'll do is I think we'll start out we've got three introductory videos we've got NDSU president Dr. Grishani and we've got Dr. Grape Lardi who is the director of the Extension Service director of the egg experiment station and also Dean of the College of Egg and Food Systems and Natural Resources will be giving a short welcome video along with Barry Coleman the executive director of the Northern Canola Growers Association so I think what we'll do right now is we'll play the three welcome videos and I don't anticipate too many questions from them but we do have several speakers that are being showcased today that are on this call so if you have any questions feel free to ask and hopefully we'll be able to answer those questions for you if we can't we certainly will find the answers and follow up for you so why don't we start with a welcome from Dr. President or Dr. Grishani president of NDSU Randy Dr. Lardi would like to say a few words live before we play the videos so that thank you for chiming in and Dr. Lardi welcome and we're happy to have you here and go ahead and give us your spiel there well Randy Randy good morning and thanks to everyone for joining us here at the Langdon Virtual Field Day I want to start out just by thanking all of our staff at the at the research center and county extension staff that's on the line you know the last several months with the pandemic have been quite challenging and we've asked our staff to make numerous adjustments in terms of how they do business and conduct their research programs how they conduct extension programming and they've just performed so admirably through this whole pandemic and so we're very thankful for all of the things that they've been able to do and the adjustments that they've made in delivering continuing to deliver very high quality programs so Randy shout out to you and your staff here at Langdon for putting this together this morning also want to thank our advisory board members that are on the line today thank them for their service and the work that they're doing to help guide the activities at Langdon and the research and extension programs that go on there and also want to give a thank you to the support that we've had from our legislators for the various programs in our agencies that we really depend on their support to appropriate money so we can continue to carry out the excellent work that that's being conducted and so on behalf of my office and all of our administrative staff here Randy want to welcome everyone to your field day and and I'm going to jump off here in just a couple minutes and get on a COVID related call with another group but just wanted to join you for a few minutes here this morning live and and say thank you to the staff and and I just give a shout out to all the efforts that they've made to make adjustments here over the last several months it's been challenging times but we're coming through it in an admirable fashion so Randy with that I'll turn it back over to Naeem message well received thank you Dr. learning and I think I know we'll go ahead and play the three welcome videos thank you well welcome to field days 2020 now admittedly I'm not at field days and you may not be either but we are here in the agricultural plots to the west of the agricultural research greenhouse facility obviously hard at work for you what we do at NDSU is measured by one simple thing your success and we want you to be as successful as possible because the state needs you to be successful as possible you are a state's tradition you are state's history you are the basis of our state's economy and that's what NDSU is about helping you be successful so that our state is successful and all the citizens we serve thrive as a result thanks for everything you do I'm sorry I'm not there but obviously the Fargo area is one of the still hot beds for the virus and we didn't want to put you at risk by people from Fargo coming to you so we're doing the next best thing thanks a lot go bison good morning everyone my name is Greg Lardi and I'm currently serving as vice president for agricultural affairs here at NDSU on behalf of all of our faculty staff and scientists throughout our entire system I want to welcome you to the 2020 field days with the pandemic we've had to pivot and create these virtual field days as many of you have in your production schemes as well we certainly want to thank you for your patience as we've developed these programs I'm standing here in a field north of 19th Avenue in Fargo and in the background you can see our new veterinary diagnostic laboratory we want to give a special thank you to our North Dakota legislature for their support of all of our ag research and extension projects that they funded throughout the past couple of bienniums we're certainly proud of the agricultural heritage that we have I want to give a special thank you to all of our faculty staff and scientists who've worked hard through the pandemic to continue to deliver top quality research and extension programs to our constituents these virtual field days will give you a chance to connect to a variety of different research projects that are going on across our system we're proud of the local research that our research extension center network does and the connections that they have to our main campus scientists on behalf of all of our faculty and staff welcome to the 2020 field days and on behalf of everyone thank you for attending hi this is Barry Coleman at the Northern Canola Gores Association thank you for attending this year's tour the Northern Canola Gores Association has a proud representation of board members from across the state who work hard representing the industry we allocate over $300,000 in annual research funding to strengthen the Canola crop in this region much of the research focus has been on disease identification and control insect management hybrid development specific to our growing region finding new uses for Canola oil and improving management and stand establishment now the past few years have been challenging for agriculture due to the low prices for commodities we had the market facilitation program for two years which is now been replaced by the coronavirus food assistance program or a CFAP and the Canola industry is fortunate in this regard as Canola has been included in this program unlike the USDA shutout of our crop as well as many other crops from the market facilitation program from prior years we're providing input to Senator Hoven on the continued need for assistance and the way price supports for the 2020 crop year the CFAP announced in May of this year did provide over 17 million dollars to the Canola industry now this came out to about $9 an acre and while those in agriculture are certainly appreciative of this support for for agriculture at this time it's far short of what is needed for the problem of low prices this year this is based off of the USDA calculating the drop in Canola price from January to April of this year and then applying a reduction factor on that when determining how much money would be allocated to growers the egg industry has been told to the reason for the reduction of the funds was that USDA was limited by the funds that had available in the CCC therefore the amounts need to be reduced this points the need for more assistance from the USDA and Senator Hoven's office has indicated they do indeed intend to provide more assistance we should be hearing more in the next few weeks from the Senate on in this regard and the NCJ will continue to provide any information needed to ensure that canola gets its fair share of assistance from any future programs now in addition to the CFAP program the NCJ predicts that canola PLC payments for this year will reach the highest levels ever total payments will likely exceed 90 million dollars for the canola industry now North Dakota has 1.35 million base acres of canola in the program which represents about 95% of the total canola base acres in the country average payments for these base acres is roughly $74 an acre and we work closely many years ago with the US Canola Association and other canola growers from other states to ensure that canola was included in this important price support program and it continues to provide needed financial support to canola growers in a decoupled manner so our working with other allies and other canola doors and other reasons of the country certainly paid dividends in that regard to this program now some other issues that the NCJ has been working on are getting canola eligible for inclusion and renewable diesel back when the biodiesel program was started over a decade ago it was found that canola met the life cycle analysis for biodiesel but not the higher threshold that was in place at the time for renewable diesel now at the time there was no company in the US even contemplating renewable diesel production there was nothing in the works much less our deep production using canola oil so at the time it was decided to go ahead with the analysis that had been looked at by the EPA and just have canola approved for biodiesel use now that you know EPA assured us that they would would likely okay it in time but they haven't so now there's an ongoing shift in the biofuels market towards more renewable diesel production production of our renewable diesel has been up more than 46% in the last year alone so we've asked the EPA to complete its assessment that they've had on their desk for the last decade and complete that analysis which we believe will show that canola oil meets the higher threshold to be included as an eligible feedstock for renewable diesel production now this would allow a local source of renewable diesel production in North Dakota the plant in South Hart for instance to be able to add canola oil to its list of eligible commodities that could be used and this would fit well with our target objective of finding new uses for canola oil finally we hope by this winter that things will return to normal when we plan on having our 23rd annual canola expo in Langdon on Tuesday December 8th and as always we encourage growers who want to become members of the association to just log on to our website at northern canola.com where you can click on a website link to become a member of the association we look forward to seeing you at our canola expo in Langdon on Tuesday December 8th thank you hey thank you President Brasheye or Dr. Lardy and Barry Coleman for those welcomes and I do want to just add that we do really treasure that relationship with the Northern Canola Growers Association we've worked hand in hand together for many for decades and now we really appreciate that relationship and so with that let's get into the meat of the program here we've got about 10 videos that we'd like to share with you that address different issues regarding agriculture and what we're going to start out with is our platypologist here at Langdon Dr. Venkat Chappara will be giving an update on the 2020 canola canola disease update so let's hear from Venkat hello all I'm Venkat Chappara plant pathologist here in Langdon Research Experiment Station I'm here for the past five years I work on a lot of diseases but today a lot of diseases and a lot of crops but today I will be updating you guys on Duke the research has been done on canola diseases to list we have three prominent diseases in North Dakota on canola causing losses one black leg second white mold followed by in a small path part of the state we have club root even though it is very minor in our area in in North Dakota when you come to our area in North is North Dakota it's a big thing so I'll be updating the research which we did over the years or last year on all three diseases coming to black leg you know it is caused by a fungus and it has been a lot of research has been done by the NDSU pathologist over here and we have a lot of information on it for for you guys to remember that every year when you choose your variety pick black leg resistant varieties based on the pathogenicity groups you have in your area also remember to follow longer crop rotations and rotate the varieties with different pathogenicity groups that are available in canola crop the second disease which I wanted to focus is white mold it is common in our area every year and we have in NDSU very good forecasting system follow that it's a weekly update it is published in crop crop and pest report every week follow the guidelines and see whether you are here or your canola crop is susceptible to this disease and don't forget at 20 percent of flowering we need one fungicide application there are quite a few fungicides available to manage this disease to to one if you guys wanted to know we have been producing this annual reports every year you can check what are the latest chemicals and how they are faring and also you can check NDSU fungicide drag field crop fungicide drag guide for the appropriate chemical and the dosages etc and the final and the last disease I'm going to talk about is club root club root has been identified in North Dakota in the year 2013 since then it has been a regular citation in our canola fields over the years over the past five years we have been surveying and every year it has been a common occurrence in canola in this part of the North Dakota over the out of out of all the years we surveyed 2018 we had a very very large impact of club root in our area out of 100 fields with we surveyed 33 fields were infected with club root so we wanted to take immediate measures and there were a lot of educational programs has been and by 2019 we found only four fields in our county out of the 50 fields we scouted good thing that everybody is opting for a resistant variety which is readily available to our growers but there are very few varieties available we don't have an option like what we have in black leg there are number of varieties you can rotate the varieties here with club root we have only very few varieties the rotation of the varieties may not work but along with that you should practice other practices too if you have club root in your field follow sanitization of your equipment follow longer crop rotations that is one canola crop in three years then use resistant varieties if you have the history of club root in your field the varieties we have listed in our website and in the annual reports which are available to the growers we are trying to keep track of the pathotypes in our area this is the table you will be finding in the reference section where we have very primitive pathotypes which have been observed in our area so all the resistant varieties which are available can control the pathotypes which are prevalent in our area we are doing more studies on the pathotype and its prevalence hopefully we can get I can get a very valuable data by next year keep fingers crossed and good luck for you guys for this cropping season thank you for watching okay thank you Dr. Chapara now again I just would like to remind everybody that if you have a question you can either use the chat box or if you'd like to unmute yourself and ask a question we can address that hello all thank you for watching my talk and I have a I'm ready to accept any questions if you guys have the thing I wanted to know is like that inform you guys one more thing is that we are doing statewide soil samples collections we are we wanted to see how how long the club route has spread from our county to different counties so for that I all I need is half a pound to pound sample from your field there is a brochure we have on website so follow the guidelines and send me the samples we will be good we can manage this disease lot better than other countries have done any other questions yeah I guess I do have one question Venkat could you just really briefly we're getting into our peak flowering now with canola and it's going to start with cheering could you just give our participants a little idea of what to look for or how to identify it visually yeah that's a good thing Randy that Randy himself has observed a huge patches on one of the canola field right close to research center and we had the history of club route in that field so if you guys any have seen any patches huge patches dead patches in your canola crop please inform us I'll be our crew will be coming and collecting soil samples to diagnose and you know if you have club route and we can come up with what is the pH in your soil what is the pathotype in your soil and how much of sports load is in your field so that means by that if you have high sport load we would recommend longer crop rotations if you have lesser sport load we can lessen the crop rotation length like you know if you do one crop in three years that will be enough and be sure that every year after you're in a standard length of rotation go for club route resistant variety all right thank you Venkat any other questions if not let's move into our next video which is our Langdon Research Extension Center Station Research Agronomist Brian Hansen is going to be talking about a soybean what is a soybean seeding date study and let's go play that one hi i'm Brian Hansen i'm the research agronomist here at the Langdon Research Extension Center and today my topic is seeding date and cult of our influence on soybean performance here northeast north dakota now choosing the right combination of seeding date maturity group is very important decision to producers and especially here in northeastern north dakota soybean production hasn't really been around our area for very long in 2011 there was about 86 thousand acres and in 2017 there was about 217 or 417 thousand acres so we're along the northern border so as the growing season has been lengthening over the years and we've had more adapted varieties that we can plant up here the soybean acres has increased now soybean maturity is really caused there's day length affects it and also growing degree days and up here along the northern border growing degree days we're about five to seven hundred fewer growing corn growing degree days which soybeans are based on compared to the southeast part of the state so choosing the right variety the right maturity is very important to producers up in this area so the study that we conducted and it was sponsored by the soybean consul of north dakota is uh was really initiated back in june of 2017 and the idea came to us we had a hail storm just east aligned in here it took out um very large swath of of soybeans that got hailed out totally on june 9th june 10th is the final planting date and so at that time the rma was saying hey you have to replant these soybean days up to 25 days after the june 10th date so that's july 5th which is very impractical for this part of the state so i was getting a lot of calls from insurance people saying hey do you have any hard data on and soybean planting date maturities and we didn't have any for this region there's a lot of uh data for central and southeastern north dakota but that is not adapted to our region and up in this part of the area we plant soybeans that are earliest maturing to start with is 00.5 to 00.1 generally but if you go down to south down to the south of fargo they plant 0.4 0.5 so if they had a hail event on june 9th they could pick some of these early varieties we're up here in the north we're already growing early varieties so the methods we used um we picked uh five seeding dates starting about um may 15th all the way up to towards the end of june seven to ten days whenever we could get in the field and for soybeans we maturity groups we picked the 00.5 it's one of the earliest 00.9 and 0.1 so if we look at the graph to some of the data we have from 2018 on may 15th our first date the 00.9 and 0.1 had the highest yields about six bushel better than the 00.5 well we went to the may 24th date we saw similar results only not quite as much yield difference the yielded about four bushel better the later maturing varieties however as we got into june we saw that the variety 00.9 had the highest yields and actually the earliest variety and the latest variety had uh yields that were not significant from one another and at the june 14th date the earliest variety had the highest yield so if we look at the varieties um from the may 15th the june 14th the 00.5 only dropped about 25 percent with a 00.9 maturity group and 00. or 0.1 dropped 39 percent so you see the later maturing varieties have the highest yields early on but as we get into june and the shorter time frame um the yields drop off quite significantly and on the june 24th date that year we planted none of the varieties matured we had our first freeze on september 29th this past year in 2019 well it was quite a year in north dakota and we had again planted this trial and harvested the first and second date and again that it was similar results the later maturing varieties did better compared to the early ones in the first and second date but the last three dates we got a snowstorm up here we had about 20 inches of snow uh the snow was above the soybeans and uh when it melted it dragged all the soybeans to the ground and it basically made harvestable unattainable so we didn't get any results last year but we did the plant the trial again this year and we should have hopefully results if the weather treats its right so that's the information i had on soybean seeding date and what maturity group the plant on which date so thank you very much okay thank you brian uh good information uh farmers will appreciate the end of this project and hopefully it'll help them out in their operations any questions for brian yeah we got the trials looking good this year um well it was looking good last year too but hopefully we'll get some better results at the end and obviously from the late spring we had there was a lot of fields that were planted late and you drive around the countryside there's a lot of soybeans that are not very far along yet so we'll see how it goes this year so is there any questions on on the trial uh hello brian this is sir i got the northern karnayan uh i have a question uh do you face this idc problem iron deficiency chlorosis problem um yeah in certain areas uh in our region we have it um it's uh more so in the valley and it's not as um prevalent where we have a flat land in the valley or ph is a little a little bit lower up here than we have in the valley but uh there are certain areas um that we do see that here in the northeast part of the state okay thanks okay well thank you brian uh let's move along then um our next speaker uh is the land and research extension center soil health specialist naim kawar and uh he is going to talk about some salt tolerant crops in north dakota barley notes are the two most salt tolerant annual crops producers can successfully plant on saline sodic areas in north dakota they will establish their other annual crops like canola or soybeans will not do well also one of the worst things we could do to these saline sodic areas is to plant a crop that will not do well there planting crops on saline sodic areas that are not salt tolerant will not only result in loss of revenue but it will also make the salinity and sodicity issues worse in some cases that may also lead to heavy wheat pressure access water soluble salts compete with plant roots for water whereas sodicity results in poor soil structure here at the langdon re c we have a saline sodic gradient that runs from east their salt and sodicity levels are low compared to west there there are very high levels of salinity and sodicity in order to check at what salt and sodicity levels we could successfully plant barley and oat crops we have planted four barley and four oat varieties and three replications barley varieties are pinnacle acc synergy and degenesis and tradition oat varieties include rockford cscampton and the heart and sars first replication represent low salt and sodicity levels the soil saturated paste electrical conductivity here is 3.99 and 7.32 mainly most per centimeter for the 0 to 6 and 6 to 24 inch soil depths sodium absorption ratio is 7.12 and 15.05 for the same soil depths we could see that all barley and oat varieties have germinated well here also when we were getting the seed bed ready this area was very mellow compared to the other two replications the barley and oat varieties are quite salt tolerant compared to other animal crops however generally once the soil ec levels in the top soil get to eight or more millimos per centimeter even these crops will not do well that is what we can see in the second replication the ec levels here are 7.8 and 10.39 whereas sar levels are 18.13 and 20.92 for the 0 6 and 6 to 24 inch soil depths so you can see the impact of higher surface salt and sodicity levels on barley and oat germination which is quite poor compared to the first replication also here when we were trying to get the seed bed ready this area was difficult to tell and there were big clumps that is exactly what sodicity does to the soils resulting in poor soil structure now if we move on to the very high salt and sodicity replication area there's no germination at all whether it's barley or oats ec levels here are 10.5 and 9.86 with sar levels of 27.3 and 32.87 for the 0 6 and 6 to 24 inch depths this research trials shows us few things so far number one it is very helpful to analyze the soil salinity and sodicity levels before planting on these kind of a unproductive areas number second we could profitably plant and grow barley and oats on areas with low to maybe moderate levels of salinity and sodicity however if the salt and sodicity levels become too high for even crops like barley and oats then the best option will be to plant a mix of perennial salt tolerant grasses thank you naeem very good presentation anything to add naeem yeah i would like to emphasize the soil sampling part and i want to differentiate most often our producers get their soil sampled and get them checked for fertility and those results most often will not tell you about the soil salt levels or the sodicity levels you do see salt levels which are mentioned as millimos per centimeter mostly sometimes the units are desiccements per meter those are the ec levels but those tests are done through one to one soil to water ratio method which again gives us a lower soil easy levels compared to what the actual levels are there's nothing wrong with the method it's just it gives you a diluted salt level so it's not really accurate compared to what plants actually face in the soil the saturated paste is the most accurate method but it it unless you ask the labs they will not check uh you know those samples for sodicity which is the sar or sodium absorption ratio so if you don't know about these issues you'll just keep planting regular crops on an average um producers spend from 85 bucks to 170 80 dollars just at the time of planting and i showed few pictures in these videos you saw what happened on those areas so when we talk about profit saving the money where you have no germination or very poor stand is also a profit whether you're renting the land whether you own the land that's one thing and then remember when there's no vegetative cover that would make these issues actually worse and then there would be weeds growing then we'll have to go back and till it and tilling these areas even worse and if you're sprayed you would be spending money on herbicides where you're not going to harvest a crop so the bottom line is um take samples please and remember two major tests soil ec or electrical conductivity and sar through saturated paste method and once you have those numbers show them to uh your crop consultant county extension agents people like me and then we could guide you what what crop you could plant can you plant annual crop there are some fields where you probably may not be able to plant soybeans but you may be able to get a decent wheat or canola crop or maybe i know they're not good contracts available for barley it's an excellent crop and it comes to salt tolerance oats are also good but there are spots which won't even support these you saw one example where the salt and the sodacity levels are high so um i will end my message with this please get these treat these unproductive areas separately than your good areas you could do whatever you want on the good areas whatever seed you plant it will germinate but these unproductive areas are challenging and the issues will keep getting worse i also want to remind you guys that um if you could unmute yourself to ask us any questions if not you could also type in the chat box even after you know for example Venkat's video was played a couple videos back but you could always um type these questions in the chat box and we'll we'll answer to try to answer those questions i thank you naeem and uh also i'll just add to your presentation that for any of those landowners out there that need help soil sampling naeem is well equipped to be able to help with sampling those those areas that aren't very productive and i think that's probably the first step of finding out what to do with those unproductive areas but uh if you need help naeem has the tools to help you out okay so if there's no other questions we'll go on to the next video and uh this video is uh by myself uh randy ball the director here at the lrec uh one of the main missions that we have with the egg experiment station is our foundation seed stocks program and we have a short video that details the foundation seed stocks program this is randy melhoff langdon research extension center director talking about an important program at the langdon rec designed to keep the newest and most superior nds u crop varieties available to north dakota producers this program is called the nds u foundation seed stocks program the program itself is administered in the plant sciences department at nds u and there are five locations throughout north dakota that are responsible for foundation seed production those locations are the agronomy seed farm located at castleton and at four rec's located throughout north dakota wiliston minot kerington and of course langdon when a new nds u crop variety is released to the public it is essential to rapidly increase seed of the new variety so it is available to the seed industry and farmers in the area extreme care and production efficiency all the way from field selection to seed conditioning of the newly harvested seed is required to maintain the highest levels of varietal purity this is accomplished under a stringent quality control program in cooperation with the north dakota state seed department the nds u langdon research extension center serves northeast north dakota a region that leads north dakota and hard red spring wheat and canola production the foundation seed stocks program at langdon includes 550 acres and produces flax hardwood spring wheat barley and recently soybeans and other pulse crops or in northeast north dakota over 50 percent of the hard red spring wheat grown comes from nds u varieties which makes this program even more important to our producers foundation seed produced at the langdon research extension center is then distributed to area seedsmen and county crop improvement associations to be sold in the future as registered or certified seed the overall foundation seed stocks effort is designed to get the newest and most superior nds u varieties of seed in the hands of all farmers quickly and efficiently okay great video what a great video that was anyway uh if you have any questions feel free to ask at any time um i would just add that the foundation seed stocks program at langdon has been ongoing since about 1960 and we did point it out in the video just in the last three four years we've moved into soybeans and other pulse crops which poses new challenges for the seed stocks program but it's worked out very well so far and whatever varieties of whatever crops the producer demands will do our best to get the very best variety available and out to them so they can grow that variety so anyway let's move on to the next topic the next topic uh kind of involves the weather we've had the last few years with the late fall that we've had and uh with the wet fall and the late planting season uh we seem to have some prevent plant issues that we're dealing with here in north dakota so the next video deals with options you might be able to consider if you are putting some of your land in prevent plant good morning this is randy melhoff director of the langdon research extension center in 2019 every grower in northeast north dakota suffered most likely the worst harvest conditions ever no matter what the crop many fields were unharvested and fall tillage was rare at the land in rc we recorded 20 days of rain between the period of august 25th to august 6th this was typical in northeast north dakota and would not allow the crop to dry down to safe storage levels then on october 7th northeast north dakota experienced a 20 to 27 inch snow event effectively shutting down harvest for good the 2020 growing season in northeast north dakota began much cooler than average and coupled with additional challenges from 2019 numerous fields could not be planted within the planting date window therefore many growers throughout north dakota are forced to deal with prevent plant options in 2020 for fields that could not be planted in a timely fashion it is projected there will be 1 million acres of prevent plant acreage throughout all of north dakota in 2020 for my brief presentation today i would like to roll out the four options available to growers in 2020 for preventive planting it is highly recommended that prior to making any late season prevent plant decisions to review these options for your individual farm with your county fsa office and your trusted insurance agent so let's get to the options option one continue planting insured crops after the final planting date for those crops and option one growers will experience a 1 loss per day and coverage up to the last day of the insured crops late planting period generally the late planting date is usually 15 to 25 days after final planting date for the insured crop this of course depends on the insured crop as each insured crop has its own final planting date option two leave the prevent plant acres idle or followed if the grower decides on leaving the prevent plant acres idle or followed throughout the growing season he or she will receive full prevent plant payments full prevent plant payments are usually 50 to 60 percent of the yield or revenue protection guarantee the grower also has the option of receiving an extra 5 percent of yield or revenue guarantee if he or she agrees on a premium increase the grower should also know there is a requirement to follow USDA guidelines for locally approved covers or practices for farmland prior to winter under this option option three plant a cover crop after the late planting period and receive full or reduced prevent plant payment a grower can generate extra income with no penalty if cover crop mixes haid bailed cut for silage or bailage on or after november 1st having crops mature and dry down in this scenario could be a challenge for northeast north Dakota growers a possible example would be replanting leftover peaser barley after the late planting period if the cover crop is harvested for grain at any time the prevent plant payment would be reduced to 35 percent an option for plant cover crop after the late planting period to hay graze cut for silage or bailage this could be a good option for livestock producers concerning late season prevent planting planting hay and harvesting or grazing prior to november 1 will afford the grower 35 percent of the guaranteed prevent plant payment haying or grazing on or after november 1 will afford the grower 100 percent of the guaranteed prevent plant payment thank you ladies and gentlemen for your interest in prevent plant options undeniably the very best advice i can give you is to remind you to find time to contact your county fsa office and trusted insurance agent to determine which option is best for your farm for late season prevent plant options okay thank you very much any questions any comments regarding prevent plant for those in that for those that are faced with that scenario we wish you all the luck and hopefully next year we'll get everything put in so with that let's move on to our next video uh dr larry chahachek ndsu professor of soil science we'll be talking about evaluating suitability of soils for tiling my name is larry chahachek i'm a professor of soil science at ndsu working in uh soil management soil fertility soil chemistry what we're going to talk about today is something that is of interest to a lot of growers particularly in the eastern part of the state and that is evaluating our soils for the suitability for drainage tile drainage is a it has been uh increasing throughout a lot of parts of north dakota because we've got issues where we've had too much water we get water standing on the soil it doesn't run off our landscapes are pretty flat so we end up with uh at times problems with areas of field flooding out they're standing water and then we also get stuck with our equipment and that becomes a problem now the the reason we drain soils is to reduce the amount of excess water in the soil profile and and part of the problem is that we have a fairly flat landscape uh we I think we all know what a landscape is that's the curvature of the earth you know at the hills and valleys and this sort of thing but the one thing we don't always see is there's another landscape and that's what we would call the hydrological landscape or the subsurface water table landscape and water does move from higher areas to lower areas but a lot of times when we see a wet area in the field it's not drying out it may not be drainage it may be that that water is actually the top of the water table now an area where tile drainage is very useful and that is to remove excess water we've got some problem soils we've got three different types of soils that we find we've got saline soils these are soils that are affected with salts and this is usually shown by white crust on the surface when they're dry we've got other soils that are sodic soils these are affected with sodium in this the the high amount of sodium causes the salt to disperse so either they're very greasy and slick when wet or they're hard like concrete when they're dry they do not allow water to move through there saline soils well because the salinity keeps the soil structure intact keeps it flocculated we call it flocculation and so water can move through the salt effective salt with sodium we can't we've got another type of salts and these are affected with both sodium and salts many times we can drain the sodic the sodium the sealing sodic soils fairly readily but once you drain it and remove the salts then they harden up again and it affects our drainage one of the things that we would like to do before we put in a tile drain there are some other issues out here in the soils but before you put in tile drains it would be nice to know what these soils are like and if there are some things in the salt profile between where the tile drain is and the soil surface and many times we don't see these from the soil surface oftentimes we have these areas and fields that are wet and they stay wet all year long again like I mentioned it's probably the water table sometimes it could be a sodium layer underneath the surface we do get plants growing on these soils sometimes but the water just won't drain through them and and we have worked with some examples like that at the Langdon Research Extension Center where water will pond on the surface but it won't now go through even with tile drainage in there another problem that we have in some of the areas particularly particularly along the edges of the the Red River Valley and that is we've got soils that are layered we've got and and these layers are caused by the level of the water in the lake either rising or dropping over many many years when the lakes were high we would have deposits of clay because clay particles are very small and water flows in drainage water from the melting glaciers would flow in the the sands would drop out therefore we've got the sand hills in southeastern North Dakota and the Cheyenne Delta but then we also have these clays that would get suspended and go out into the lake and over time they would settle out so you've got zones that are real sandy again if the lake dropped and a lot of water came in fast then it would bring in sand so we've got layers of sand and clay and and sometimes if we put a tile line underneath those layers of clay we are not able to move water through those clay layers especially if they're sodic and there's some sodic soils in the valley here there's some series like X-Line it's one of the series that a lot of times has these zones in there and they're very sodic so when they wet up the the the the sodium causes the soils to swell and it just seals them off I've seen a tile field with soils like this after a foreign terrain with the discharge pumps pumping badly about a week later there's still water standing on the soil surface because the water could not move through that those those clay layers to form or to to to get to the tile line and get drained and the water was pumped was coming out from somewhere else underneath those clay layers we do have a tool that's really kind of nice it's called a web source survey it's a website that's located with the USC NRCS website where you can go in there and find on the main page find a tab or a menu that says soils click on the soils it'll come up with the soils page you'll get some other information there and there's a green button there says web source survey you click on that thing and you log into the web source survey the nice thing about this is there's a tremendous amount of all kinds of information web source survey next thing you do you find your area your field that you're interested in and then there's a number of different menu items there I like to use where the the item where you can uh entering your section township and range for the field in North Dakota and when you do that it will bring up that section and then you can move to another part of the menu where you can click on a tab that that allows you to draw a box around that field or we call it the area of interest that area of interest will will delineate the the area that you're interested in and it will bring up a soils map of that area now embedded in the soils map is all kinds of information about those soils and there are some other tabs at the top one of them is whether there's several uh one of them is called the soil data explorer where you can get into and look at a lot of different properties of these soils and under there there's another set of tabs and what you might want to look at is soil properties and qualities you get another menu and there's a whole bunch of different chemical and physical properties that you can log into the one that you're most likely or the most useful is something called the sodium adsorption value sodium adsorption value gives you a a an indication of of the sodicity of these soils and the nice thing about this is you can look at different layers in the soil and I like to go foot by foot by foot or you can take a whole profile four foot profile and look at what the s ar is and what it does it brings up a map of that field uh showing us s ar you can also go into the interpretive data that comes with it there are tables several tables and and there are tables in there they'll show you the suitability from drainage which are are uh ranked on a scale of zero to one if if your soils are closer to zero they're very suitable for drainage if they're closer to one then they might have some serious limitations and and and so this will give you an idea of whether you're you're going to have a problem with these fields one nice thing is is that you can sort of get an idea of the suitability these soils um and we're in the process of revising a publication sf 16 17 called evaluating soils for suitability for tile drainage um there are some tables in there listing the soil type soil series that we know are sodic and those that may be sodic uh and this also gives you an indication of potential problems most of the time tile installers will look at the texture and they may look at the depth but they don't look at some of these chemical properties and so they may it may seem that these soils are suitable for drainage but these properties you can't see in there the chemical properties are going to influence how well or how useful the drainage will be so uh from from from this data then you've got some reason to or some basis to make a decision whether it's worth spending money to to reduce or to to to drain your soils the other thing is I'm going to leave you that draining saline soils is not a problem uh and and we can we can look at those things too but it's really the sodium that causes the problem sodium and unseen layers of different textures within that soil profile if you have a soil that looks like a problem get a soil scientist out there pull a few cores and take a look at the profile you can even run some soil tests run some salinity and sodium tests on them it will give you an idea to confirm whether you've got it or not the one thing you've got to remember is that soil surveys are generalized and there may be areas as large as five acres within that area with any soil type there may be a different soil type and and some of these inclusions that as we call them could have sodium in them uh or they may not and so if you are able to sort of identify uh you know the soil is what is out there or there's a lot of variability out there then you can just look at some other things and find some other considerations on how to manage these soils uh i've given you some ideas on on some tools to use that are available uh the the website survey is a very powerful tool because there's all sorts of things that you can use it for uh suitability for tree plantings building sites there's a lot of data in there and and uh all of this is based on soils that have been collected around the state over time and analyzed in detail to look at what their actual physical and chemical characteristics are and then they're linked to the various soil uh soil series within the surveys and and and you can get a generalization of of how uh soils will be productive or how useful they will be or if you're going to have some limitations on your use thank you okay let's move on uh we have next uh dr andrew green is the ndsu hardwred spring wheat breeder and uh we asked him to give us an update on his uh program for northeast north dakota well good morning and thank you for the invitation to speak today at the virtual field day for the langton research extension center my name is andrew green i'm the spring wheat breeder at ndsu and i'd like to talk to you just a little bit about a variety review from data that's unique to the langdon area over the past few years and you know i'd rather be standing in a field and discussing these things with you and um be able to walk through and look at lines and see how they're doing this year but in some ways even though this virtual format um is different you know we're able to do some things that we wouldn't have been able to do otherwise and one of the things i thought might be interesting is to share some of this data with you that i would have used to compile my presentation were i there at the field day um but to be able to really get a closer look at what um is going on and be able to see some things that we wouldn't be able to see from the tour wagons so what we're looking at here is a figure that's showing a comparison of yield by protein protein on the y axis here would be higher as you go up and the same with yield the further to the right we would have higher yields so in the top left corner would be things with a high protein and a low yield and in the bottom right would be things with a high yield and a low protein so what do we see from this kind of a figure well the first thing we notice as you would probably expect is that the negative relationship between yield and protein is pretty evident we know this because we know that typically high yielding lines have tend to have lower protein and vice versa but what i'd like to show you is that there are plenty of lines that uh don't follow this trend exactly and the way that i've chosen to share this with you is with a set of numbers that are called best linear unbiased predictions now this is a very similar mathematical approach to what's used to calculated estimated breeding values or estimated progeny differences in cattle these approaches we got from the animal science folks and so a high blup value for a trait like grain yield might be analogous to you know a high um estimated breeding value for you know milk yield or other things like this so that's why these numbers yield in particular is on a scale from minus 15 to 15 the average yield of all the lines in this comparison is at zero so if you look at the average for yield and protein the average falls somewhere around that x that i just drew where there's a cluster of lines right in the middle of the figure so if you go higher than this line for protein and higher to the right of this line for yield you have things that are are higher than average yield higher than average protein so these things are reversing the trend from what we would normally see which is a strong negative relationship so dyna grow ambush ac good one mn torgy nd frohberg um mott which is not a very traditional northeastern north Dakota line but has performed well in the land and area these are things that have had good yields with good proteins so what do we have down here in this corner we have high yield low protein does that necessarily mean that the quality is bad not necessarily but there's a pretty strong chance that the end use milling and baking quality won't be as good on these lines we can find ways to look that up using our variety trial results an extension guide that's released every fall that has all this annual data in it so the quadrant of the graph that we would really ideally like to be in is up here top right high yield high protein a lot of your race horse varieties are and a lot of these are very familiar to many of you are down in this category again doesn't guarantee the quality is bad but it means that the protein might get low in a year where the yields are high where do we want to stay away from we want to stay out of this quadrant this corner down here in the bottom left would be low yield and low protein not a good situation this quadrant up here in the top left is strongly lower than average yield and strongly higher than average protein so if you're looking for really high protein and you don't mind uh low yields relative to the rest of the trial you might be looking in this area right up here and technically that would apply to all of the things that are all the way in this square but as you get closer to the middle of this cluster here this these lines here are what you would consider to be sort of average in many ways in the trial the things in the bottom right hand corner as you get further and further away those are exceptionally different okay so what do we have in the quadrant of lines that where we would like to be Dynagro ambush this is a line that um has had pretty strong yield performance in this area has mediocre bls bacterial a streak and fusarium headlight resistance and the end use quality is not too bad so one you're probably going to have to monitor for diseases but overall it's tested pretty well um ac good one this is a canadian line that is not quite available to farmers in north dakota yet i think there's a possibility that it could be in future years and then torgy that's a line from the minnesota program that was just released pretty strong quality on this line the stability and the absorption not too bad low volume wasn't as good as it could be but certainly uh average to above average with pretty good disease resistance overall on that line as well endy frohberg is a new release from our program that has very good quality and as far as diseases go it's moderately resistant to bacteria leaf streak to scab to the rusts again something that when it's outside of that normal trend line above average for both yield and protein might be worth taking a look at so the corner that i would really encourage you to think twice about again is down here in the bottom right um we're not guaranteed to have poor quality here but you really need to look at your variety trial results an extension guide to see and if you're going to only look at three categories the three that you've heard me mention so far that i would really say you could seek out and try to stay as high as you can for enograph absorption which is basically water absorption of the flower the stability which is a measure of the strength of the dough and then low volume which is just literally measuring that uh physical volume of the miniature loaves of bread that are baked during testing if it's got high marks for those and the grain protein stays good um it's probably a pretty decent quality line so low protein doesn't guarantee low quality um but in the cases of a few of these lines like lcs trigger lcs nitro uh the quality is has not been good um things that you really would want to think twice about despite the fact that they've got this extremely high yield potential i would work your way back toward the pack here on some of the lines that are in this area if you're looking for really high yield potential and sort out those that have the disease resistance that's important to you and also possessing good end-use quality so there's way too many lines to go through and talk about them all individually but this is how I would encourage you to break down and think about um what what's important to you and why that results guide again is going to have the most up-to-date information on diseases for bacterial leaf streak what we're finding is that anything greater than a seven a seven or higher um you're looking at a pretty strong chance of decreased yield potential in an in an environment where that disease is present for fusarium head blight uh you're going to probably ideally like to be in the four or less rating the fives and sixes or lines that you're going to have to monitor your risk um and look at the scab forecasting models to make fungicide decisions anything at seven or greater you're looking at a pretty risky scenario for development of the disease um and so I would really encourage you to think carefully about uh things that are seven or higher on that scale that we that we release um those are the things that I think are important for making variety decisions again um I'm not necessarily trying to highlight or pick on anything in particular with this figure um but again just showing you that there are things out there that have um higher than average yield with with good strong quality profile um and decent straw this is uh this scale here grays and blues are good for straw strength the red dots are problems things that might be uh have poor straw and so we've got different ways of manipulating this data I'll show some of these types of things at winter meetings but if you have questions about varieties or you're curious about interpreting the quality data or you're interested in learning more about this breakdown I've got here of of yield versus protein and things like that please don't hesitate to reach out to me um my number my information is on the mdsu website you can call me you can email me um if you want to just visit about the things you think we should be doing in the breeding program that's fine too but give me a call and I'd love to talk to you about it and hopefully uh things will be a little bit more back to normal by this time next year and we can get together and talk about something similar um in a wheat field so thank you and I hope you enjoy the rest of your tour okay that was Dr. Andrew Green and NDSU hard red spring wheat breeder uh seems to be making some pretty good progress uh if there isn't any questions oh randy yeah I'd like to say that we still have our uh hard red spring wheat drill strips and germ strips and we've put the signs out in the day or two so sometimes a lot of people like to come out in the evenings and look at the different wheat varieties so that'll be available that's directly uh west of the research center or you could call ahead of time and find out where they're at all right thank you Brian good point uh we like to have our producers come out here and look at our work so uh that consider that an invitation okay well let's see let's move on uh our next video is from Dr. Dave Franzen uh extension soil specialist and he's going to be talking about the unique fertility requirements for the Langdon area my name is Dave Franzen I'm one of the soil specialists here at NDSU I was specializing more in soil fertility than Dr. Wick is whose soil health so I visited with Naeem uh the other day and and I think what I'd like to reinforce is is why we've separated out that Langdon area as a special special consideration when we do our nitrogen recommendations for wheat, sunflowers, corn, anything really so my first summer here which has been 26 years now this year I was riding around with a soil survey person uh Mike Sweeney who's passed away now for a number of years but I was noticing once I got into Langdon that that you go past the field in a large part of the flax was laying flat the barley was laying flat the wheat was laying flat any small grain you saw it wasn't a whole field of course but there was a large part of all the fields and I hadn't seen that in my tour up to that point so it stuck with me in 2010 we gathered data and I gathered data from all over the state for the past decade or two and some recent data from up in that area the numbers told me that the nitrogen rate we needed in order to grow it to grow a wheat crop up there was substantially different than it was in the rest of eastern North Dakota so I I carved it out I I carved out an area that's kind of e-shape from Devils Lake northwest and then northeast it includes the Langdon area so I just called the Langdon area and without really knowing anything else but the numbers I just assumed that the reason that was is that the organic matter tends to be a little bit more up there because it's just a cooler climate shorter season and and it's a cooler climate too so it doesn't it's not like Texas where the where the organic matter just burns up literally so I just thought it was like that and so when we came out with recommendations I was out in Bismarck and I was given a talk on the new recommendations and I was talking about the Langdon area as part of it and and afterwards a a friend of mine a colleague Mike Olmer who's retired now from NRCS but just a really stellar soil survey person in the state of North Dakota he came up to me and he was just he was just giddy he said that that area that you described we always knew that there was something different about that but we really didn't have any data to substantiate it so he so he he gave me the links to a couple of a peer-reviewed papers and one was from a North Dakota scientist a soil survey person to describe almost like I drew at a v-shaped area up in north northeast North Dakota that he called the Shaly area and it is true when we were up there poking holes with Mike years and years ago of every every probe that we put into the ground there's these little pieces of of flat rock flat gray rock and and far you know you farmers have farmed that area you know what I'm talking about because you've seen it too during your tillage and if you're taking soil samples you know it's there so that was part of it is that that's the Shaly area there's shale close to the surface and it's mixed in with the soil but then the kicker was that a USDA scientist from Mandan got an idea about 30 40 years ago and took that shale out of that soil them soil samples and did a nitrogen mineralization study on them and it turns out there's a high amount of mineralizable ammonium in that shale which means that that shale releases nitrogen slowly over time so it's really not the climate that's different why we have that that credit up there that different recommendation scheme it's because the soil itself is a slow release fertilizer and so the nitrogen recommendations we I have a nail down for the for the wheat certainly because that's where we had the most data from that area is that there used to be a real big wheat country before scab and and so we had quite a bit of data and the data told me that I had to do that but that's that's the reason is that has high amounts of mineralizable ammonia in it so so I would think if I was growing any crop up there that needed nitrogen I'd back the rate off by 30 pounds at least if it's not in the recommendations for sure I mean if it's not written down that you should do this I'd still just lop 30 pounds off the top just to make sure you weren't putting too much if nothing else it's a cost and we also know that too much too much nitrogen for sunflowers for example increases amount of disease you might have and certainly would increase the lodging and lower the oil content of canola too much nitrogen is not just not good so if you're in the Langdon area back it off okay thank you Dr. Frenzen a very interesting video there we always knew Langdon was a little unique and there's another reason why so anyway any questions if not we'll move into our next video our next video is from Dr. Andrew Friskup who is our NDSU Extension Plant Pathologist and he is going to be giving us a 2020 small grain disease update for our region. Good morning everyone I'm Andrew Friskup I'm the Serial Extension Plant Pathologist at NDSU and today I'm going to give you kind of a small grain disease update and what we're expecting for the rest of the year in the Langdon northeast North Dakota. To best summarize what we saw early on is we did not see a lot of fungal these spots you know we're used to scouting for them seeing them arrive early but this year is a little bit different we didn't we didn't have those long due periods that really promote the infection of those pathogens so we had more of a later disease onset also with the common practice of putting a fungicide down with that herbicide most of our early disease type of issues were were less common as far as what we've seen in previous years. With the northeast there's one big exception as opposed to the rest of the state was the appearance of rain and frequent rain so the one thing that we have to start thinking about is what is the phrasarium head blight risk this year if you want to look at a state a more of a state impact of phrasarium head blight risk the greatest risk beginning in the middle of june starting in the middle of june has been in northeast north dakota and that risk has only gotten higher as we start moving to the fourth of july weekend and i know there's a lot of heading out wheat and i know there's headed out barley and we have to start thinking about when are we going to put down that fungicide so the two things that i always want to mention about a fungicide one is know what you're using and when to apply it the best products to use out there that provide the most amount of suppression of the disease are persaro, corumba, and merivisace those have routinely always provided about 50 sometimes 60 suppression depending on the year the next thing that we should focus on is when should we be making those applications so if you think about starting with wheat the best time to make that application is when we start seeing the onset of flowering and when we start seeing those yellow anthers start extruding from the center of the head now the common question always is should we be too early or too late uh granted sometimes you're just forced to one decision but our research over the last five to eight years have suggested that being a little bit too late is better than too early now you're still getting suppression regardless if you apply too early or too late but we're seeing a little bit more on the back end of flowering and the best way to describe that is if your wheat flower is your wheat field is flowering today you have about seven days to make that application to get good disease suppression but also protect that yield now when we look at barley we have a little bit of a different timing change and that more has to do with is that barley does not uh flower outside of the boot the best time to make that application is barley was when you have complete full head emergence and that application uh window again if you want to talk about it lasts for about seven days and in some ways you could think about as what stage is barley is how long the stem is below the head in this case my estimation is this is about three or four days after the beginning of full head and it's one of stress that this is still a good time to make an application if you weren't out if you weren't able to get out there already so two big things is what you're using and when to apply it the other thing that I want to focus on is one disease I think that we're going to start seeing here develop um and during the first week of July and this is bacterial leaf streak now when we think about bacterial leaf streak there's there's a couple things that I want to point out one is we're starting to see this disease occur more frequently in the state and the other thing is it's highly associated when we start seeing strong thunderstorms so this past couple days we have seen uh thunderstorms rip across the state and that is more or less a prime time when we're going to start picking up bacterial diseases bacterial disease as the name suggests do not respond to fungicides there's nothing we can spray on them that works effectively and we are confined to using less susceptible varieties now if you use the variety guide you're going to see a one to nine scale certainly anything that five or below is kind of what you want to mark it as far as if you're running into bacterial leaf streak problems the biggest thing is is this can be a severe yield limiting disease as you can see on this sample you see the streaking you see the necrotic and sometimes yellowing streaks running up and down the leaf when you start hitting the flag leaves you can start losing you can start thinking about losing yield potential last year on our most susceptible varieties we documented 50 60 percent yield loss the more resistant varieties they were kept minimal to one to five percent so resistance definitely does pay as we move forward throughout the season uh my key messages for northeast north dakota is continue to stay on top of your field for scouting not only for disease but also for growth stages to see when when or if you're going to have to make that fungicide application the other thing i always want to encourage is i hope you guys have a very successful and happy harvest thanks for your time and if you need to reach out to me work locally with your county extension agent or you can reach out to me directly thank you dr frisk up and uh andrew do you have any updates you'd like to give uh since i've given that video i can say that sometimes i have a crystal ball approach but i'm getting more reports of bacterial leaf streak don't know how severe it is in the state but it's certainly something that's starting to pick up and then as far as resilience headlight risk we still remain fairly relatively high especially up in that area i think that the risk is probably going to maintain throughout the rest of the i guess the small grain heading and flowering stages so that's about the only thing i'd like to update unless there's some additional questions out there yeah good update and i will say that uh here in the land and area the planes are flying non-stop and i think it's a little bit of scab control and white mold on canola so they're really flying so thank you very much dr frisk up and thank you for helping keep our producers up to date on how to control these diseases no problem thanks for the time you bet okay well we do have one more video that we'd like to share with you um dr jan canodal who is the ndsu extension entomologists uh spearheads a very active integrated pest management program and we asked her to give an update on her program up here in northeast north dakota hello my name is jan canodal i'm the extension entomologist for north dakota state university it's sorry that we can't be with you today but i still would like to talk to you about the integrated pest management ipm crop survey each year growers have to face damage on their crops from insect pests and diseases so pertinent information about pest problems on these crops is essential for growers to have a productive year so the ipm crop survey we hire scouts to work out of the recs and ndsu main campus we have the recs involved mengdon maynott williston dickinson and carrington we hire the scouts in late may early june and we train them on proper scouting protocol and pest identification we survey four major crops wheat marley soybean and sunflower these scouts will go out to the field and check the fields using the proper protocol for different diseases the main ones that impact the crop economic yield losses and quality of the crop we also monitor for several pests that are not here in north dakota and they migrate up into the state like sunflower moth cereal aphids and also like wheat rust that gets blown into the state each year so the scouts are looking for these important pests and when they find them they we can then let the growers know that we're going to have some problems perhaps with this pest and that it's here in the state the information from the scouts is collected every week and compiled and it's put together into a map that is posted on the integrated pest management website just google ntsu and ipm for the maps we also put alerts into the ntsu extension crop and pest report for growers so they know to get out and scout for certain pests that may become a economic problem so we also use traps to monitor for some of the insect pests and here we have the wheat midge trap wheat midge is an economically important pest of wheat causing severe yield losses and quality losses in both hardwood springweed and derb wheat when the populations are high in addition to doing the crop survey we also collaborate with the north dakota department of agriculture for serving for exotic pests of wheat this we use the pheromone traps for serving for two exotic insect pests the egyptian cotton worm and the old world bull worm we check these traps and then they're sent to a identifier for proper identification we also survey in the field when we're out scouting for several exotic diseases black stem rust flax munt and dwarf munt in addition the scouts collect soil samples in the wheat fields these samples are compiled and then sent to a nematode lab for identification of exotic nematodes in wheat we've been doing this survey for 10 years with the north dakota department of ag so we've established a fairly large database and this database has helped us reduce hindrances of phytosanitary certificates on wheat exports of north dakota so in summary the ipm crop survey has helped growers make informed decisions about pest management and using pesticides only when necessary in the past are economic in addition to our collaboration with the north dakota department of agriculture we have enhanced wheat exports of north dakota into other countries thank you have a good day all right thank you dr canodal for that ipm update uh i think it's a real good example uh jan's program there of uh how india's ua tries to be more proactive than reactive when it comes to production problems and that's a good example so anyway uh that actually is our last video um i would just like to remind everybody that uh at the conclusion of this zoom meeting or zoom field day all of these videos will be available on langdon's website so you're able to uh re-review them if you'd like and they will be on there from now on and other than that uh does anybody have any other comments uh jan would you uh it's been a couple weeks since we gave that update do you have anything more to add oh well right now we're seeing a um army worm outbreak or a lot of people in the northeast and all the way out to the north central region and then south down to kerrington there's kind of a triangle there we're seeing a lot of army worms and wheat and barley so um get out and scout your fields for army worms there is a article in the crop and pest report on army worms and scouting and thresholds uh this week that just came out this morning so the one of the problems and the decision that growers need to make is the worms are very mature now so we're getting to the point where it will not be economical if you spray that insecticide for treatment and i also visited with a grower uh who did try to spray and control the mature worms which are an inch and a half to two inches long and he had very poor control with a couple of different insecticides so he sprayed twice and he still didn't get control so what is happening is the mature worms are getting ready to pupate and then go down into the soil um so they're not feeding so they're not ingesting that insecticide so as a result you're just getting partial control so and that's why it doesn't get economical most of the damage is already done and we usually call this the pest managers call this revenge spraying so anyway um take your fields for army worms they're very unpredictable they migrate into north dakota and they're very sporadic one field can have a heavy infestation the field across the road will have no army worms so it's just field to field scouting so jan this is kind of a new problem isn't it i know we can get we get get usually army worms at least at the southeast here every just about every year but it's unusual that they'll migrate you know further north we've had such strong winds blowing them up into the northern part of the state this year and there i talked to my counterpart in manitoba and they're also having troubles up in canada in manitoba okay one i guess one final question i have family that farms down there by kindred and he was mentioning this army worm problem in southeast north dakota and he was saying i don't know if there's if you could comment on this but he was thinking that the fields that had prevent plant cover crops on seem to have more army worms yes the moth is attracted to lodged fields or crops that are real heavy like a cover crop like rye for aglain so that's why they target those sort of fields and in in the fields too you might find it just where the field is lodged the wheat or barley is lodged and that's just where the army worms are in that little spot of the field but in some cases the name army means they march and move so they don't really barge but they do crawl and they move out from a certain spot generally in the field as they're feeding so you can see that spot actually get bigger and bigger and i was on the phone earlier this morning talking to a grower um he was wondering how big the the area where the army worms were feeding and causing defoliation they completely defoliated the wheat um stem only thing left was the head the flag leaf is gone no leaves on it just the stem and the head fortunately they're not clipping they can clip the heads so we're we're maybe lucky um those heads will stay on the wheat stem and they'll pupate so with this hot weather coming in the 90s that's gonna speed up the insect development so let's hope they pupate and we typically don't see them again it's just this first generation that comes into the state that's a problem on their crops okay very good well um glad we could address that and thank you jan appreciate it and we really appreciate all the work you do up here with your scouts and and the work you do and you know we're kind of the disease capital north dakota up here and we do have insects and that scouting program is really really valuable to all of us up here well thank you randy we really appreciate having uh all the recs involved because the holes this way we can cover the whole state of north dakota okay great well with that then that is our last video uh if any of the speakers want to chime in and make any other last comments uh we could do that right now and if not again i would just remind you that all of these videos will be available on our website immediately after this zoom meeting and uh share that with your friends and hopefully uh you'll be able to revisit them uh as the growing season goes on but anyway uh thank you very much everybody for attending uh again we really wish we could have you out here outside looking at our plots they look wonderful feel free to come to the research center and view them by yourselves if you'd like uh other than that uh i hope everybody has a great rest of the summer and may our harvest be 100 better than last year so with that uh thank you everybody and i think we'll go ahead and end the meeting