 Hello, everyone. We're back again. I hope you have enjoyed the networking time So now let me introduce you to Lucas Lasota. He is part of the legal team at FSE sorry and is researching in the Hombard University in Berlin He will talk about how free software is essential for the future of internet and an easy way to display copyright and last information in software In his talk shaping the future of the internet with free software Welcome Lucas. Happy to have you here with us Hello, Gemma. Hello Lucas. Really nice to have you here Thank you very much. I'm really happy also to be here And I really also thank you open expo for this great opportunity to Talk a little bit about free software and the future of internet I will write so The for the participants of the people here remember that you can ask questions in the q&a Well, he's preparing the talk and when he finish we will ask all the questions So Lucas you can proceed. Thank you very much and talk Let me try to share my screen And oh, yes Right, so Thank you very much everybody for being here today It's an honor to take part in such a nice event It's my first digital event that I'm taking part and I think it's very nice I Participate in two talks already and I will say I learned a lot of new things So I hope this my my talk will be useful for you as well So, uh, I'm Lucas La Sota. I work for the free software foundation Europe. We are based In berlin and we advocate for free software and help people to control technology today Let's talk a little bit about The future of internet and how free software is a central element on that well I prepare this talk I am a lawyer. I'm not a developer But I work with a lot of developers But I don't want to talk about these boring legal topics But we want to have people to understand Which kind of internet we want for the future and how we can help People to understand their rights their copyrights at the licensing in order we have Healthy digital environment for the internet of the future And then in the end we will have also some time for To chatting some questions and I hope You can enjoy so let's get started first, uh I would like to review the concept of free software And as in the last presentation by juice that was amazing and he used the term free software in an open source as A synonym. I would also use the terms and synonym here But the most important thing is to understand what are the principles behind the term free software It's not just making the source code available. It's not just putting your your program free of charge No, it's not about price, but it's about liberty. It's about freedom When the term program that you use Allows you to use it To study the source code to share it with other people and to improve the program yourself Then we are talking about free software uh and Having all these principles this foreign liberties For the internet and we understand that the internet is today's the public space But it's based in all this huge amount of technology But when we have free software as the backbone of it And when I say free software is for freedoms Then we can guarantee that the next generation internet will be the most democratic one Well, and I say then because we understand that technology is not neutral Uh, this whole corona virus situation has shown us how easy people can lose their digital rights And how easy to be controlled by Some not very fair app or How easy people can mislead mislead to a program that tells you Or shows you one thing but in fact are doing another thing So we want people to control technology and doing by that we want people to understand that the next generation internet will have Human we in the center of it well We want that the new technology that are being developed in order to populate the internet Respect some kind of some principles And if those technologies respect those principles We'll have an internet That is human centric An internet that will respect our human rights An internet that will respect our privacy And also our data protection We want that everybody has the same access to the internet and we want that people feel safe there And in order to do that, there are some Principles that the new technologies should abide And I will show you in the next slides that free software not only abide those principles But also is the best solution For technologies in order to build the next generation internet the internet of humans The first principle is the principle of openness We want that the internet Be kept open for everybody We don't want that the internet The future internet will be kept on hold or in power of few few people Or few enterprises We want that everybody can join the internet and feel safe there and can collaborate there because The internet is the new public public public space And when I say that Free software free software can be shared and used in a non-exclusive way by everyone It's the perfect development method for new technologies in order to keep the internet open Well, and Keeping the internet open. It's not enough We need to certify that everybody has the same access right access to the internet Just as in the physical world the digital world sometimes restrict people's rights And the solutions the technology technological solutions Are not designed for everybody so Some people have access to telephones to computers and to software that Are very good for them, but other people who have who have Special necessities They are not heard and their necessities are We can say that some kind some more web technologies are not compliant with their tech with their necessities Therefore since free software helps to develop and maintain tailored software that suits everyone's needs In not just some business model Free software abide and help Developers and help companies to develop new solutions that respect the principle of inclusion yet The internet Can be very unsafe If we don't know who is in the other side Who what's the program that we are using we have no clue what the program is indeed doing Preparatory solutions That one Which we cannot read the source code the the source code aren't transparent Which we have to take the vendors word for granted But we cannot check One nice principle is Yeah You can like it you believe in it, but please check And free software allows anyone To to check what the program does So if we want to build an internet that is transparent and safe for everyone We need software that is available for checking for audits to everybody When you can check the source code, then you are sure that what one program does or not and Being transparent We also can check If programs respect our privacy If the program respect Our personality As we can see the internet is in internet is very easy to lose control over your data It's very easy to control Control of your image over your name So The future internet we want to keep it safe for everybody So privacy and data protection Are two basic principles that will guide the implementation of new technologies And since free software development models encourage decentralized solutions avoiding mass data concentration uh Is the one of the best ways To protect other people's privacy and data and since We're talking about the principles here and we understand that the internet Is a Is a public Space where a lot of people interact and Not just individuals, but also large corporations governments We need to find ways to make people work collaboratively And in order to have all those principles that we are talking about It's not enough just to tell that the internet is open for everybody and is transparent And it's respect people's privacy and data If we do not allow people to work And to take part on those development models Because when we have different people Working together and making their voice heard Then we can say that in fact The technology that we are developing They are democratic and they are Well They are based on cooperation And since free software Allows people to develop new software In the best collaborative way Free software will keep The internet As open for cooperation as well And the last principle that we Won't to believe that the next generation internet should have is security because uh As we can see Most part of our daily routine our work our communication Our data Our interactions are doing through the internet So we really want That people can interact in those digital environments in a safe and a secure way However, if we do not have A safe mechanisms in order to guarantee that Well, then our trust in those technologies Are not good enough Free software can be checked for security flaws and backdoors So free software Can provide solutions That will keep The internet safe and secure and well We talk about the principles that will guide the development new technologies in the internet And but where to start When we talk about yeah, I want to develop a new technology That will respect all those principles I want to develop an app for people's smartphone that will Guarantee The privacy and secure it will be Private and will be secure and we'll have a collaborative development model But where to start? Well, since I'm a lawyer I think it's a good way to start Is having your rights And your obligations very well determined Because when you know What are your rights and what your your obligations? You can be confident in order to work Since you know until when or until which step you can go on how far you can go in order to not Damage other people's right Well and why license and copyright is important for the future of internet Because software is protected by copyright And licensing is the most important legal instrument to transfer rights for other people So remember when I was talking about the four software freedoms All those freedoms are protected by licenses So the whole free software concept Is enabled Well by a series of factor, but Licensing free soft license is one of the most important elements in free software however During the this current time I stumbled with a very interesting and a very funny, uh, tweet Somebody asked good on twitter giving me a horror story from your specialty in five words or less And uh, clearly a lawyer wrote no license means public domain This is one of the first, uh problems that developers and users Uh find when they are using software online We don't know who Is the copywriter and we don't know if we can transmit this This program this program to other people is the same with images. It's the same with music that we Listen online or movies Because sometimes licenses they are hidden And the information this legal information are not available to everybody But license especially the free software license protect all of us When you have the information About copyright and you have the information about license in a very clear understandable way You can check. Okay, so I am allowed to transfer This program this music this image to other people Am I allowed to change this software? Am I allowed or am I allowed just to use it? It's forbidden to me to improve the software License protects Uh free software license protects the developer Protects you as user and protect all of us Because through a license we can guarantee That one software is free software or not and having uh That uh defined or determined The whole society profits from that Because it's very clear to everybody that One one program is free software and therefore people can enjoy those free This for freedoms or not but The reality today is Sometimes it's not easy to find all those information and not just for users, but for developers as well People want to use parts of of software in their program They cannot because sometimes they don't know about the license. They don't know about the copyright holders well As i'm i'm i'm speaking right now. What are the problems? What are uncertainties that sometimes developers or even users are confronted with We don't know uh who uh possess the the copyright We don't know where to find the license and a developer Uh he or she Uh does not know Where to put the information And if they're developing a software They don't know where or which license to use or where to put the license or what are the obligations of the license but Most commonly they don't know how to make other people aware that they have chosen this license We at the free software foundation europe We want to tackle this problem this problem in order to make copyright and license information easy to everybody And we have developed a series of specifications through the reuse software initiative And we want people and especially developers To have a friendly and a very easy way to apply those information And when we have those information very clear in their software We are aware that they have chosen one license and who is the who is the the copyright of of that of that software And this will increase the level of legal security in the internet And increasing the legal security in the internet We are aware of which program is indeed free software And not and when we are when we know that that the term the program is free software We are sure that is the best solution for all those principles That we were talking about until now Well, and what is the reuse software or what is re-re-re-re-use initiative? Basically, we want that the License and the copyright information will be added to the source code to the files that compose the source code It's just two lines of Of we call it comment headers that developers put In the beginning of their files in the source code It's made by two lines that as explicitly Defines which license the developers chose and here We use the spdx lice identifier And who is the copyright of that particular file? Is that simple doing that? It's very simple Steps can help the entire internet providing legal security Well, but that seems a little bit Theoretical and people will say yeah, but it's really that So yes, it's really that and in order to To do that and to show that in fact is very simple We at the free software foundation Europe we have developed Some tools in order to make reuse very easy to adopt If you are an individual developer or you are in working a project or even if you are working in a big corporation the reuse Specifications is adaptable for everybody not just for individual developer or To the to the big corporations, but all in between We have developed the helper tool and this tool Help people to find the license. They want the text license to add those comment headers especially when those projects have a lot of of files in order to Automate those projects the helper tool can add those comment headers automatically We had prepared also a tutorial and faq for all those questions Not only regarding to reuse but we regarded also to copyright and licensing formation You can check it online and it's very clear and we We did break it down in order to make it accessible for everybody We also Think that the reuse initiative is not a small movement But we wanted to become an industry standard We want that it becomes a serious standard for software development. So everybody who is developing the software implement reuse Uh into their project in order to collaborate with everybody It will make Much easier for reuse to share knowledge to share software if we have these two little information in our source code in our source code And of course we also have developed an API if you want to check if your project is reused and also to put a badge in your github or a git lab on other git instance In order to tell other people that your project is reused compliant And you may you might be asking but who has already adopted the reused Well, the european commission has launched the next generation internet initiative Which funds a lot of projects more than 120 that is developing new technology That abide to all those principles that we are talking about And those prints in all those projects They are being exposed to reuse initiative And the linux kernel Uh has adopted at two 60 to 70 percent multinational corporations are uh are adopting reuse as well And all them are profiting from this very simple way in order to have copyright and licensing information Uh well displayed I hope that your projects your companies everybody who is listening can take a look in our website reuse dot software or in our instance in order to check how easy is to adopt it and how uh your project or Your software or even your company in your workflow can profit from reuse And I hope that this information this informations will be uh useful for you So, uh, I hope you have some questions and let's chat about uh the future of the internet Free software reuse Copyright and license. Thank you very much for your attention. Thank you very much for your talk. Lucas Really really interesting It's really interesting and useful Yeah, so if any one of you have a question remember that you can write it in the q&a or you can also Write your hand and come to the stage with us You can come here and ask to to lucas Yes Uh, sometimes people think that uh license and copyright information is a boring topic for lawyers But uh, we want to make it very simple so people because uh people are applying and using software And they want you to know about licensing copyright And we want to make it very easy for everybody. Yeah, that's true You're playing an easy way there. Everyone can understand it and this helps. Yes Yes, so let's uh, yes, uh I hope people have answers Questions So do you think each product needs to have free license or there are produce types which have can be only paid Well, thank you very much. That's a very good question But I want just to remember you that when we talk about free licenses It's about freedom. So it's completely Okay, to have a free software product But in a paid basis We have a lot of products that are paid But they are free software And and I'm not telling big corporations like like like a head of head hat That are great in making money and their products are open source are free software But I'm also talking about smaller products if you open, uh f drive that is Store for free on open source products for your smartphone for on trial devices You're going to see that there are a lot of products that you need to pay for it And they are and they are open source. They are free software So my position is that I would like to see all products as free software That products that are paid And not paid but all of them respect the four freedoms that are freedoms to use the product to study the product To share a trip. Oh, really? Thank you. I hope I Yeah, so we have another question Is first a good way to prepare the world to compete combine and reach economical growth against corporations well, uh, I think that There are corporations and corporations. Yeah Uh, there are corporate there are corporations that develop very nice projects And they are human centric And we have some very nice examples today And we want to keep that so where we envision the next generation internet from those people We are not against generation corporations Uh, we are we want to Those corporations are aware that they can have their products and respect people's freedom We want to spread this word To the max amount of people and max amount max amount of corporations and of course To educate that bad corporations corporations that Do not respect digital freedoms digital rights And doing that we want to educate them so reuse Having these two small lines of information in people's software people are being developed We can educate also people on this bad corporation that they do not Can exploit those software Saying that they don't know about information because the information is right there In the in the code okay Thank you. Lucas Let's see someone and have an information to have a question to do Remember that you can also raise your hand and we can invite you to the stage So we can see your face and you can talk with us or you can do it only with the micro you prefer Not to show your image Otherwise you can write the question in the q&a Top there. Lucas are you going to be here later for the networking time? Yes, absolutely. I I'll be there And I hope to chat with some someone In the in the rooms And of course I don't know Gemma, I just have one short question for you. Uh, this presentation will be made available. It will be in your in youtube That's weak on the youtube. Yes By next week, right? So, uh, you'll have also my contact And if you don't have any time more today, we also can talk later You just sent me a drop me a message Okay, that would be great And then later the same in the tables if you go to a table You connect your camera and your mic and you can talk with the people in the table You can talk with lucas and with the rest of the people So you have any other question to lucas? And if not, I think we can go to the networking. Thank you very much lucas for your presentation And I would like also to thank you gemma for, uh, your nice, uh, Being the middle woman here and I want also to thank open expo very much It has been a pleasure to be with all of you today and to the 51 attendees that Until now here in berlin's are already 1930 and you've been very first until now. Thank you lucas. See you later So bye. Bye. Bye. So now it's time for networking So you can join the any table here or you can go to another room And meet other people talk to people and use this time to to grow the naval we have here like almost 40 minutes So connect with people Share learn and enjoy See you tomorrow