 Good morning and welcome to this week's edition of Encompass Live. I am your host, Krista Porter, here at the Nebraska Library Commission. Encompass Live is the commission's weekly webinar series where we cover a variety of topics that may be of interest to libraries. We broadcast the show live every Wednesday morning at 10 a.m. central time. But if you're unable to join us on Wednesdays, that's fine. We do record the show as we are doing today, and it will be available in our show archives for you to watch later at your convenience. And I'll show you at the end of today's show where you can access all of those recordings. Both our live show and our recordings are free and open for anyone to watch. So please do share with your friends, family, neighbors, colleagues, anyone you think might be interested in any of the topics we have on Encompass Live. Here at the Nebraska Library Commission, we are the state agency for libraries. So we provide resources and services and training and grants to all types of libraries in the state. So you will find shows on Encompass Live for all types of libraries, public, academic, K-12, corrections, museums, archives, anything and everything. Really our only criteria is that it's something to do with libraries. Something cool that libraries are doing, something we think they could be doing. We have presentations that are done by Nebraska Library Commission staff about resources and programs and services we offer through the commission, but we also sometimes bring on guest speakers to talk about cool things they're doing in their library or just sharing what they're doing. And today it's kind of a mixture, mostly our guests, but I'll be chiming in as appropriate. Today we're talking about Nebraska Public Library Laws, as it says here, Chapter 51 and beyond. And Scott Childers, who is the executive director of our Southeast Library System, is with us this morning. Good morning, Scott. Good morning. And he is, I would say, one of our experts on this topic does a lot of research in helping libraries with it. All of our system directors are resources for that. We have forced regional library systems directors in the state. The Scott has seemed to have taken the lead on a lot of it. I also help libraries and I was giving advice and my interpretations of how the laws are and what they're all about. But I know, I think, Scott, you've spoken about this at other meetings before, too. Correct? Yeah. Yeah. And I will again, too. This is something that we're constantly kind of reminding folks it exists. So. Yeah. That's one of the one major issues here. So I think we'll get started here. I'm going to have my camera, but then go on to our first most important page. So I'll just hand over to you, Scott, to take it away. And I will chime in, as I said, as I feel the need. If anyone does any questions, comments, anything you're confused about with the laws, definitely type into that question section of your GoToWebinar interface. I have this open here, so I'm keeping an eye on that as well. Okay. Yeah. Thank you. I apologize for the technical issues. Of course, you know, it was working fine previously, and then today it just not working right, but most importantly. So I do not have access to the chat or anything. So please do put stuff in there and then Krista will pop in and ask your questions for you. So most importantly here, the disclaimer, the presenters, Krista and I are not acting as any attendees, single counsel and the information presented should not be construed as actual legal advice or the promise of such. The goal of presentation is to make you aware that such things exist. If you are in a situation where you need legal advice, please contact a legal professional. Also, I know that sometimes we'll get people from outside of the state attending these or might watch the recording. The laws that we were talking about are Nebraska state specific. So your laws may and most likely will be different, especially around areas of library governance. There are many models across the nation. We are focusing on the Nebraska ones only today. Right. And here at the library commission and through the systems, we are available to help libraries interpret these statutes and give advice and suggestions and our opinion on them. But definitely, if you, we are not attorneys and do not have that you cannot give out actual legal advice, you'd need to contact someone else for that. So we are here to help you get started, I would think. Yeah, definitely. And Chris and I have both talked with city attorneys too, so it's not like we are unfamiliar with that. Yes, we do consult with other attorneys with sometimes the league of Nebraska municipalities is very helpful in these kind of situations. So yeah, we have, you know, we're not just making this up off the top of our heads. Great. So let's go ahead and move on. So we're going to touch on some things that are pretty much universal for libraries. And then near the end, we'll actually get to the chapter 51 and some more of the governance things. But we're going to start out with some of these library related issues. First one we want to talk about, Nebraska revised statute 84-712.05. That number is there, so that way you can see the full text. You can look it up and we'll have a link to that at the very end. So that way you can confirm that these are actual state statutes. It's not, you know, us pulling stuff out of the hat. I will admit we have had to cut down some and leave some context out for clarity for today. That's why we're putting the full reference there. Let's talk about library records. The following recorders, unless publicly disclosed in an open court, open administrative proceeding or open meeting, or disclosed by a public entity pursuant to its duties, may be withheld from the public by the lawful custodian of records. So what we're talking about here is library records, and that's that bottom part here, records or portions of records kept by a publicly funded library, which was examined with or without other records reveal the identity of any library patron using libraries, materials, or services. Which means the usage of your library, the materials and everything within is a confidential record per state law. And you as librarian can decide to keep those private, unless there's like an actual legal warrant or search request, right? So someone coming in and asking what their neighbor is reading. You have full authority under state law to not answer that question. So it's something to keep in mind is like some people think, well, it's just kind of librarianship in general is like, no, we actually have a state law that says that librarian can keep those records private. Confidential, so. I know this is something that in some, we have had the... We've heard people have said in some smaller towns that, oh, they just, we just give this out and someone asks, you know, everyone knows that everyone's doing. That's not, you should not be doing that. No, it is a legal issue. That you do need to be aware of and do not share this information. Even if, you know, oh, well, we're friendly with the local police and they just wanted to know they need to do it the right way to and even the smallest towns. I think that's something good to bring up right here now that I just mentioned it. There are no town, no cities, villages, towns in Nebraska that are exempt from any of these laws. The size of your town, there's no town that is too small to not have to follow the laws. That has been something that has been voiced to me. And I've possibly to you, Scott, in the past. Oh, yes. Someone has said someone either in the city administration or something and said, oh, well, we're too small to have to follow those rules that the commission wants us to follow. Number one, these are not Commissioned, Nebraska Library Commission rules. These are Nebraska state laws and no, there is no town that is too small to have to follow the Nebraska state laws. It doesn't work that way. Yeah. Yeah, I was in a meeting where a village board members said, well, we did ratify these. Doesn't matter. It stays law. They override your local ordinance. That's another thing to, yes, yes. The yours, your community, your city, your village council does not have to ratify Nebraska state statutes. Yes. This Nebraska state legislature makes these laws. The people you voted for to go to the unit, Carol, did that process for you. So yeah. All right. So all right. So you have a question about records since we're on this slide here. We'll definitely definitely type in your questions as soon as you are thinking of them. Some of us know what happens if a library receives a subpoena for records, must they comply? Yes, that would be one of those open court type of things. It's an actual legal document saying you have to provide this. So a subpoena search warrant, but those are actual court documents. And so you must comply with those. Someone just walking in and saying, hey, we'd like to know this or that. You could say no, get a search warrant. And we'll we'll do that or subpoena and we'll provide that information. That is exactly what the police do have to do. They have to provide you with a subpoena or a search warrant or something to that. Yeah. Right. Right. But yeah, it has to be an actual subpoena or search warrant or that type of court document issued by a judge. So. Yes. All right. All right. So continuing on, this is a little bit further in that same statute, Confidential Library Records. This one has popped up a little bit more often, so I wanted to bring it up. I don't want to spend too much time on it, but library, archive, etc. Get donations from non-governmental agencies and preserved for reference research exhibition. Right. Um, so the donor seller or whatever can be kept confidential for a specified period of time. So if someone wants to donate their private collection to the library and they want to keep it anonymous, that is a right that they have in trying state law. This doesn't it hasn't come up too often, but every so often. Rarely, I want to say rarely something pops up and people want to know who gave a special collection to the library. Normally, when a special collection is donated, they want the name out there because it's part of a memorial or something. Sure. This is kind of rare, but I do want to mention that it is possible that donors for materials and stuff to library can be kept confidential for as part of the donor agreement. So you don't want to make sure they actually, yeah, dictate that specifically in the agreement. This is what this is what this gift is for. This is where it goes. This is for how long I want to be remain and it could be for in perpetuity if they want, but it could be just for a certain amount of time. Yeah. Get everything in writing. Yes. And keep the writing. I've had that happen too. I've had that happen too. Oh, we received this gift and this or this amount of money and nobody can find the paperwork about what we're supposed to do with it or how we're supposed to use it. Please save everything, scan everything and save it to somewhere on a hard drive, on a flash drive, something. OK. All right. I think we're ready for the next slide. OK, this is starting to pop up a lot more in just library shipping in general, so I figured I'd bring it up today. We haven't talked about this often in the past, but there is something in state statute on the definition of obscenity. Again, Chapter 28, 8.07 has that. This is based off what they call the Miller test or the three-pronged test that's used federally. Ours is enshrined in here that this is what it means to be obscene. And it's still kind of vague and it's still kind of per case, right? So obscene means that average person would find the work predominantly appeals to the purient interest or shameful or morbid interest in new these X or excretion. It whatever it is depicts it in a patently offensive way. And the work or performance or material lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value. There's a key phrase in this that we have to keep in mind. Taken as a whole, right? If there's an actual trial on obscenity, like a material is actually going to trial for being obscene, it is taken as a whole, not random bits and pieces taken out of context. This is the legal definition as best we have it in the state. Granted, there's a lot of people who will find things offensive that doesn't make it obscene. And these are distinctions that may start playing a part in your book challenge processes and whatnot. And to be honest, what people find offensive and obscene changes. I was in a library board meeting in the library board member why the particular book taken off the children's shelves because the title included the word fart. That was their reason the title had the word fart. This is a book for kids. It's probably going to check out a lot because it talks about the human body. And that's how kids refer to that process. They don't use the term flatulence. So again, the material as a whole. This, like I said, this comes from the federal precedent created by courts called the bill or test or three-prong test. There might be something that changes that in the future, but currently this is what we have in state law for obscenity. This is the legal definition of it. People are thrown around the term just randomly. And a lot of the materials they talk about have not actually looked, been looked at under these type of things, the three-prong. You may also want to adopt this type of language in your book feedback policy, the book challenge policy. So use the law. Yes. And note that this is an and it's a three-prong. It's not an or. Exactly. It has to meet all three of these. So. OK. So let's, unless there's questions, let's move on to the next part. OK, further on in that same chapter, chapter 28, defense against prosecution. Currently in a state law that people working in libraries have a defense against prosecution. If something happens to be found in their collection, that people think are obscene. We currently have that state law. Some states don't have it. Some states have changed theirs. Currently, this statute, there have been some things introduced in the past two or three years. It really hasn't gotten much traction because there have been other issues that the legislature really wanted to look at. I have a feeling this will be also introduced next year that that will remove public libraries protection and could turn someone to be criminally charged for what is in their public library collection, depending on what changes actually happen, if any. So I want wanted to bring this up. This is something that's currently being talked about by our legislators. And so we have to be aware of what is in there now and what those changes could mean later on if things progress. So for now, we are fine. But there are legislators that want to change it and take away the protection from librarians. And also, depending on whose version you're reading, also, there's a bit in here about schools as well. And so there could be some things with that or universities or they're they're in part of the context I left out on this slide. But it would be good to kind of realize what we have now and what's being talked about. So keep an eye on the legislature. Yes, definitely. I think OK, Open Meeting Act, I do want to mention it. It's a law that we need to be aware of because most of our library boards fall under this. There are a few that aren't legally established. They're more of a nonprofit or just community folks running a reading room. But most of us would fall under this and we're going to do a whole hour on this July 19th. So please plan on joining us then or watching the video. There's a lot of nuance in that one. And I don't want to give it short shrift in this. We need to focus on other bills or other state statutes, which is why we pulled it out for its own its own show. Yeah, yeah. But it is one of those that's very important for libraries to know about and to follow. So we'll we'll have answer questions about that on July 19th. And various other meetings. Yeah. Oh, yeah, we do. This is a regular thing. Yeah. And we did do a session on the Open Meeting Act last year, if anyone remembers, about a year ago. But things do change based and because of bills that are put through in legislature. And so we do have some changes from last year's session, too. So another reason why we're doing a new one for the Open Meeting Act. So yeah, sign up for that one if you haven't already. July 19th, about a month from now. OK. OK, so what's next? All right, so the meat of today, library board statutes, things to talk about specifically library governance. I do want to mention a couple of things. So it's big. There are like four types of tiers. With with this, we have the metropolitan class, which would only be Omaha. They have their own special section and is basically, you know, it's a different focus because they are so large. Primary class, which is only Lincoln currently. And that that one, it's like one of those two. It's just a paragraph that says the city can open the library and create regulations and stuff like that. So there's not a lot of meat for either of those because those cities are basically doing it on their own. So let's move on to the next one. OK, cities of the first class. So this is cities, 5,000 to 100,000 population. This isn't like a quality type of measurement. You know, some people say we have a first class city. No, it's strictly the tier name. This is where things get a little weird. So I have pulled a couple of those things out of that state statute that city of the first class may have library services without a governing library board. It's in there. And again, there's like the other suit, there's not a lot of meat in the state statute on how to run the library if your first class city and the city council is is acting as the governing agency. This is almost it. There's a little bit more. Now, if that said, first class cities certainly could do a model based on Chapter 51 as actually recommended because there's a lot of more useful information on who does what. But over the years, I think when I started, we were a little bit over a quarter of first class cities had a purely advisory board. And now we're over half. Well, another thing that it again, it's outside of this context, but you could have a hybrid model where the city's running all the personnel stuff and all of the policy is that power is given back to the library board, right? So it doesn't have to be all or nothing. And I've seen a few that over the years, they have given more power back to the library board because city council doesn't want to deal with it. The other on the other hand, we've seen some cities pull all the power out of the library board because of some conflict between the librarian and the board. So we've seen it go both ways. But it's only first class. And I know there have some there have been some folks I've talked to some cities where they want to do this, but they are sitting at four thousand eight hundred. They don't have the power to do that. They have to have a governing board, right? They're not first class, so they can't pull it. So anything below that five thousand is a governing board by state statutes. Yep. Yep. And like Scott mentioned, you'll notice this says the man in the city council in a city class may establish and may that is a keyword as well. May means it's optional. So this does not mean cities of the first class have to do this. Go by, you know, the statutes and 16 here. It's an option. So you don't have to this. You can go, like you said, to this chapter 51 where there is a lot more detail and and help for libraries and how they are supposed to be run and how their boards are supposed to be run. And so if your city either is trying to do that, run things and don't know what they're doing or like you like Scott mentioned, the ones that are just like, and there's so many things that libraries do that are different from other other departments. We don't want to learn it. That's perfect. That's fine. That's why you've got chapter 51 and use that as well. It's an option. You're not forced to have to do this. So that you've got that in your back pocket there as a. It's OK. Don't worry. We got this, but you got to put it all in writing. Put it in your. Yes. Board bylaws that says in we are following this particular state statute to run our library. And then here's how that all works. So put it in in your board's official bylaws stating which if you are a city of the first class, which way you're going, which statutes you're following. Yeah. And if you're doing a hybrid type thing, right? Yeah, we're doing those out. Like the city council shall be in charge of all personnel and and hours or whatever that mix is and the library board shall have control over the collection development and whatever else. So the things that probably city council members don't want to do, hopefully. Yeah. Yeah. OK. I wish I could give more solid advice based on state statute to the first class cities. But I mean, there's not a lot in there right now. So that's kind of I wish I could give you more. But if I'm going straight out of state statute, there's not much there that you can give. That's why it's kind of a shorter thing. And it really based it's based on where is that city council at this particular moment? What can the asks be so that it's going to be very specific? And that's that's another problem with giving a statewide talk about this particular part. So, yeah, we have all righty. There's levels. Yeah. OK. So cities of the second class and villages, this is basically anyone else in the state that's not Lincoln, Omaha, or the first class cities. So, yes, there are state statute for you. Like Christa mentioned, we we have some small, small people. It's like, well, it doesn't matter. That's for Lincoln and Omaha. No, they have their own. This is for you guys. Right. So there's Lincoln, there's Omaha, there's five, everyone else is five thousand to a hundred thousand. And then there's up to four thousand nine hundred and ninety nine. Yeah. Yeah. And I think here this I assume this is a typo here, then I didn't look closely. This should be this this the wording from the second. That that is a copy and paste error. That is still the text out of the first class. So let's skip this slide. Well, we'll fix this before we put the slides out to you all. Yeah, that was a so city's second class villages. Now we're getting into that. So let's go ahead and move into the next slide. This is where the meat of it is. Fifth chapter, fifty one has more. Most of the public library specific. OK, so we'll start at the very first part. Board creation and makeup granted, you're already most of I don't have a list of attendees at your front. But you're probably already created, right? But there is something in here that is a definition that'll be used later on. And that's basic services. Basic services shall include but not be limited to free loan of circulating print number of materials for local collection in general reference information services. And there's that's kind of the base of it. There's more later on in in there that talks about a little bit more. But basic services, you give those to your tax base free. Right. And so you can't charge the people who live in your town for a library card. And yes, there was a village that was asking if they could do that. It's like, no, that goes against state statute. And if you're a library, you have to give to your your usually it's town. There are some township libraries and some county based ones. And so you follow who is the primary funder as far as who gets the free services. So forgive me if I if I forgot to mention that in earlier today. But if your county is your primary funder, then everyone in the county gets these free services, same with township or city of village. So OK. So and that's the key. This is whoever pays the taxes that help fund your library. You are allowed to have a non resident card and charge for that. Yep, that is where it's not your tax base, and that's where it's OK. So I've had people ask about that, too, because we do reference this in our accreditation standards for public libraries that we basically just copy the same wording from the law saying you have to provide these particular services for free. And I think on there, we do clarify about being to your legal service area or whatever the wording is we use. But but yes, if that if you do a non resident cards and you charge for that for them to use anything, then yes, that's OK, because they're not your residents. That's the difference. Yep. OK. Go on. There we go. All right. So board creation and makeup. This is a lot larger section, but I just wanted to point out the library board shall have at least five members. And I use the term five slots because we know people move in, people move out. Some people have to drop out of a board because of health or whatever. But you have to have at least five slots. And if you have a open, you're actively working towards filling those five. You could have a 21 person library board if you really wanted to. He's gone. I can imagine scheduling that would be horrible. So five is a good number. The mayor and any member of city council or village board shall shall not be a member of the library board. They could certainly attend meetings, but they are not a voting member of the board. And here's the thing. As far as your term limits, if you have any, the term length, all of that is decided locally. There is not a state statute that says you have to have X number of terms or you have to term limit out the library board or any of that. That is local, depending on the makeup of your town. You may really want to have long term library board members or it might be something where you want quick turnaround because you need different ideas at different points. So that is the question I've got. It's like, what does the state say? And the state says, let the cities decide on that particular matter. So this is one good thing I think about our Nebraska statutes is they do understand each community is going to be different. And they have the ability to handle this differently. If you're a very small community and you don't have a lot of people, you know, running for board or wanting to be on the board, you might want them to be the ones who are willing to do it to be there longer because it's harder to find members. Yeah. OK. And something else too about this to highlight is that the city council or village board is the one who determines how it is, how the board is created. And whether it's an election or appointed, the library board themselves don't do that. Yes, yeah, because this is coming from the state's ashes to say, how do you create a public library in the first place? Like if you want one brand new, you've never had one. Well, the city council has a resolution says you're going to have one. And then the city council says, and we're going to have a board of five members and we're going to we will appoint them every five years or whatever. So that's something also to be where I've had that question as well. So who's in charge of deciding who's on the library board? Well, you know, we should have at some point when your library was first created, the city or village board would have had to decide, are we appointing or are we electing? And that should be in writing somewhere, find it. I don't think there's any library of this in this size that has an election for library board. I don't think I've ever heard of it. No, it's an option, but I don't think anyone is doing it now. And in the actual process of how you get people to that city council level for approval, that's your local procedure. I mean, there are some mayors who will go to the library and say, OK, library board time is coming. You have suggestions for me to approach. And then there's other cities where the library and the current library board are just kind of left out. And it's the city who decides who they're appointing. That is local. But again, it's. What works best for that community, as far as getting to that point where you actually have people to put that rubber stamp on and say, you're now the library board member. So, yeah, and I know there are certain things and we're going to get more into what things the library board is responsible for and which one's the city. I always try and I tell libraries the best situation is if you work well and congealed well with your city council, don't work against them. And from their side, too, they have to want to work with the library board. This shouldn't be a conflict of, well, they want us to do something or we don't want to do something. The best situation is if you work well together and aren't fighting against each other. So, yeah, so they will accept suggestions from the library board or even the library director saying, hey, you know, somebody asked me if they could be on the board. So I'm passing on the name. You know, something just as, you know, casual as that, that they're at least willing to listen to those suggestions. So try and work with your city as much as you can rather than at odds with them. And a related question related question sometimes here is, well, can we have someone who's, you know, not within the city limits proper? And that is, again, a local decision. It also kind of depends if you're getting funds, like if you're a city library that gets county funds. Well, the county might actually insist on having a representative on the board that they get to get to a point. And that is that is another part of the state statute that's not on this slide. But, you know, sometimes there's not enough people within city limits. So maybe you the city council is OK with getting people who who also work in the city or live within X number of miles from the city limits or something like that. State statute is unclear. Yeah, if there is a problem with that. But no one's been deemed for it. That I recall if they've expanded that group. So yeah. And that's funny. I mean, you said you can't see the questions, but somebody just asked that. Do board members have to live in the city proper? And that's actually a question we've gotten often enough that years ago, Richard Miller, our former library director of library development had written up and I've got a link to it that I'll include about residency requirements for Nebraska public library boards, because we do get that question asked a lot and he did a little analysis of what is in the state statutes and what's in other statutes that may, you know, affect this and basically came up and came up with exactly said they do not directly say they have to. It is up to each community. But if you are going to have allow non residents, a non non taxable taxpayers become or living outside the city limits, put it in writing in your step in your bylaws that it is allowed. Don't just say, oh, yeah, we'll just let them because someone could come along and say, well, they don't even live here. Why are you lying that if you do want to do that? And this would be like it says here, the city council or village board determines how every while they are, have them put it somewhere in the bylaws that yes, it is OK that people from outside the city can be, you know, even though they're not in the city limits, they may be on a rural farm and their their family uses the library. They just don't happen to live in the city limits. That's, you know. Or it could be that they, you know, they're constantly buying lunch at the local cafe. Well, they're they're providing tax dollars. In some way, yes, exactly. Yeah. So and I have seen I've been in in this position long enough now that city councils one year will say no, absolutely not. And then a couple years later, it's like, yeah, we're having real problems getting people to fill all of our boards. We're going to expand. So things can change over the year. So if they said no before, they might say yes now or vice versa. So yeah, you can always change it as a situation changes. Yeah. OK. Another question is as much more specific. And I'm assuming possibly coming from a specific situation. Can the mayor's can the mayor's spouse be on the board? Oh, but yeah, family relations, that's always a fun one. It is not explicitly prohibited in state statute. It is somewhat questionable in some cases, but we also have to realize that in some communities, the availability of people to be on a library board might be small enough that if you took out relations, you wouldn't have enough people to fill most of the boards. So that's why it's not in there, because we know that there are some communities where if you go back far enough, there's sometimes common ancestors. So where do you draw the line? Yeah. So it's not prohibited, but it certainly is something that if you can stay away from, that would be a good thing just because it helps draw a much brighter line between city council and library board. You don't want to have any questionable anyone questioning the, you know, ethics of who is on the board and if they are how they may be influenced and if that's a problem. You know, it also down the way your city is, is does everyone know that it's OK? The mayor's spouse is not going to do an they're not going to like say something or push for something that they shouldn't just because there's a mayor's spouse. You know, it's very city by city. So yeah, not legally prohibited, not the best situation because of the ethics and the optics of it could be questionable. But if it's not to work with, it's what you got to work with. Yeah, in some areas, depending on their social circles, it becomes really hard to fit within the Open Meeting Act as far as gatherings of officials. If they start talking about the board meeting, you know, or this or that, they could unintentionally be followed. Yeah. Right. I'm not saying it's impossible that that they they are able to have enough self-awareness that they will not talk about it when they're in a group of others. The ones that crosses that line and say, no, we got to wait until an actual meeting. Yeah. Yep. Yeah. An official meeting. Yeah. OK. All right. We'll talk more about that at the Open Meetings Act session. Absolutely. All right. So OK. Board organization is 51204. So it is the library board who elects officers for the library board. So that election happens, they say, after their appointment, it's there's usually an annual term date in many situations. Is that that's what they mean in this? You must have a president and secretary as your office as on your officers. You can give everyone an officer title if you really wanted to. But state statute does say president and secretary. And you have a majority of your board must be there to do business. So if you have a five-person board, you need three people in attendance to vote on anything. So OK. I don't know if you were trying to say something, Christa, or not. No. OK. No. Good. OK. I'll touch on the next slide. And the title here is is another copy and paste error, but the 205 is down there. And the library board shall have the power to make and adopt such bylaws rules and regulations for its own guidance and for government of the library and reading room. So this means the library board is coming up with your policies, right? The computer use policy, the collection development policy, the book feedback policy, displays policy, hours, that type of thing, all folks on your library board. They have that power to create those rules and regulations. So as long as they don't violate the rest of this chapter, so you can't go and say, we're going to have a seven person library board because that is decided by city ordinance or county ordinance or whatever. But you couldn't say these are our hours. Or you could say this is our collection development policy. So those are the types of things. Library board, that is theirs, not the cities. Question we get a lot. This one is in charge of making the rules. You make your own. The library board does. OK. Another question to get a lot. Control of funds. OK, the library board shall have exclusive control of expenditures. All money collected or donated to the credit of the library fund of the renting structure of a library building supervision. OK, key phrase here, shall have exclusive. We rarely see that anywhere else in library law here in the state. But here it is library board shall have exclusive control. I also want to point out that state auditor's office has put this down in other reports, looking at some cities and villages. One of the best examples of this would be Broadwater back in 2009. And again, I don't use this as a same declarative statement as like a judicial review because it is kind of involving the context of that situation. But they reiterated this is a state auditor's office. Recommend that the village library board retain exclusive control over village library expenditures. OK. So we do have the auditor's office saying, yeah, the library board gets to decide what they're spending the money on. I know there's a lot of that shall versus may. Those words are very important and very different. May as optional shall is required. What's the damage, but there is no. It's not really optional. Someone else can't come in and take it from them. Nope. So. And I do want to go on to the next slide and build on this. I believe it's two. Two oh nine. So all taxes, taxes levied or collected in all funds donated or anyway acquired shall be kept separate and apart from all other funds in the city. So this doesn't mean you need your own separate check and account, but they do need to be at least accounting wise, separate from the general fund. Shall be drawn upon and paid out by the treasurer of such city village county or township upon vouchers signed by the president of the library board and authenticated by the secretary of such board. It shall not be used or dispersed for any other purpose in any other matter. So I'm going to go back to that same state order statement. That so I talked about a little bit. The village library board retains exclusive control with subsequent review and approval of such expenditures necessary. What's approved by the village library board expenditure should be paid out by the village's treasurer. So it doesn't say in there that the city has to give a secondary vote. They can certainly review and that is well within their purview and it's good government for them to actually review. But it's not necessarily required that they give approval for each and every transaction. So and this is this this becomes a conflict, right? Because it's so out of the norm and none of the other departments work this way. Yeah, I think this is one thing that's that's that's a good thing to mention now is. In the Arasca state statutes, this is sometimes why city councils and village boards and even sometimes city attorneys, city administrators do not understand how to work with libraries because no other city department has these special laws that we have for live for public libraries and they don't realize they just it's just they just don't know. And that's OK. We will inform them. We will we will we will we were here to teach them that it is different for libraries and there are state statutes and you do have to think work with them differently. And this is one key one that, yeah, the library, their funds have to be kept separate. There can be one big bank account just for the city, but you do have to have that accounting showing. But this money in that account belongs to the library and the library only. You cannot use it for other things. And this gets into the questions I've had about when donations or like a state pass on and pass on and given a bunch of money to the library and they said what it's for. I've had questions about, well, the city wants to use it for something else. Nope, they gave it to the library. It didn't give it to the city. And the same reason keep the paperwork when you get any of these donations or anything given to you that says this is what the money is supposed to be used for. I will mention the checks and balances of this one. The library board is approved by the city, right? So they are putting they are doing that rubber stamp of approval. These are people who we trust to to handle these responsibilities. Exactly. That is that's part of that trade off. Another part is they decide the big pool of money that the libraries get, right? The library can't just cut checks and then expect to get more money from the city. The city. You have to work within the budget you've been given to start with. Yes. Yes, exactly. So if you spend all the money in the first month, well, I guess you're close in the library the second month of the fiscal year. So that there is that balancing point. It's not just like libraries are free to do whatever they want. There are these balances. Plus there are some other things later on today that we'll talk about that the library boards have to do that also that you have to do these things. So it's it's not all just fun and games. There's responsibilities as well as the powers. So yeah, but yeah, this is one of the hardest things dealing with state statute and city councils that I've personally worked with is. It's so different than other departments. Why can't it be the same? Our accounting systems don't work this way. It's like too bad. And then we mentioned city attorney. Sometimes they some of them don't realize that there are things in chapter fifty one for municipalities, right? They think it's just for like state library systems, which we don't have. We have a state library, but we don't have like a statewide other secondary system of libraries. So sometimes we have to remind them to look at chapter fifty one and also the state auditor. They haven't put out a statement like that recently in public, but other library boards have told me they've contacted the state auditor and their current interpretation is still the same as it was back then. You can always call the state auditor and say, we need to make sure we understand this process and get something in writing from them. And that can definitely help you if you're dealing with a city attorney or a city who is walking at this and saying, well, no, no. Here, the state auditor is telling us, do you really want a real audit done of this? Probably not. We have a couple of questions that come in related to this and I'm going to jump to the second one here. If you don't your entire budget amount, should that money remain in a library fund or does it go back to the general fund at the end of the budget year? I would say no, it doesn't go into the general. It's your money. All funds donated in any way acquired shall be kept for the use of the library. Yeah, that is one of the situations where it's not clear, to be honest, because it doesn't say one word or another about what to do with the library fund year after fiscal year. There is a statement. I don't think I have a slide on it, but it is in this area of state law where the municipality can create a sinking fund. So any leftover funds, donations or whatever, can go into to a library specific sinking fund, which would then be used for big capital projects like renovations, remodels, new HVAC. But still just for the library. Just for library use, right. But you can't have a library specific one. I think that's probably the cleanest way to handle leftover funds. I can't. There was one community that that recently put that in and they switched like the city admin and the village board and everyone's I don't know if that's still in play there, but it certainly is the cleanest way to handle any leftover library funds. It makes it undisputable, right? Yeah. So that's just my opinion, not my not a legal opinion. So. Another question is, what about library foundations? OK. Is this a library foundations and are foundations required to turn their financials over to the city government? Another great question that has popped up in the past few years. OK, so the base is library foundations are separate entities. They are 501 C3s. Those are it's private money is not city money. However, recently, I want to say that past five years, there's a new accounting standard that's being put into play that they put in support organizations as part of the city audit. That I do not I'm not sure if there is a legal requirement to do so. The most I've seen is is an accounting standard that more municipalities are doing for I don't know why. Hmm. But that I they have a name for it, too. And I can't remember off the top of my head. I generally would say that no. The foundation does not need to be part of a city audit. But then the next question is, is this a battle worth having right now for you? So that that that is something I would need to to see a little bit more on if this is being required by some other agency that just hasn't made it its state statute, like it is the state auditor wanting this type of approach done across municipalities as a matter of practice and not as state statute. Yeah, because, yeah, I know there's no statutes that say that, no. So, yeah, it as far as my understanding, and this is where what those cases, if you really want to get into it, you may want to talk with the legal attorney, you know, legal professional. It is private money is being donated. You know, for that group, not to the city proper. And my understanding is it's just a city accounting practice that many cities are starting to I can see in some situations that a private foundation may bulk at saying, who are you to ask me us about our we're a private foundation? We do not answer to you, you know, and you know, if you're going to do this, we may just change what we do as a foundation and do something else with our money now because we're private and we can't. Yeah, that becomes a question of will that fight create more more hostility than it's worth at the time and long term, right? In some cases, it's absolutely worth that fight. In some cases, like, nope, this is private money. These are all donors. It's not state statute. It's not your money. And then there's maybe other organizations where it's like, well, we're looking to build and we're going to need the city's help to make that happen. You know, we got to play nice with them at the moment about this particular issue. Right. That it's more more of your local political capital than state statute in that that timeframe. I my understanding is unless there's something I'm missing, which is possible, they don't have a legal thing to stand on. If someone does is given a legal like interstate statute X, Y, Z says it, please feel for it. Please forward it to me that way. I can look at it and I've learned from that myself, but I'm not currently aware of any legal standard that says it must happen. Or you said if someone has asked the state auditor's opinion, that's a place to see what they say. That's something as well, the state auditor has told us this. And if anyone looks at our books, this is what they're going to look for. So, yeah, I'd like to ask them a clarification ahead of time, just to see. Yeah, I will mention that if the foundation wants to do that, is the foundation that makes the request is not the librarian on behalf of the foundation, because if you were truly saying we are separate, then it must be the separate entity that's making the inquiries. Yes, I don't ask the auditor's office the question, not the library. Yes. Yeah, I know there are lots of friends and foundation groups that really work closely with the librarian to do all sorts of things. And that's fine. That's working together in most cases. It's fine. But in this case, if you are truly saying we are a separate entity, money-wise, then that separate entity needs to be the one asking, right? Because the librarian does not work for the library, foundation or friends group. So absolutely. OK, good questions. Yes, definitely. We're going to go on to board powers. And before we do jump in, I'm just going to mention we are a little after 11 o'clock. That's OK. We did start late this morning and we are going to go as long as it takes to get through all the slides we have here today and answer any questions you have. So please do stick with us and get your questions in if you do have to leave because you only a lot of the hour for the show. That's fine. We're recording the whole thing. You always come back and watch the rest of the recording later. Yeah, if you have questions, go ahead. Ask Krista, ask your regional system director. We're we've got some more, but I think they'll have more discussion. So just that we kind of know where we're at. But we're pretty close to the chapter 51 as far as what I was planned. So we'll get there. So thanks for your patience. Yeah. Speaking of library board powers 51 to 11. OK, this is the part that got changed most recently. And now it's back in 2009, I think, if memory serves. A good portion of it stayed the same. They just added a sentence at the end. So they looked at it. They kept some parts. That must mean it's still valid, right? And this is the part that I'm going to talk about. Library board may directly occupy appropriate billing for use library. A point to suitable librarian and assistants fix the compensation of such appointees and remove such appointees at the pleasure of the board. The library board sets the pay for the librarian and the assistance. The library board hires the librarian and assistance. We a lot of places don't follow this. They follow the city sliding scale or whatever. Now, if the library board decides, yes, this is appropriate. We're just going to follow the city sliding scale for whatever rate. That's their choice. But really, in state statute, the library board is the one setting the pay rate, which is very important these days, because I'm, you know, even though there's a minimum wage, there is a carve out for some government employees. So that's hitting librarians, library assistants pretty hard. The next part is what changed the governing body of this county city or village shall approve any personnel administrative compensation policy or procedure before implementation. So you do have to go through the city and they have to approve it. I do want to mention there is a nuance in here is they shall approve. They shall not. It does not say shall mandate. Right. The library board goes up to the city. It says, will you approve this policy? It's not the city council comes down to the library. It says, you must follow this. A little bit of a nuance there. One then got missed a lot early on. So and this is personnel or compensation policies only. Right. Not collection development policy running of library policies. This is specific to just these specific situations. And this is the section that causes some of the first class cities to go to advisory instead of governing. And in many cases, I'm finding it's really just the personnel and money that we talked about earlier, and they don't care about the rest. So. But again, if you're in that second class village status, this is still law of the land. And I do have a little other background on this, too. From from Richard Miller again, back when this was first done, I was able to find some of his explanation about this. That this change, that second, that last section section there was proposed by the League of Nebraska Municipalities because of some concerns that libraries were not following proper personnel rules and regulations and protect the librarians and library boards from liabilities that might arise from having a personnel policy that has not been endorsed by their community governing body and therefore it might not be covered on the community's liability policy. So this is this is really only for the purpose of making sure the library is following the appropriate city personnel rules and regulations. There was concern that they weren't. The library board was just not not really paying attention to that. So the league said, well, we need to make that make sure they pay attention. So this the city, no, the library board has got to assess the salaries. Hires librarians, all of that. But you should be looking at what is what the city's rules are about setting those salaries and things. And you should work together again, you know, work with your, you know, board and saying, you know, OK, what is our budget and what does the city want us to do as far as salaries or what kind of we can't can can or can't we do and make sure you're working within those. And the city always has the ability to not approve the salary or a pointy that you might make if they need to. But only because it is conflicting with some sort of rule or regulation that the city has in place. Yeah, yeah. So for the library, if they had not been following the rules and regulations already set out by the city. Yeah. Yeah. So like your individual choice. Just they can't they can't say no, you can't hire that person, but they can look at your process and say you didn't follow this non-discriminatory or this type of process, right? They can't there there's a distinction there that policy or procedure, those particular phrases are important. Yeah. And yeah, and there was a case where a library board ran a search and did not do a good job as far as following non-discriminatory statements or, you know, who actually had access to the actual applications. And that's a case where the library board could have really messed up. If if they didn't realize, wow, we really legally did not do a really good search there are so many areas where things could go badly. So they had to restart the whole process. So it can be a really good thing. If the folks in the city office, you know, it's like they do a lot of hiring compared to library usually, usually. And they know what, you know, if you do this, there could be a discriminatory hiring lawsuit or if you do this, well, you just tainted the whole pool and given someone an unfair advantage at the interview stage or what, what not. So things to keep in mind. All right, so you have a question about that sentence here. What if the second sentence, and I think you might have answered this and is interpreted by the city as that we shall follow all personnel and compensation procedures as set by the city, basically anything that has to do with finances or personnel. Again, that's that's where the nuance comes. It's like they shall approve the library board's policy. It doesn't say that they will mandate the policy. Right. So it's coming from the library board side, saying here's what we want to do. And then the city can say regarding that proposed or submitted policy from the library board, yes or no, not here is what the city does. And you have to follow it because it's the other direction. Yeah. Right. Now, but realistically, we know there are going to be some boards that until your policy proposal matches exactly what they want. They want to prove it. Yeah. So we know that happens what they want it to be. But again, state statute does say it's the library board's responsibility to have to create those rules and regulations for the governance and usage of the library. So, all right. And we have another question that came up about budget. OK. It's up here. OK. We have certain line items in the library budget for maintenance, HVAC, et cetera. Is it permissible for the friends of the library to draw from the library budget to cover additional expenses for grant matching or not enough funds to cover improvement projects? Oh, my. So the friends want to pull out of the city coffers. That way they have matching funds for a grant. Is how I understand the project that I guess they were wanting to willing to fund was another part of it, too. So that is something that if this if everyone involved is on board with being partners in said grant. It makes sense. But it is not something that that can be done unilaterally, generally. Putting money from the city budget, the city library budget into a friends or foundation is not usually a good idea. But if it's an actual partnership, like the city and friends are both jointly involved in this whole project and everyone's on board, there might that's a little bit cleaner way of handling it. And I'm not sure about the situations that of this particular case. If that's what's going on, or if it's just we're wondering what we what we can plan for, right? There's going to be some context in that particular type of question that that needs to be addressed. But I would not plan on taking stuff from the city side to the friends or foundation that generally does not. That that's not a good thing to happen, taking tax money and putting it into the nonprofit. No, yeah, right. But if you are both like if there was a grant that was applied for and both the library slash city and the friends group were listed as the grant applicants, then you are working together. And there's some document that states that. And then you would have discussions about, OK, what money from which applicant is going to be used for what. And that's kind of how I'm here. Yeah, that would be a way to do that. But not just and we need more money. Let's just pull some from there. No, yeah, yeah. And there are some cases, especially with some big ticket items where like friends and foundation money goes into the city, especially for like big remodels. Because then the city doesn't have to pay sales tax. Friends and foundations do. That's something to think about. Yeah. And so there are times where it's advantageous for everyone that the foundation donates some money to the library proper. And so the city cuts the checks. And that's usually reserved for those big things like. Really big. Yeah. New building, building remodel, that type of thing. It's not generally done. Hey, we need to buy books. Not generally done that for smaller ticket items. But yeah, you could, like I said, you couldn't take the money from the city and give it to the friends usually. Unless that is part of the grant where it comes from the 501c3. And it's a little bit more involved. But generally don't jump for the idea of giving city tax-based money to non-profit. That's kind of a good rule of thumb. Unless there's an actual partnership in writing for that. Christa, you agree with that? Yes. Yep. Definitely. Okay. Well, we have a question here that goes back to the statute about appointing 51211 about the part about appointing librarian and assistance. And I think, okay, just use a little clarification. Okay. So the question is 51211 says that the board can appoint a suitable librarian and assistance. But in the best practices listed in our Nebraska Library Board Manual, we have a document on our website, the Board Manual, says that the library director hires staff. Well, what it says in the Board Manual is the library director recommends the employment of who should be hired, but then the board has to approve it. So the board actually does the final appointing of the staff. But a library director can say, hey, we've interviewed and found this person and they recommend this is who should we would like to hire. But so the director can find the person interviewed, just say they want to hire him, but it has to be presented to the library board to approve it. That's where it is the appointing actually happens. So that's the differentiation there. Okay. Thank you. All right. Moving along to the rest of the library board powers. Okay. This one I'm not going to spend too much time on. It's there. The library board shall establish rules and regulations for the government of the library. So this library board sets overdue fines if you have them or replacement fines or whatever policy goes on there. This just kind of reiterates that. Yeah. And so there's really not much to add here. This is more of a reiteration of what we've already said. And this is a good part to refer to if your city council or city village board says we want to tell you how to run the library and what to charge and what you can do. No. Here's part of the state status that says it's the library board. So I will mention at this point I have seen some communities where the library policies are actually now city ordinances. It must have happened a long time ago. So that's not a place for your library policies in city ordinance unless it's really necessary to do so because of I don't know some crazy repeat offenders or something. But yeah, I've seen library policy in city ordinance and that's that's the city council voting to put it into ordinance. So therefore not exactly in their powers. Library policy should be in library board hands. So all right. The annual report. Yeah. So 51 213 the annual report. This is also part of the responsibilities of the board. And part of it has to do with that fiscal stuff. If you're doing this, that means you're showing, you know, your fiscal responsibility in doing some things we said earlier about, you know, doing exclusive control of your finances. This is you coming back to the people who gave you your money and said, this is what we spent the money on. So on or before the second Monday in February. So it doesn't have to be on this date. And I don't play in communities. They have all of the department folks come in and give a and the fiscal year report say in November, if they have a September, October fiscal year. If you cover this stuff, you've. Complied your following your fiscal year. It's before the second Monday in February. It's to the city council and you're good. You don't need to do a second one. And these are mandatory bits in there that you have. I know a couple of communities, they had a time crunch. They took the report to the commission, the statistical survey, the bibliostat stuff, printed it out and sent it to the city council done. It's not pretty. It doesn't give you a chance to highlight things, but it fulfills a requirement. And especially for, you know, your first year, maybe you don't, it's like, I just got this done. I don't want to write another report, send it in. You're good. I didn't have it on this slide, but there is also a requirement that there is a affidavit, which is just a statement signed by the library board that says everything in this report to the best of our knowledge is accurate and true. You don't need it notarized. You know, it doesn't need to be fancy, but there does need to be a statement from the board member signed by the board member saying, to the best of our knowledge, this is accurate. So that is the step that sometimes gets overlooked. You want to follow that so that the library board is fulfilling their promise. Yeah, I mean, and then I also want to note state statute does not say you have to give a verbal report. Some people love doing it because it gives them a chance to be there in front of the city council and highlight things and show the emotional impact of something. Great. There are other times where it's like, I just need to get this in because we're, we already talk a lot. They know we just need to do the formality. Yeah. It doesn't even say that they have to read it. I guess it will be delivered. Yes, it will be delivered. That's it. So that is your application, but it does open a door for maybe some dialogue to highlight certain things, set the stage for next year's fiscal requests. But it doesn't have to be if now's not the time. So keep in mind, it's a possible door to other interactions if you need it. So. Great. Okay. We have some links here. There are some other things in Chapter 51 related to libraries, but there are kind of rare instances, so we're not covering them today, but we gave you these links. Nebraska state statutes, it's all on the web. The by chapter, you saw that we talked about Chapter 51, Chapter 15, Chapter whatever. So you can browse them that way, or you can search, so there's a search interface too. These are the legal, these are the state statutes, it's from the Nebraska Legislature website. It's not some third party, right? So that's, this is as legit. If you want to double check what we've said, feel free. We're giving you the links to do so. The Nebraska Library Board Manual, a link to the law section in the Board Manual, and also the Library Director Manual, because there are some other things that may be of interest for librarians, library boards, and we just did not cover things around like more on sinking funds, more on some other things. So you can kind of get a synopsis of what else is out there that maybe Chris and I did not cover today. But again, don't take our word for it. The state statutes are there, look them up, double check. I mean, I'm finding it's very important for us to say, it's like, I could have a handout with all of these state laws printed out, but they don't believe it because they don't, you know, someone just handed it to them. Great, using some critical, you know, literacy skills here, it's like, I don't know you, I don't trust you. So here's where you can go, the definitive source to look it up. If you'd ask your state representative, where do I go to look up state statute? The website will give you this URL. I think it's pretty important to show our work these days. So here it is. Yeah, it's always good. Whenever I do reply in emails to anyone, I do give links to the statutes too, so that if you need to pass that on, yeah, you can tell them. If we have had that comment, we've heard that comment in either city or village board meetings or library board meetings that, well, who is this system or director or library commission telling us what we can and cannot do. Here's the state law. I can't really get more specific. I mean, it's a state law end of sentence. I'm not telling you what to do. I'm linking, telling you where the law is that says how you're supposed to do this. So always a good idea to have those direct links to just say, there it is right there. And then the last slide just says questions. All right, so does anybody have any other questions? Questions, comments, situations you want to ask us about? We will answer any questions you have while we're here right now. Of course, you can always reach out to Scott or myself or any of the other system directors with questions you have later if they come up. So go ahead and type into your questions section. I'll pop back to this slide here so you can see that we do have those links. And everyone will have these slides while I'm waiting to see if any comes in. The slides will be available with the recording. I will make those fixes to some of those copy and paste typo errors that we had earlier before I put up the slides. So you'll have totally everything will be correct that you'll have to reference later. Thank you, Krista. Yeah, well, I didn't have a chance. And we just, you know, this is the most, we just wrapped these things this thing up this morning and didn't really have a lot of time to double, double, trickle, check everything. But that's okay. The statutes are out there and they're all correct. Yeah, again, another reason to check those instead. But while I'm waiting to see if anybody types in anything else, thank you so much, Scott, for coming on today and talking about this. As I said, we both, I know I get lots of questions about state statutes and what are we or aren't we allowed to do or what is the city allowed or not allowed to do? And I think it's great finally that we have done, finally, something here in Encompass Live about it that people can refer to. If things do change, as was mentioned, that sometimes the, you know, certain bills are presented that affect library operations and will change any of these laws. We'll do an update, we'll do a refresher. We know we have new library directors that come and go and it's always good to have a reminder. So maybe after next year's legislature is wrapped up, we'll see if anything has changed, if we need to do a revisit any of this. Yeah, yeah. Like I said, the Open Meetings Act session that we've got coming up on July 19th and we did do that about a year ago and there have been a few tweaks to that coming, so. Well, there were potential tweaks, none of them actually passed the vote. But we had gone like three years straight with tweaks. Yes, there had been lots of changes. It's good to kind of plan on doing an annual evaluation on that. And then there are some resources available through NLA if you want to watch like next year's session and get it, you know, kind of get more updates on where things are as it's happening. So you may want to check out the NLA Advocacy Committee. Yes. As far as even just monitoring, even if you're not going to, or in a position to advocate, at least watching what's going on, they're improving each year on getting that education out on what is happening. What are the bills that could affect libraries? Even that might be beneficial for you. And they do for public school. There's some things that we're collecting school libraries this time around too, yeah. Yeah. And SLA for schools is another good reason for that. But yeah, so it is something that more people are getting interested in as far as watching what could be coming down the pipe. So yeah. Any questions pop up? No, I don't, nobody's typed in anything yet. Well, we've been chatting away here at the end. So I think we are good to wrap things up for today. Yeah. Yeah. I just want to say thanks, everyone, and sorry about the technical issues. Of course, we do this all the time through online stuff. And then today, the software goes crazy. So, but thank you for your patience. And, you know, better informed. Better informed. We are the better we can provide for our communities in a sustainable way. Yes. It's kind of a whole thing. So to be aware of all this. Yeah. All right. I am going to change my display here. There we go. We're awesome. So, yeah, that will wrap it up for today's show. This is our page for today's show. As I said, we, the slides will be available afterwards. I'm going to pop back over to our main Encompass Live page here. Here we go. If you use the search and your search engine of choice and type in Encompass Live, we are the only thing called that on the internet still. So you'll come up with either our main page or our archive page and your results. So these are upcoming shows. And then right under here is where the link is to our archives. Today's show will be at the top of the list here. Should be up and ready by the end of the day tomorrow with the very latest as long as go to webinar and YouTube cooperate with me. And I've got to update these, make some tweaks to the slides. There'll be a link to the recording and a link to the slides here. Everyone who attended today's show and registered for today's show will get an email from me letting you know when it's ready. And we also push it out into our social media too to our mailing lists. We have a Facebook page that is linked from various pages, the Encompass Live page. And we use Twitter and Instagram. So if you like to use Facebook, give us a like over here. Here's a reminder to log in today's show, meet the presenters thing. Where's one from last week? There we go. Announcement when the recordings are available. So post everything out on there. Also on our Twitter and Instagram, we use the Encompass Live little abbreviation hashtag for anything about the show. So you can keep an eye on things there as well. If you are interested in that residency requirement, this is this long page here. If you just type in residency and the search on our page, I believe I've got it linked from in the board manual somewhere too that really digs into how Richard did some evaluation of that. While I'm here on the archives, I'll show you there is a search feature. You can search our show archives if you want to see if we've done a show on any particular topic in the past. You can search the full show archives are just the most recent 12 months if you just want something really current. That is because this is our full show archives. And I'm not going to scroll all the way down because it is huge. This goes back to when Encompass Live first premiered, which was in January 2009. So we have going on 15 years, oh my gosh, of show archives here. So just pay attention to the original broadcast date of anything. Our shows, some of the shows will be great and stand the test of time, have good useful resources still, but some things will become old outdated. Resources and services may have changed drastically or no longer exist. People may work at totally different libraries than when they actually presented to us. So just be aware of what you are watching if you do watch any of our show archives. So here's our schedule for the next month. Hope you join us next week when it is Pretty Sweet Tech Day. The last Wednesday of every month is Pretty Sweet Tech Day and Encompass Live, and that is when normally Amanda Sweet, our technology innovation librarian, comes on the show and talks about something techie related. And for the next two shows, we actually have a guest presenter, Andrew Sherman, who's my shirm, who's our new, new on our computer services team here at the library commission. He is going to be talking next week about securing your computers for library, for public use. So he's going to do a presentation about that next week. So if you are concerned about that, keeping secure for protection of your computers and your library patrons, join us for that. Some of you may know Sherman, he was a library director on our Sydney Public Library and now he is here at the library commission. He'll also be with us at the end of July to talk about internet filtering for e-rate SIPA compliance and cybersecurity. So doing filtering for not just for e-rate purposes, but for just your own safety and security. So you can join us for that next pretty sweet tech at the end of July as well. And then we've got our other shows here coming up and keep an eye on the schedule for as I'm getting things booked out into August. So thank you everyone for being here with us today. Thank you for sticking around. And thank you, Scott. Happy to be here. Yeah, and we'll be back with Scott on July 19th. As we mentioned, sign up for the open meetings accession. We're going to dig much more into that on July 19th. It gets its own show because it needs it. So do register for that one as well, and we'll see you back again then. So thank you everybody, and hopefully we'll see you all in some future episode of Encompass Live. All right, bye-bye.